A war is being fought in the aesthetic world of contemporary art through private foundations and museums, whose projects are increasingly being entrusted to the brilliant minds of the "superstars" more disputes of the moment, to transform the way of life and culture by doing so create greater convergence between art, design and contemporary architecture. However, it is known as less and less funds are allocated by public agencies in favor of artistic and cultural initiatives; This has meant that recently a number of new "actors" have been joined by private, and in some cases replaced the public sector governance of cultural heritage, to try to solve problems, or at least not stop the energy of cultural production. Numerous Private Foundations of contemporary art from the relevant impact of art and architecture are emerging in major European cities in order to promote the most modern forms of art, alongside museum systems in existing public or private or compensating to serious injuries where there is a need as in the particular case of Milan, without a real museum of contemporary art. This phenomenon is closely connected to the collector market that, practiced mostly by members of the industrial and commercial bourgeoisie, has taken the place of the old patronage and that constitutes the modern look of the 'client'. These foundations in fact, are often born at the hands of those who could be called so patrons of the twenty-first century, class identifying the collector upper middle class no longer a disinterested amateur, but a trader who sees art as an opportunity for profitable investment and not only prestige. More and more often we see the names of powerful industrial leaders of "neomecenatismo", along with the names of world-famous architects, from which partnerships are born great architectural interventions, grandiose containers within which expose the huge artistic patrimony collected over time, generously made available to the public as a vehicle of education in order to promote the culture and the image of the brand. Museums, cultural events and exhibitions become an opportunity to launch information campaigns and social messages. Suffice it to say that the most egregious incidents of this phenomenon are the new Fondation Louis Vuitton received in the sixteenth arrondissement of Paris and designed by the great American master Frank Gehry, or the famous Prada Foundation by Rem Koohlaas for Milan, born from a love of spouses Prada-Bertelli, one for art, or ever for Italy the magnificent Venetian project recovery of Punta della Dogana with the signature of Tadao Ando for the Francois Pinault Foundation, as well as many others. Just museology and the very idea of the museum was and is, in recent years, a source of debate and discussion: it's not just marketing strategies, rather it is changed at the international level, the way we perceive the museum space: from architectural design to the political exhibition, the outfits, the conservation techniques and so on. Indeed, it is the museum that you must adapt to the needs of contemporary art. Art asks spaces, and these new foundations are therefore inevitably forced to question and design spaces designed to welcome the new artistic expressions of contemporary art. The modern museum needs only to be himself a collector, collector of collections, that is, become suitable container to receive the legacies of the great collectors of the twentieth century, the fruits of an extraordinary period in the art market that has changed the figure of the collector. The work of art is an aesthetic pleasure and intellectual, he realized a fulfillment of the spirit, but today is also an opportunity for investment or a safe haven. The two major trends that are opposed in the course of this century reflect precisely the choice between a conception of art as commodity privileged intended for a market of elite and a conception of art as an educational factor of which the whole society should be able to enjoy freely; It is here that involved private foundations of contemporary art, as supporters and promoters of cultural organization whose mission is to bring more and more of the public to art. The aim of this thesis is therefore to take you on a journey through the discovery of these new realities, focusing on those that have highly regarded the architectural appearance, the container art, shell collection which it has been recognized an important communicative function. The course aims to illustrate the new foundations from the smaller, but no less important, the most famous and chats, to get to attract the attention on the two case studies reputed most striking examples of this new contemporary reality: Fondazione Prada in Milan , and Louis Vuitton Foundation for Paris.
