Synchronous reluctance machines (SynRM) are known to have a long history. It is known that they normally exhibit low torque-per-volume and low power factor, but a renewed interest has grown in the last decades, with related researches to maximize the output of such machines. It has been discovered that to get comparable performance to the induction machine, the SynRM must have a high-anisotropy rotor structure, which relates to a high saliency ratio or in other words high inductance difference. This can been realized with two different configurations: transversally laminated anisotropic and axially laminated anisotropic. The second structure is a good choice from the saliency ratio point of view, but manufacturing is difficult and very expensive. On the other hand, the first mentioned structure can be manufactured easily and in a cheaper way. The design of this structure can be also optimized to improve the characteristics. The effective saliency of such rotor design can be further increased by the insertion of permanent magnets into the flux barriers. However, the insecure availability of permanent magnets, their cost and the possible demagnetization of the magnets constitute disadvantages for the construction of such machine: hence, in an effort to increase the output of the SynRM without these disadvantages, the idea of introducing an assisting or compensated winding, wound on the SynRM rotor, has been developed. A first theoretical study has been carried out to have a feeling about the idea’s potential and its feasability , followed by the realization of a salient pole synchronous machine model to keep as a reference regarding the outputs. After the substitution of the rotor with a reluctance one, the next step has been to look for the ideal position for the winding. All the simulations have been run through a FEM software. The results have been observed and it has been discovered that it’s more advantageous to place the assisting and compensating windings in the barrier which is furthest respectively from d- and q-axis. The most interesting configuration has been studied more closely and an improvement in torque with reduced excitation current seems to be possible.
È risaputo che le macchine sincrone a riluttanza (SynRM) abbiano una lunga storia. Nonostante mostrino normalmente una bassa coppia a parità di volume e un basso fattore di potenza, negli ultimi decenni si è sviluppato un crescente interesse che ha portato a relative ricerche volte a massimizzare l’output di tali macchine. È stato scoperto che, per avere performance paragonabili a quelle della macchina a induzione, la SynRM debba avere un rotore ad alta anisotropia. Esistono principalmente due tipi di rotore ad alta anisotropia: a laminazione trasversale e a laminazione assiale. Il secondo rappresenta una buona scelta dal punto di vista del rapporto di salienza, ma la realizzazione è difficoltosa e molto costosa. Al contrario, il primo può essere realizzato in maniera più semplice ed economica. Il design del rotore può essere ottimizzato per migliorare le caratteristiche. L’effettiva salienza di tale rotore può essere ulteriormente aumentata con l’inserzione di magneti permanenti nelle barriere di flusso. Tuttavia, l’incertezza riguardo la loro disponibilità, l’elevato costo e la possibile smagnetizzazione dei magneti costituiscono degli svantaggi per tale macchina: dunque, nel tentativo di migliorare la performance della SynRM senza tali svantaggi, è stata formulata l’idea di introdurre un avvolgimento ausiliario o compensatore, avvolto sul rotore della SynRM. Un primo studio teorico è servito a investigare il potenziale dell’idea e la sua realizzabilità, seguito poi dalla realizzazione di un modello di macchina sincrona a poli salienti da tenere come riferimento per quanto riguarda l’output della nuova macchina. Dopo la sostituzione del rotore con uno a riluttanza, si è proseguito con la ricerca della posizione ideale in cui collocare l’avvolgimento. Tutte le simulazioni sono state svolte tramite un software FEM. I risultati hanno mostrato che è più vantaggioso disporre l’avvolgimento ausiliario o compensatore nella barriera di flusso che è più lontana rispettivamente dagli assi d o q. La configurazione con i risultati più promettenti è stata esaminata più nel dettaglio e viene mostrato infine che un miglioramento di coppia e fattore di potenza con corrente di eccitazione ridotta sembra possibile.
Conceptual investigation of synchronous reluctance machine performance improvement via rotor excitation windings
SPERATI, FLAVIA
2013/2014
Abstract
Synchronous reluctance machines (SynRM) are known to have a long history. It is known that they normally exhibit low torque-per-volume and low power factor, but a renewed interest has grown in the last decades, with related researches to maximize the output of such machines. It has been discovered that to get comparable performance to the induction machine, the SynRM must have a high-anisotropy rotor structure, which relates to a high saliency ratio or in other words high inductance difference. This can been realized with two different configurations: transversally laminated anisotropic and axially laminated anisotropic. The second structure is a good choice from the saliency ratio point of view, but manufacturing is difficult and very expensive. On the other hand, the first mentioned structure can be manufactured easily and in a cheaper way. The design of this structure can be also optimized to improve the characteristics. The effective saliency of such rotor design can be further increased by the insertion of permanent magnets into the flux barriers. However, the insecure availability of permanent magnets, their cost and the possible demagnetization of the magnets constitute disadvantages for the construction of such machine: hence, in an effort to increase the output of the SynRM without these disadvantages, the idea of introducing an assisting or compensated winding, wound on the SynRM rotor, has been developed. A first theoretical study has been carried out to have a feeling about the idea’s potential and its feasability , followed by the realization of a salient pole synchronous machine model to keep as a reference regarding the outputs. After the substitution of the rotor with a reluctance one, the next step has been to look for the ideal position for the winding. All the simulations have been run through a FEM software. The results have been observed and it has been discovered that it’s more advantageous to place the assisting and compensating windings in the barrier which is furthest respectively from d- and q-axis. The most interesting configuration has been studied more closely and an improvement in torque with reduced excitation current seems to be possible.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/102173