This study is focused on showing the different types of financing tools used to fund Smart City projects that use Internet of Things technologies. For the purpose of this study, many rankings of Smart Cities were researched and a sample of 25 cities was selected to analyze the Smart City projects developed on them. Then a sample of 112 projects that use IoT was selected, from which the financing tools used were analyzed. The projects were divided into 3 Smart City dimensions (Smart Environment, Smart Mobility and Smart Living) and their specific fields according to the characteristics of the projects and the problem they intend to solve. A brief description of many financing tools that are commonly used in this type of projects was provided and then, these tools were aggregated into 3 main financing categories (Public financing, Private financing and Public-Private Partnership) to indicate the source of the financing. Within the category of Public financing projects were subdivided depending on whether they were financed by the City or the National Government (European Union included). Similarly, the Public-Private Partnership category was also subdivided into 3 types of contracts: Management, Operation and Maintenance contracts, Leases and Affermage contracts and Concession and BOT contracts. Finally, an analysis of these financing tools was made for each of the Smart City dimensions and each of their specific fields reaching a conclusion about the results found for each of them.
Questa Tesina è focalizzata in mostrare i differenti tipi di strumenti di finanziamento usati per finanziare i progetti di Smat City che utilizzano le tecnologie dell’ Internet of Things (IoT). Ai fini di questo studio, molti ranking delle Smart Cities sono state studiate ed è stato selezionato un campione di 25 città per analizzare i progetti sviluppati in ognuna. Dopo, un campione di 112 progetti che utilizzano IoT è stato selezionato, dei quali gli stumenti di finanziamento utilizzati sono stati analizzati. I progetti sono stati divisi in 3 dimensioni della Smart City (Smart Environment, Smart Mobility and Smart Living) e in suoi campi specifici in funzione delle caratteristiche dei progetti e il problema che intendono soluzionare. Una breve descripzione di molti strumenti di finanziamento che vengono comunemente utilizzati in questo tipo di progetti è stato fornito e poi, questi strumenti sono stati aggregati in 3 categorie principali di finanziamento (finanziamento Pubblico, finanziamento Privato e Partenariato Pubblico-Privato) per indicare la fonte di finanziamento. All’interno della categoria di finanziamento Pubblico i progetti sono stati suddivisi dipendendo di se sono stati finanziati dalla città o dal governo nazionale (Unione Europea compresa). Allo stesso modo, la categoria di Partenariato Pubblico-Privato è stata suddivisa in 3 tipi di contratti: Management, Operation and Maintenance contracts, Leases and Affermage contracts and Concession and BOT contracts. Finalmente, un’analisi di questi strumenti di finanziamento è stato fatto per ciascuna delle dimensione della Smart City e ciascuno dei suoi campi specifici raggiungendo una conclusione su i risultati trovati per ciascuno di essi.
Financing instruments for smart city projects based on Internet of Things
De VUONO HERNANDEZ, RINA ISABEL;ALBOR PALLARES, RAFAEL ALBERTO
2014/2015
Abstract
This study is focused on showing the different types of financing tools used to fund Smart City projects that use Internet of Things technologies. For the purpose of this study, many rankings of Smart Cities were researched and a sample of 25 cities was selected to analyze the Smart City projects developed on them. Then a sample of 112 projects that use IoT was selected, from which the financing tools used were analyzed. The projects were divided into 3 Smart City dimensions (Smart Environment, Smart Mobility and Smart Living) and their specific fields according to the characteristics of the projects and the problem they intend to solve. A brief description of many financing tools that are commonly used in this type of projects was provided and then, these tools were aggregated into 3 main financing categories (Public financing, Private financing and Public-Private Partnership) to indicate the source of the financing. Within the category of Public financing projects were subdivided depending on whether they were financed by the City or the National Government (European Union included). Similarly, the Public-Private Partnership category was also subdivided into 3 types of contracts: Management, Operation and Maintenance contracts, Leases and Affermage contracts and Concession and BOT contracts. Finally, an analysis of these financing tools was made for each of the Smart City dimensions and each of their specific fields reaching a conclusion about the results found for each of them.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2015_12_ALBOR_DE VUONO.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/116101