Development and characterization of bio-based polyesters

The thesis presents a synthesis and characterization of different 100% bio-derivate polyesters for coil coating applications, considering as main component the Isosorbide and the Lignin; also is analyzed the behavior of the Tg on the isosorbide- based polyesters considering the addition of different additives such a nanoclay or the lignin. The Thesis was divided in 3 main sections: i) polyesters vs isosorbide, ii) polyester vs nanoclay and iii) polyester vs lignin. In the first section it was considered the synthesis of isosorbide-based polyesters, comparing their final properties to an industrial oil-based polyester. A characterization including DSC and GPC was done. Among the isosorbide-based polyesters that have a Tg lower than 10°C (for coil coating applications is recommended a Tg between 10 and 25°C) one was selected to analyze the behavior of the Tg with the addition of a nanoclay(ii). Two types of nanoclays were considered, the Dellite 72T and 43B. After the addition of the nanoclays a DSC was done to see the change of the Tg of the polyester, also an X-ray test was done to see if the nanoclay was exfoliated on the polyester. The lignin was considered in the second section, both as additive for an isosorbide-based polyester and as main component of a new polyester. On the first part was consider the addition of the lignin during the synthesis of the isosorbide-based polyester and the addition after the synthesis was done; a DSC was done to see the final Tg and a comparison of the two final polyesters was done. For the lignin added to the polyester after the synthesis an adhesion test was done to compare against a comercial primer. The second part was about preparation of a new polyester based on lignin and pripol 1009 a fatty acid dimerized and hydrogenated. It was considered different amounts ratios lignin-Pripol 1009 (LP) as 2:1, 5:1 and 8:1 also was considered the addition of an azeotropic solvent that has a minimum value with water in order to have more product. The unreacted pripol was removed with an addition of another solvent in order to have only product LP with lignin and finally it was done a deposition on glass surface to see if make a homogeneous layer compared against a deposition of lignin in glass.