Una guerra estetica si sta combattendo nel mondo dell'arte contemporanea, attraverso fondazioni private e musei, i cui progetti vengono sempre più spesso affidati alle geniali menti delle “archistar” più contese del momento, per trasformare il modo di vivere la cultura e così facendo creare una maggiore convergenza tra arte, design ed architettura contemporanea. È tuttavia noto come sempre meno fondi vengano stanziati da parte degli apparati pubblici a favore delle iniziative artistiche e culturali; questo ha fatto si che recentemente una serie di nuovi “attori” privati si sono affiancati, e in alcuni casi sostituiti alla funzione pubblica della governance del patrimonio culturale, per provare a risolvere problemi o perlomeno non interrompere l'energia della produzione culturale. Numerose Fondazioni Private d’arte contemporanea dal rilevante impatto artistico ed architettonico stanno sorgendo nelle principali metropoli europee allo scopo di promuovere le più moderne forme di arte, affiancandosi a sistemi museali pubblici o privati già esistenti o supplendo a gravi assenze laddove ce ne sia la necessità, come nel particolare caso di Milano, priva di un vero e proprio museo di arte contemporanea. Questo fenomeno è strettamente connesso al mercato del collezionismo che, praticato per lo più da esponenti della borghesia industriale e commerciale, ha preso il posto dell'antico mecenatismo e che costituisce l'aspetto moderno della ‛committenza'. Queste fondazioni infatti, nascono spesso per mano di quelli che potremmo definire quindi mecenati del XXI secolo, categoria che individua nel collezionista alto-borghese non più un disinteressato amatore, ma un operatore economico che vede nell'arte l'occasione di investimenti vantaggiosi e non soltanto di prestigio. Sempre più spesso infatti vediamo nomi di potenti industriali esponenti del “neomecenatismo”, affiancati a nomi di architetti di fama mondiale, dalla cui partnership nascono grandi interventi architettonici, grandiosi contenitori entro i quali esporre l’ingente patrimonio artistico collezionato nel tempo, messo generosamente a disposizione del pubblico come vettore educativo al fine di promuovere la cultura ed anche l’immagine del brand. Musei, eventi culturali e mostre diventano l'occasione per lanciare campagne informative e messaggi sociali. Basti pensare che tra i più eclatanti episodi di questo fenomeno troviamo la nuova Fondation Louis Vuitton accolta nel sedicesimo arrondissement di Parigi e progettata dal grande maestro americano Frank Gehry, oppure la famosissima Fondazione Prada opera di Rem Koohlaas per Milano, nata da un grande amore dei coniugi Prada-Bertelli, quello per l’arte, o sempre per l’Italia il magnifico progetto veneziano di recupero di Punta della Dogana con la firma di Tadao Ando per la Fondazione Francois Pinault, così come tantissime altre. Proprio la museologia e l’idea stessa del museo è stata ed è, in questi anni, motivo di dibattito e discussione: non si tratta solo di strategie di marketing, piuttosto è mutato a livello internazionale, il modo stesso di pensare lo spazio museale: dal progetto architettonico fino alle politiche espositive, agli allestimenti, alle tecniche di conservazione e quant’altro. In verità è il museo che si deve adeguare alle esigenze dell’arte contemporanea. L’Arte chiede spazi, e queste nuove fondazioni sono dunque inevitabilmente costrette ad interrogarsi e progettare spazi idonei ad accogliere le nuove espressioni artistiche dell’arte contemporanea. Il museo moderno deve essere innanzitutto egli stesso collezionista, collezionista di collezioni, diventare cioè contenitore idoneo ad accogliere i lasciti del grande collezionismo del XX secolo, i frutti di un periodo straordinario del mercato dell’arte che ha mutato anche la figura del collezionista. L’opera d’arte è un piacere estetico e intellettuale, realizza un appagamento dello spirito, ma oggi rappresenta anche un’occasione di investimento o un bene di rifugio. Le due grandi tendenze che si contrappongono nel corso del nostro secolo riflettono appunto l'alternativa tra una concezione dell'arte come bene economico privilegiato destinato ad un mercato di élite e una concezione dell'arte come fattore educativo di cui l'intera società dovrebbe potere fruire liberamente; Ed è proprio qui che intervengono le fondazioni private d’arte contemporanea, come sostenitori e promotori di attività culturali la cui missione è quella di avvicinare sempre di più il pubblico all’arte. L’obiettivo di questa tesi è quindi quello di accompagnarvi in un percorso attraverso la scoperta di queste nuove realtà, concentrando l’attenzione su quelle che hanno tenuto in grande considerazione l’aspetto architettonico, il contenitore stesso dell’arte, il guscio della collezione nel quale è stato riconosciuto un importante funzione comunicativa. Il percorso vuole illustrare le nuove fondazioni a partire dalle più piccole, ma non per questo meno rilevanti, alle più famose e chiacchierate, per arrivare a catalizzare l’attenzione sui due casi studio reputati più eclatanti di questa nuova realtà contemporanea: Fondazione Prada per Milano, e Foundation Louis Vuitton per Parigi.
