Tehran, the capital city of Iran has faced the changes of globalization of the 20th century and throughout its process of transformation has lost many valuable characteristics of its past which made the public spaces Inclusive. Unlike the traditional spaces in Tehran many public spaces are not accessible for all types of users, in terms of age, gender and physical abilities. The public spaces in Tehran are not user friendly and walkable anymore. Therefore people refuse to use the spaces because of the poor quality of design in these spaces. The case study area poses barriers and limitations to accessing suitable facilities, public transport, public spaces and urban environments. The most important questions of this research are the issues and threats that Tehran is facing in the contemporary era. Therefore the process of urban development and transformation of Iranian cities through history has been studied in order to understand the loss and gains of the cities through time and to determine the link between traditional and modern design of the cities. Later the research focuses on analysing the procedure of public space development in Iran to understand the relationship between the traditional and contemporary design within these spaces. It helps to understand how to apply a design procedure in the case study area in order to revive the lost characteristics and have a compatible design which revives the Iranian identity of the space but at the same time fulfils contemporary design and modern lifestyle of people in current era. Hence, it has been essential to understand the characteristics of public spaces in Iran before deciding to make changes and propose new design guidelines for revitalizing the area. But how can lessons from historical structure of the city used in the contemporary practices in Tehran? Through a study on traditional Iranian cities three different phases of spatial and physical functions can be found; the Islamic phase, the modernization movement in Pahlavi era and after revolution. During the Islamic phase it is found that the cities consists of two different space used by men and women. Public or exterior places such as streets, squares and bazaar, were all considered masculine spaces meanwhile, private space, the interior spaces of the home, the neighbourhood, and any other spaces that could be closed and controlled-were considered to be the feminine domain. After modernization in Iran, specifically during Pahlavi I era these barriers were replaced by freedom of use of public spaces by women and the spaces were open to all type of people. However in terms of cityscape and architecture Iranian cities has lost many of its domestic and historical values. The chaotic expansion of cities and westernizing the image of the metropolitan cities has caused many problems and issues. The city of Tehran has been one of the most important cities which have gone through the process of modernization and globalization in Pahlavi II and after the Islamic revolution in 1979. It is necessary to realize the main principles, elements and features of design, practiced in modern urban development in order to preserve the good characteristics of the past through contemporary design. In order to find answers to research questions this thesis put its focus on Inclusive design and its principles. Inclusive design is a tool, functioning as a goal that puts a high value on spaces that everyone can use. It is the most important variable for reconsidering the spaces in the case study area. For a better understanding of Inclusive design theory and its variables an in-depth study on papers, books and relevant documents was conducted in order to realize how to plan and deduct guidelines for an inclusive environment usable for all citizens and how to revive the lost characteristics of traditional public spaces in Tehran to enhance inclusiveness of the case study area. A city for all is an inclusive city which owns efficient public services, supports a dynamic economy, provides cultural stimulation, and helps heal society's divisions of race, class, and ethnicity. A city for all is an inclusive city with fair architectural and urban quality, legible and accessible and user friendly. But is Inclusive design responsive to all the needs of Iranian citizen in using public spaces in the city? There are compulsory factors recognized and studied about Iranian public spaces in order to achieve the goals and purposes of this research. The main objectives of this study are to understand and outline the effect of modernization on the case study area which has led to neglecting unique qualities and characteristics of traditional Iranian cities. Analysing inclusiveness of public spaces in the case study area today, review on Inclusive design and its principles as a tool to have a city for all and finally deducting new inclusive design guidelines to enhance the quality of the case study area as a sample. To accomplish the objectives, this research examines the inclusiveness of two important public spaces in the historical core of Tehran (Toop-Khane Square and Laleh-Zar Street) through qualitative method, using SWOT analysis and systematic observation and photographs. The conclusion suggests new design tools which illustrates the possibility of enhancing the inclusiveness of the area. However there are limitations with the new proposed guidelines because of economic problems and financial matters. The authorities in Iran do not support such proposals because of political policies and financial constraints.
