Hospitals and their technological content grow old at a very different pace: throughout the long life cycle of healthcare facilities, medical and technological findings can lead to huge changes in the equipments, tools and machineries used in the Healthcare Industry, making them obsolete even in just a matter of few years. Hospitals, therefore, have to swiftly meet ever-changing needs, if possible doing so with no alteration to the structure, so as to avoid considerable costs and unwanted disturbance to the normal activities and the patients. Considering the constant technological evolution in Healthcare, flexibility has become one of the key elements of hospital design. Particularly interesting are the strategies that focus on constant surface flexibility, solutions that provide change without building extensions to make space for it. Among them, there is the Open Building approach, developed in 1972 and only recently applied to Healthcare facilities, which showed that buildings have two basic parts: the Support (all the common and public parts) and the Infill (all the private elements concerning the tenant). Applied to Healthcare facilities, it identifies three basic parts: the Primary System (structure), the Secondary System (components) and the Tertiary System (fittings). A collection of case studies lead to the definition of analysis parameters that could help evaluate different features of the project. Starting from this assessment, the research moved towards a more precise and scientific method of evaluation, defining a list of markers that enabled the grading of each case study, on a scale of 0 to 10. This process led to the definition and fine-tuning of an evaluation instrument able to estimate how much a healthcare facility (both already built and still under construction) complies with the principles of the Open Building approach.
L’ospedale ed il suo contenuto tecnologico invecchiano a ritmi differenti: durante la lunga vita di una struttura sanitaria le scoperte in campo medico e tecnologico possono portare notevoli cambiamenti alle strumentazioni e alle attrezzature sanitarie, che diventano obsolete anche solo dopo qualche anno di vita. Le strutture sanitarie si devono adeguare per rispondere a mutevoli esigenze in tempi rapidi, possibilmente senza apportare modifiche alla struttura, così da evitare interferenze con le attività, disturbo ai pazienti e costi notevoli. A fronte di un panorama tecnologico e sanitario in continua evoluzione la flessibilità è diventata un fattore chiave del progetto di un ospedale. Di particolare importanza sono le strategie che si possono applicare a superficie costante, soluzioni che non prevedono la realizzazione di ampliamenti. Tra di esse vi è l’Open Building, nato nel 1972 e solo da qualche anno applicato alle strutture ospedaliere, il quale individua due componenti fondamentali dell’edificio: Support (parti comuni e pubbliche dell’edificio) e Infill (parti private di competenza dell’inquilino). Nel caso del progetto ospedaliero, invece, possono essere declinate in: Sistema Primario (struttura), Sistema Secondario (componenti) e Sistema Terziario (attrezzature). Una serie di casi studio ha consentito di individuare parametri di analisi che permettessero di comprendere e valutare i diversi aspetti del progetto. Supportati da queste ricerche, si è giunti a definire uno strumento scientifico composto da otto indicatori che hanno consentito di assegnare a ciascuno dei casi studio una valutazione obiettiva espressa in decimi. Tutto questo ha consentito la messa a punto di uno strumento di valutazione in grado di stabilire in che percentuale una struttura ospedaliera (sia essa già realizzata o in fase di progetto) aderisca ai principi dell’Open Building.
Open building. Strumento di pianificazione e programmazione progettuale per le strutture sanitarie
ZANCHI, ELEONORA
2014/2015
Abstract
Hospitals and their technological content grow old at a very different pace: throughout the long life cycle of healthcare facilities, medical and technological findings can lead to huge changes in the equipments, tools and machineries used in the Healthcare Industry, making them obsolete even in just a matter of few years. Hospitals, therefore, have to swiftly meet ever-changing needs, if possible doing so with no alteration to the structure, so as to avoid considerable costs and unwanted disturbance to the normal activities and the patients. Considering the constant technological evolution in Healthcare, flexibility has become one of the key elements of hospital design. Particularly interesting are the strategies that focus on constant surface flexibility, solutions that provide change without building extensions to make space for it. Among them, there is the Open Building approach, developed in 1972 and only recently applied to Healthcare facilities, which showed that buildings have two basic parts: the Support (all the common and public parts) and the Infill (all the private elements concerning the tenant). Applied to Healthcare facilities, it identifies three basic parts: the Primary System (structure), the Secondary System (components) and the Tertiary System (fittings). A collection of case studies lead to the definition of analysis parameters that could help evaluate different features of the project. Starting from this assessment, the research moved towards a more precise and scientific method of evaluation, defining a list of markers that enabled the grading of each case study, on a scale of 0 to 10. This process led to the definition and fine-tuning of an evaluation instrument able to estimate how much a healthcare facility (both already built and still under construction) complies with the principles of the Open Building approach.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2015_07_Zanchi.pdf
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Descrizione: Testo della Tesi
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/108165