Mecenatismo nel XXI sec. Le nuove fondazioni d'arte contemporanea
DI PUMPO, MARINA
2014/2015
Abstract
A war is being fought in the aesthetic world of contemporary art through private foundations and museums, whose projects are increasingly being entrusted to the brilliant minds of the "superstars" more disputes of the moment, to transform the way of life and culture by doing so create greater convergence between art, design and contemporary architecture. However, it is known as less and less funds are allocated by public agencies in favor of artistic and cultural initiatives; This has meant that recently a number of new "actors" have been joined by private, and in some cases replaced the public sector governance of cultural heritage, to try to solve problems, or at least not stop the energy of cultural production. Numerous Private Foundations of contemporary art from the relevant impact of art and architecture are emerging in major European cities in order to promote the most modern forms of art, alongside museum systems in existing public or private or compensating to serious injuries where there is a need as in the particular case of Milan, without a real museum of contemporary art. This phenomenon is closely connected to the collector market that, practiced mostly by members of the industrial and commercial bourgeoisie, has taken the place of the old patronage and that constitutes the modern look of the 'client'. These foundations in fact, are often born at the hands of those who could be called so patrons of the twenty-first century, class identifying the collector upper middle class no longer a disinterested amateur, but a trader who sees art as an opportunity for profitable investment and not only prestige. More and more often we see the names of powerful industrial leaders of "neomecenatismo", along with the names of world-famous architects, from which partnerships are born great architectural interventions, grandiose containers within which expose the huge artistic patrimony collected over time, generously made available to the public as a vehicle of education in order to promote the culture and the image of the brand. Museums, cultural events and exhibitions become an opportunity to launch information campaigns and social messages. Suffice it to say that the most egregious incidents of this phenomenon are the new Fondation Louis Vuitton received in the sixteenth arrondissement of Paris and designed by the great American master Frank Gehry, or the famous Prada Foundation by Rem Koohlaas for Milan, born from a love of spouses Prada-Bertelli, one for art, or ever for Italy the magnificent Venetian project recovery of Punta della Dogana with the signature of Tadao Ando for the Francois Pinault Foundation, as well as many others. Just museology and the very idea of the museum was and is, in recent years, a source of debate and discussion: it's not just marketing strategies, rather it is changed at the international level, the way we perceive the museum space: from architectural design to the political exhibition, the outfits, the conservation techniques and so on. Indeed, it is the museum that you must adapt to the needs of contemporary art. Art asks spaces, and these new foundations are therefore inevitably forced to question and design spaces designed to welcome the new artistic expressions of contemporary art. The modern museum needs only to be himself a collector, collector of collections, that is, become suitable container to receive the legacies of the great collectors of the twentieth century, the fruits of an extraordinary period in the art market that has changed the figure of the collector. The work of art is an aesthetic pleasure and intellectual, he realized a fulfillment of the spirit, but today is also an opportunity for investment or a safe haven. The two major trends that are opposed in the course of this century reflect precisely the choice between a conception of art as commodity privileged intended for a market of elite and a conception of art as an educational factor of which the whole society should be able to enjoy freely; It is here that involved private foundations of contemporary art, as supporters and promoters of cultural organization whose mission is to bring more and more of the public to art. The aim of this thesis is therefore to take you on a journey through the discovery of these new realities, focusing on those that have highly regarded the architectural appearance, the container art, shell collection which it has been recognized an important communicative function. The course aims to illustrate the new foundations from the smaller, but no less important, the most famous and chats, to get to attract the attention on the two case studies reputed most striking examples of this new contemporary reality: Fondazione Prada in Milan , and Louis Vuitton Foundation for Paris.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/116441