There has been a rapid growth in the data rate carried by cellular services, and this increase along with the emergence of new multimedia applications have motivated the 3rd Generation Partnership (3GPP) Project to launch Long-Term Evolution (LTE). LTE is the latest standard in the mobile network technology and is design to meet the ubiquitous demands of next-generation mobile networks. LTE assures significant spectral and energy efficiency gains in both the uplink and downlink with low latency. Multiple access schemes such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) which is a modified version of OFDMA have recently been adopted in 3GPP LTE downlink and uplink, respectively. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is an important technology for future wireless systems as it offers numerous advantages over other existing technologies, such as robust performance over multipath fading channels and the ability to achieve high spectral efficiency. With the deployment of 4G beginning to spread throughout the world, today’s emerging multimedia application has many requirements in terms of quality of service and users always want to be best connected anywhere, anytime, and anyhow. To satisfy these demands, a variety of access technologies has become available: WiFi (Wireless Fidelity), WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), and Cellular networks. This has made it difficult for service provider to select the best network for requesting services and to control the quality level of ongoing connections. Thus, the use of resources management to prevent overloaded or underutilized networks as well as to best satisfy users is indispensable. This thesis addresses the state of the art on radio resource management in next-generation networks (4G above). Different schemes in network selection and subcarrier are discussed in several aspects, namely decision making, QoS, mobility, and architectural design. This thesis is organize as follows: Chapter 1 presents an overview of resource allocation and scheduling algorithms for cellular systems. Chapter 2 will explain the Resource allocation in OFDMA Network. Chapter 3 presents an overview of LTE technical background considering the different access schemes on both the downlink and uplink and the resource allocation popularly used in LTE systems. In Chapter 4, the state of art resource allocation techniques and resource management for 4G/LTE heterogeneous Network will be discuss. Chapter 5 presents a performance survey of the different scheduling and resources allocation techniques that are present in the literature. Chapter 6 presents the current trends of resource allocation in 5G.
C'è stata una rapida crescita della velocità di trasmissione dei dati effettuata dai servizi di telefonia mobile, e questo aumento con l'emergere di nuove applicazioni multimediali hanno motivato il 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) per lanciare il Long-Term Evolution (LTE). LTE è il più recente standard nella tecnologia di rete mobile ed è progettato per soddisfare le esigenze onnipresenti delle reti mobili di nuova generazione. LTE assicura guadagni significativi in termini di efficienza spettrale ed energetica sia in uplink che in downlink con bassa latenza. Sistemi ad accesso multiplo quali Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) e Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), che è una versione modificata dell’OFDMA, sono stati adottati recentemente in 3GPP LTE downlink e uplink rispettivamente. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) è una tecnologia importante per i sistemi wireless futuri in quanto offre numerosi vantaggi rispetto ad altre tecnologie esistenti, come prestazioni robuste su canali con multipath fading e la capacità di raggiungere un'elevata efficienza spettrale. Con la diffusione del 4G in tutto il mondo, le emergenti applicazioni multimediali di oggi hanno molti requisiti in termini di qualità di servizio e gli utenti vogliono essere sempre meglio connessi dovunque e comunque in ogni momento. Per soddisfare queste esigenze, diverse tecnologie di accesso sono diventate disponibili: WiFi (Wireless Fidelity), WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), e le reti cellulari. Ciò ha reso difficile per i fornitori di servizi selezionare la migliore rete per i servizi richiesti e controllare il livello di qualità delle connessioni in corso. Pertanto, è indispensabile l'uso della gestione delle risorse per evitare sovraccarichi nelle reti o il sottoutilizzo delle reti, nonché soddisfare al meglio gli utenti. Questa tesi affronta lo stato dell'arte in materia di gestione delle risorse radio nelle reti di prossima generazione (4G sopra). Diversi schemi di selezione della rete e sottoportanti sono discussi sotto diversi aspetti, vale a dire il processo decisionale, QoS, la mobilità, e la progettazione architettonica. Questa tesi è organizzata come segue: Il capitolo 1 presenta una panoramica degli algoritmi per l’allocazione delle risorse e la pianificazione per i sistemi cellulari. Il capitolo 2 spiegherà l'allocazione delle risorse nell’OFDMA. Il capitolo 3 presenta una panoramica del background tecnico dell’LTE considerando i diversi schemi di accesso sia in downlink che in uplink e l'assegnazione delle risorse comunemente utilizzato nei sistemi LTE. Nel capitolo 4, saranno discusse le tecniche di allocazione delle risorse e la gestione delle risorse per la rete 4G / LTE eterogenea. Il capitolo 5 presenta una rassegna delle prestazioni delle diverse tecniche di scheduling e assegnazione delle risore tecniche che sono presenti nella letteratura. Il capitolo 6 presenta le attuali tendenze di allocazione delle risorse nelle reti 5G.
Resource allocation techniques in 4G heterogeneous networks
ARAMIDE, OLUWATOSIN OLADAYO
2014/2015
Abstract
There has been a rapid growth in the data rate carried by cellular services, and this increase along with the emergence of new multimedia applications have motivated the 3rd Generation Partnership (3GPP) Project to launch Long-Term Evolution (LTE). LTE is the latest standard in the mobile network technology and is design to meet the ubiquitous demands of next-generation mobile networks. LTE assures significant spectral and energy efficiency gains in both the uplink and downlink with low latency. Multiple access schemes such as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) which is a modified version of OFDMA have recently been adopted in 3GPP LTE downlink and uplink, respectively. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is an important technology for future wireless systems as it offers numerous advantages over other existing technologies, such as robust performance over multipath fading channels and the ability to achieve high spectral efficiency. With the deployment of 4G beginning to spread throughout the world, today’s emerging multimedia application has many requirements in terms of quality of service and users always want to be best connected anywhere, anytime, and anyhow. To satisfy these demands, a variety of access technologies has become available: WiFi (Wireless Fidelity), WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access), and Cellular networks. This has made it difficult for service provider to select the best network for requesting services and to control the quality level of ongoing connections. Thus, the use of resources management to prevent overloaded or underutilized networks as well as to best satisfy users is indispensable. This thesis addresses the state of the art on radio resource management in next-generation networks (4G above). Different schemes in network selection and subcarrier are discussed in several aspects, namely decision making, QoS, mobility, and architectural design. This thesis is organize as follows: Chapter 1 presents an overview of resource allocation and scheduling algorithms for cellular systems. Chapter 2 will explain the Resource allocation in OFDMA Network. Chapter 3 presents an overview of LTE technical background considering the different access schemes on both the downlink and uplink and the resource allocation popularly used in LTE systems. In Chapter 4, the state of art resource allocation techniques and resource management for 4G/LTE heterogeneous Network will be discuss. Chapter 5 presents a performance survey of the different scheduling and resources allocation techniques that are present in the literature. Chapter 6 presents the current trends of resource allocation in 5G.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/102721