Charging stations for electric vehicles in Europe, Japan, China and US

In the face of energy crisis and nvironmental pollution problems in the world, all the countries in the world vigorously promote the development of electric vehicles. Electric vehicle charging infrastructure is the necessary infrastructure to the development of electric vehicles, the construction type, scale and operation mode directly restricts the development of electric vehicle industry. Because of the environment in various countries, the level of development of electric vehicles as well as the different concerns, the electric car commercial operation will also take a different mode of operation. So analysis the different charging system in detail, find out the differences between the countries of the charging system. The main contents of this thesis include the following aspects: Firstly, the charge and discharge characteristics of battery for electric vehicles and battery management technology are analyzed, then talk about the three charging modes of conventional charging, fast charging and battery replacement. Also compare the three different modes. Secondly, charging interface compared by countries, detailed account of the GB/T(China), CHAdeMO(Japan), SAE(America) and IEC(Europe) four standard charging interfaces. Also made a explanation with the variety of standard interfaces in a detailed definition. Thirdly, analyzed two kinds of electric charge in the process of information transmission: CAN bus communication and PLC communication, introduced two communication modes of information transmission and information layer, and a variety of advantages and disadvantages. At the same time also made examples with which kind of communication were used in each standard. Finally, summarized the full text, although the charging standards in different countries are different, if the big global automobile manufacturers want to open the market in some different regions, they must conform to the local national standards and regulations. So this paper may as a reference to the major automobile manufacturers.