In this thesis work has been treated the problem of water losses in distribution networks, especially in that of Milan. The real losses were analyzed in detail, given in turn by the sum of losses hidden or overt, detected in the time period 2006 - 2012 in the water supply of Milan, through a series of statistical analysis weighed and not in order to identify the network objects, materials, diameters most affected and lost volumes. Subsequently for them has been carried out an activity of georeferencing, through the use of ArcGIS software from reporting built on Excel. For the correct definition of the annual volume of losses is essential that they are measured reliably all volumes of water. Therefore, the actual losses have been estimated by the Water Balance according to the methodology proposed by the current regulations (DM January 8, 1997 n. 99), and according to standardization proposed by the IWA (International Water Association). For a complete definition of the degree of efficiency of the network have been calculated all the Performance Indicators, national and international, and some still in the process of disclosure, with particular regard to the ILI (Infrastucture Leakage Index). The reduction of water losses also depends on the understanding of the phenomena that lead to breakage of pipes. The data analysis allowed to identify as the link between the number of broken and physical factors (material, diameter, age of pipelines, traffic conditions and external loads on the pipe) was very strong. It was then formulated a Risk Index that includes all of the following and which can allow a zonation of the areas at greatest risk wiles. Finally, a probabilistic procedure was analyzed for estimation of mechanical failures and a study on three water networks of central and northern Italy that has allowed the identification as well as the environmental conditions contribute to the deterioration and breakage of pipes.
Nel presente lavoro di Tesi è stato trattato il problema delle perdite idriche nelle reti di distribuzione, in particolare in quella di Milano. Sono state analizzate nel dettaglio le perdite reali, date a loro volta dalla somma di perdite occulte e palesi, rilevate nell’arco temporale 2006 – 2012 nell’acquedotto di Milano, attraverso una serie di analisi statistiche pesate e non, al fine di individuare gli oggetti di rete, i materiali, i diametri maggiormente colpiti e i volumi persi. Successivamente per esse è stata effettuata un’attività di georeferenziazione, tramite l’utilizzo del software ArcGIS, a partire dalla reportistica realizzata su Excel. Per la corretta definizione del volume annuo delle perdite è fondamentale che vengano misurati in modo affidabile tutti i volumi d’acqua. Pertanto sono state stimate le perdite reali tramite Bilancio Idrico secondo la metodologia proposta dalla normativa vigente (DM 8 gennaio 1997 n. 99) e secondo la standardizzazione proposta dall’IWA (International Water Association). Per una completa definizione del grado di efficienza della rete sono stati calcolati tutti gli Indicatori Prestazionali, nazionali ed internazionali, ed alcuni ancora in via di divulgazione, con particolare riguardo per l’ILI (Infrastucture Leakage Index). La riduzione delle perdite idriche passa anche attraverso la comprensione dei fenomeni che portano alla rottura delle tubazioni. L’analisi dei dati ha consentito di evidenziare come il legame tra numero di rotture e fattori fisici (materiale, diametro, età delle condotte, condizioni di traffico e carichi esterni sulla tubazione) fosse molto forte. E’ stato quindi formulato un Indice di Rischio che racchiude tutti i seguenti aspetti e che può permettere una zonazione delle aree a maggior rischio fallanza. Infine è stata analizzata una procedura di tipo probabilistico per la stima delle rotture di tipo meccanico e uno studio riguardante tre reti acquedottistiche del centro-nord Italia che ha permesso di evidenziare come anche le condizioni ambientali contribuiscano al deterioramento e alla rottura delle tubazioni.
Analisi delle perdite occulte e palesi nella rete di distribuzione idrica di Milano : modelli di stima e indici di prestazione
DE CESARE, VANESSA
2013/2014
Abstract
In this thesis work has been treated the problem of water losses in distribution networks, especially in that of Milan. The real losses were analyzed in detail, given in turn by the sum of losses hidden or overt, detected in the time period 2006 - 2012 in the water supply of Milan, through a series of statistical analysis weighed and not in order to identify the network objects, materials, diameters most affected and lost volumes. Subsequently for them has been carried out an activity of georeferencing, through the use of ArcGIS software from reporting built on Excel. For the correct definition of the annual volume of losses is essential that they are measured reliably all volumes of water. Therefore, the actual losses have been estimated by the Water Balance according to the methodology proposed by the current regulations (DM January 8, 1997 n. 99), and according to standardization proposed by the IWA (International Water Association). For a complete definition of the degree of efficiency of the network have been calculated all the Performance Indicators, national and international, and some still in the process of disclosure, with particular regard to the ILI (Infrastucture Leakage Index). The reduction of water losses also depends on the understanding of the phenomena that lead to breakage of pipes. The data analysis allowed to identify as the link between the number of broken and physical factors (material, diameter, age of pipelines, traffic conditions and external loads on the pipe) was very strong. It was then formulated a Risk Index that includes all of the following and which can allow a zonation of the areas at greatest risk wiles. Finally, a probabilistic procedure was analyzed for estimation of mechanical failures and a study on three water networks of central and northern Italy that has allowed the identification as well as the environmental conditions contribute to the deterioration and breakage of pipes.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2014_12_DECESARE.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/100221