Teheran, la capitale dell'Iran ha affrontato i cambiamenti della globalizzazione del 20 ° secolo e per tutto il suo processo di trasformazione ha perso molte caratteristiche preziose del suo passato che ha reso gli spazi pubblici Inclusive. A differenza dei tradizionali spazi di Teheran molti spazi pubblici non sono accessibili per tutti i tipi di utenti, in termini di età, sesso e abilità fisiche. Gli spazi pubblici di Teheran non sono di facile uso e raggiungibili a piedi più. Pertanto le persone si rifiutano di utilizzare gli spazi a causa della scarsa qualità del design in questi spazi. L'area di studio di caso pone barriere e le limitazioni all'accesso strutture adeguate, i trasporti pubblici, spazi pubblici e ambienti urbani. Le questioni più importanti di questa ricerca sono i problemi e le minacce che Teheran si trova ad affrontare in epoca contemporanea. Pertanto, il processo di sviluppo urbano e di trasformazione delle città iraniane attraverso la storia è stato studiato al fine di comprendere la perdita e gli utili delle città attraverso il tempo e per determinare il nesso tra design tradizionale e moderno delle città. In seguito la ricerca si concentra sull'analisi della procedura di sviluppo dello spazio pubblico in Iran per capire il rapporto tra il design tradizionale e contemporaneo all'interno di questi spazi. Aiuta a capire come applicare una procedura di progettazione nel settore dello studio caso al fine di rilanciare le caratteristiche persi e hanno un design compatibile che fa rivivere l'identità iraniana dello spazio, ma allo stesso tempo soddisfa design contemporaneo e stile di vita moderno di persone in corrente era. Quindi, è fondamentale capire le caratteristiche degli spazi pubblici in Iran prima di decidere di apportare modifiche e proporre nuove linee guida di progettazione per rivitalizzare la zona. Ma i lezioni di struttura storica della città come possono utilizzare nelle pratiche contemporanee di Teheran? Attraverso uno studio sulla città tradizionali iraniane tre diverse fasi di funzioni spaziali e fisiche possono essere trovati; la fase islamica, il movimento di modernizzazione in età Pahlavi e dopo la rivoluzione. Durante la fase islamica si è constatato che le città si compone di due spazi diversi utilizzato da uomini e donne. Luoghi pubblici o esterni, come strade, piazze e bazar, sono stati tutti considerati spazi maschili nel frattempo, spazio privato, gli spazi interni della casa, il quartiere, e tutti gli altri spazi che potrebbero essere chiusi erano considerati il dominio femminile . Dopo la modernizzazione in Iran, in particolare durante Pahlavi I queste barriere sono state sostituite a libertà di utilizzo degli spazi pubblici per le donne e gli spazi erano aperti a tutti i tipi di persone. Tuttavia, in termini di paesaggio urbano e architettura città iraniane ha perso molti dei suoi valori nazionali e storici. L'espansione caotica delle città e occidentalizzante l'immagine delle città metropolitane ha causato molti problemi e questioni. La città di Teheran è stata una delle città più importanti che sono passati attraverso il processo di modernizzazione e della globalizzazione in Pahlavi II e dopo la rivoluzione islamica del 1979. È necessario realizzare i principi, gli elementi e le caratteristiche del disegno, praticate nello sviluppo urbano moderno per preservare le buone caratteristiche del passato attraverso design contemporaneo. Al fine di trovare le risposte alle domande di ricerca di questa tesi ha messo la sua attenzione sulla progettazione inclusiva e dei suoi principi. Disegno Inclusive è uno strumento, funziona come un obiettivo che mette un valore alto su spazi che tutti possono utilizzare. Questa è la variabile più importante per riconsiderare gli spazi nel caso studio. Per una migliore comprensione della teoria del design Inclusive e le sue variabili uno studio approfondito su carte, libri e documenti pertinenti è stata condotta al fine di realizzare come pianificare e dedurre le linee guida per un ambiente inclusivo utilizzabile per tutti i cittadini e su come far rivivere le caratteristiche perdute di spazi pubblici tradizionali a Teheran per migliorare l'inclusione della zona caso di studio. Una città per tutti è una città inclusiva che possiede servizi pubblici efficienti, sostiene un'economia dinamica, fornisce stimoli culturali, e aiuta a guarire le divisioni della società di razza, classe, ed etnia. Una città per tutti è una città inclusiva, con la qualità architettonica e urbana equo, leggibile e accessibile e facile da usare. Ma il design Inclusive è comprensivo a tutte le esigenze del cittadino iraniano a utilizzare gli spazi pubblici in città? Ci sono fattori obbligatorie riconosciuti e studiati su spazi pubblici iraniane al fine di raggiungere gli obiettivi e gli scopi di questa ricerca. Gli obiettivi principali di questo studio sono di comprendere e delineare gli effetti della modernizzazione sull'area caso di studio che ha portato a trascurare qualità uniche e le caratteristiche delle città tradizionali iraniane. Analizzando inclusività degli spazi pubblici nell'area di studio caso di oggi, rassegna sul design Inclusive ei suoi principi come strumento per avere una città per tutti e, infine, deducendo le nuove linee guida di progettazione inclusiva per migliorare la qualità dell'area di studio caso come campione. Per raggiungere gli obiettivi, questa ricerca esamina l'inclusione di due importanti spazi pubblici nel centro storico di Teheran (Toop-Khane Square e Laleh-Zar Street) con metodo qualitativo, utilizzando l'analisi SWOT e l'osservazione sistematica e fotografie. La conclusione suggerisce nuovi strumenti di progettazione che illustra la possibilità di rafforzare l'inclusività della zona. Tuttavia ci sono limitazioni con i nuovi orientamenti proposti a causa di problemi economici e le questioni finanziarie. Le autorità iraniane non supportano tali proposte a causa di scelte politiche e vincoli finanziari.
