Metal organic frameworks (MOFs), a subclass of coordination polymers, are hybrid, nanoporous, crystalline 3D structures made by organic ligands coordinated with metal ions. Shape and dimensions of pores can be tuned by using different building blocks, together with framework’s functionality. This possibility of tailoring properties represents the main reason why MOFs have known such a huge development during last years. From their discovery, they have shown a huge potential in various fields such as gas sorption, gas separation and catalysis, and also in the biomedical sector. Despite interest in electronics is rather limited, metal organic frameworks possess some interesting features, such as crystallinity and opportunity to form charge transfer complexes. In this context, this work aims at developing specifically designed ligands to address a directional charge transport within the framework. New pyridine-based MOF ligands have been synthetized to ensure good coordination with metal nodes and a central thiophene derivative. After their synthesis, characterization by NMR spectroscopy (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) and mass spectroscopy has been performed. Absorption and emission properties have been studied by means of UV-vis spectroscopy and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. Crystallization of the compounds has been performed by slow crystallization method and the crystalline materials have been analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). Reactions of the ligands with zinc iodide (ZnI2) through both kinetic and thermodynamic processes have been preliminarily carried out, yielding promising results towards the realization of novel crystalline MOFs. Further work is currently under progress.
I metal organic frameworks (MOFs) sono una sottocategoria di polimeri di coordinazione composta da strutture cristalline tridimensionali, ibride e nanoporose, assemblate tramite coordinazione di leganti organici con atomi o cluster metallici. La possibilità di variare forma e dimensione dei pori e di regolare le proprietà del reticolo semplicemente combinando elementi molecolari diversi è il principale motivo del grande sviluppo dei MOFs negli ultimi anni. Fin dalla loro scoperta, i MOFs hanno dimostrato grandi potenzialità in diversi campi di applicazione, come lo stoccaggio di gas, la separazione di miscele di gas e vari processi catalitici, e anche nel settore biomedico. D’altra parte, la ricerca sui possibili utilizzi per dispositivi elettronici è ancora agli albori, nonostante i MOFs presentino alcune caratteristiche particolarmente interessanti in quest’ottica, come il carattere cristallino e la possibilità di introdurre all’interno dei pori complessi con gruppi elettron-donatori o accettori. In questo contesto, lo scopo del presente lavoro è di sintetizzare nuovi leganti organici pensati per fornire un trasporto di carica direzionato all’interno del reticolo cristallino del MOF. Nuovi leganti sono state sintetizzati, con gruppi piridinici laterali al fine di sfruttare questi gruppi per la loro abilità di coordinare efficacemente gli ioni metallici e con un derivato tiofenico centrale. I prodotti sono stati caratterizzati tramite spettroscopia NMR (Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare) e spettrometria di massa. Inoltre, le proprietà elettroniche sono state analizzate mediante spettroscopia UV-visibile e di fluorescenza. I leganti sono stati cristallizzati tramite tecniche di cristallizzazione lenta e le polveri sono state analizzate mediante XRPD (Diffrazione a Raggi X di polveri). Per la produzione dei MOFs, diverse condizioni di reazione dei leganti organici con ioduro di zinco ZnI2 sono state provate, con risultati preliminari incoraggianti.
Towards metal organic frameworks for directional charge transport : design and synthesis of conjugated ligands
CORNO, ANDREA
2015/2016
Abstract
Metal organic frameworks (MOFs), a subclass of coordination polymers, are hybrid, nanoporous, crystalline 3D structures made by organic ligands coordinated with metal ions. Shape and dimensions of pores can be tuned by using different building blocks, together with framework’s functionality. This possibility of tailoring properties represents the main reason why MOFs have known such a huge development during last years. From their discovery, they have shown a huge potential in various fields such as gas sorption, gas separation and catalysis, and also in the biomedical sector. Despite interest in electronics is rather limited, metal organic frameworks possess some interesting features, such as crystallinity and opportunity to form charge transfer complexes. In this context, this work aims at developing specifically designed ligands to address a directional charge transport within the framework. New pyridine-based MOF ligands have been synthetized to ensure good coordination with metal nodes and a central thiophene derivative. After their synthesis, characterization by NMR spectroscopy (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) and mass spectroscopy has been performed. Absorption and emission properties have been studied by means of UV-vis spectroscopy and fluorescence emission spectroscopy. Crystallization of the compounds has been performed by slow crystallization method and the crystalline materials have been analyzed by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). Reactions of the ligands with zinc iodide (ZnI2) through both kinetic and thermodynamic processes have been preliminarily carried out, yielding promising results towards the realization of novel crystalline MOFs. Further work is currently under progress.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/122898