City for all. A study on Tehran's public spaces according to Inclusive design principles; tools and experiences
SOORI, SOROUDEH
Abstract
Tehran, the capital city of Iran has faced the changes of globalization of the 20th century and throughout its process of transformation has lost many valuable characteristics of its past which made the public spaces Inclusive. Unlike the traditional spaces in Tehran many public spaces are not accessible for all types of users, in terms of age, gender and physical abilities. The public spaces in Tehran are not user friendly and walkable anymore. Therefore people refuse to use the spaces because of the poor quality of design in these spaces. The case study area poses barriers and limitations to accessing suitable facilities, public transport, public spaces and urban environments. The most important questions of this research are the issues and threats that Tehran is facing in the contemporary era. Therefore the process of urban development and transformation of Iranian cities through history has been studied in order to understand the loss and gains of the cities through time and to determine the link between traditional and modern design of the cities. Later the research focuses on analysing the procedure of public space development in Iran to understand the relationship between the traditional and contemporary design within these spaces. It helps to understand how to apply a design procedure in the case study area in order to revive the lost characteristics and have a compatible design which revives the Iranian identity of the space but at the same time fulfils contemporary design and modern lifestyle of people in current era. Hence, it has been essential to understand the characteristics of public spaces in Iran before deciding to make changes and propose new design guidelines for revitalizing the area. But how can lessons from historical structure of the city used in the contemporary practices in Tehran? Through a study on traditional Iranian cities three different phases of spatial and physical functions can be found; the Islamic phase, the modernization movement in Pahlavi era and after revolution. During the Islamic phase it is found that the cities consists of two different space used by men and women. Public or exterior places such as streets, squares and bazaar, were all considered masculine spaces meanwhile, private space, the interior spaces of the home, the neighbourhood, and any other spaces that could be closed and controlled-were considered to be the feminine domain. After modernization in Iran, specifically during Pahlavi I era these barriers were replaced by freedom of use of public spaces by women and the spaces were open to all type of people. However in terms of cityscape and architecture Iranian cities has lost many of its domestic and historical values. The chaotic expansion of cities and westernizing the image of the metropolitan cities has caused many problems and issues. The city of Tehran has been one of the most important cities which have gone through the process of modernization and globalization in Pahlavi II and after the Islamic revolution in 1979. It is necessary to realize the main principles, elements and features of design, practiced in modern urban development in order to preserve the good characteristics of the past through contemporary design. In order to find answers to research questions this thesis put its focus on Inclusive design and its principles. Inclusive design is a tool, functioning as a goal that puts a high value on spaces that everyone can use. It is the most important variable for reconsidering the spaces in the case study area. For a better understanding of Inclusive design theory and its variables an in-depth study on papers, books and relevant documents was conducted in order to realize how to plan and deduct guidelines for an inclusive environment usable for all citizens and how to revive the lost characteristics of traditional public spaces in Tehran to enhance inclusiveness of the case study area. A city for all is an inclusive city which owns efficient public services, supports a dynamic economy, provides cultural stimulation, and helps heal society's divisions of race, class, and ethnicity. A city for all is an inclusive city with fair architectural and urban quality, legible and accessible and user friendly. But is Inclusive design responsive to all the needs of Iranian citizen in using public spaces in the city? There are compulsory factors recognized and studied about Iranian public spaces in order to achieve the goals and purposes of this research. The main objectives of this study are to understand and outline the effect of modernization on the case study area which has led to neglecting unique qualities and characteristics of traditional Iranian cities. Analysing inclusiveness of public spaces in the case study area today, review on Inclusive design and its principles as a tool to have a city for all and finally deducting new inclusive design guidelines to enhance the quality of the case study area as a sample. To accomplish the objectives, this research examines the inclusiveness of two important public spaces in the historical core of Tehran (Toop-Khane Square and Laleh-Zar Street) through qualitative method, using SWOT analysis and systematic observation and photographs. The conclusion suggests new design tools which illustrates the possibility of enhancing the inclusiveness of the area. However there are limitations with the new proposed guidelines because of economic problems and financial matters. The authorities in Iran do not support such proposals because of political policies and financial constraints.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
2015_04_PhD_SOORI.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: Thesis Text
Dimensione
14.07 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
14.07 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/109884