Modern footbridges, which are often designed focusing on their esthetic and lightness, have been arising a new type of concern in contemporary engineering. The new trend of realizing slender long span bridges leads to the possibility that the serviceability limit states for vibration are not satisfied. This outcome is due to the low stiffness and modal mass of these structures, whose range of natural frequencies often matches the dominant frequencies of the human-induced dynamic load. As a consequence, a resonant response of the structure can result, causing excessive vibrations of the footbridge. It is therefore required, when designing slender and light footbridges, to pay attention also to the dynamic behavior of the structure, which must guarantee the pedestrian comfort at the service stage. This thesis faces the issue of the human-structure interaction, focusing the attention initially to the measurement and the modelling of human induced forces, and to the vibration serviceability assessment according to the HiVoSS European guidelines. In the second part of the thesis the knowledge acquired on the subject is used for the analysis of the serviceability conditions of an existing footbridge, which is located in Cerro al Lambro, near Milan. The generation of a refined finite element model of the structure has allowed to accurately reproduce its dynamic behavior, that had been already investigated through experimental ambient vibration tests. Finally, the application of an harmonic simplified load model to represent crowd induced loading, as recommended by the HiVoSS guidelines, has allowed the assessment of the level of comfort, in terms of acceleration, under different loading scenarios.
Le passerelle ed i ponti pedonali, sempre più improntati all’estetica ed alla leggerezza, hanno introdotto una nuova problematica nell’ingegneria moderna. Il nuovo trend nel realizzare opere snelle a lunga campata comporta, infatti, il rischio del non soddisfacimento degli stati limite di esercizio per vibrazione. La motivazione è legata alla bassa rigidezza e massa modale offerte da questo nuovo tipo di costruzioni, le quali risultano essere caratterizzate da frequenze naturali che si ritrovano ad avvicinarsi alle frequenze delle forzanti indotte dai pedoni che camminano su di esse, andando spesso incontro al raggiungimento delle condizioni di risonanza. Risulta pertanto indispensabile, nella progettazione delle passerelle pedonali moderne, dedicare una profonda attenzione anche al comportamento dinamico della struttura, la quale deve garantire il comfort durante lo stato di esercizio. Il seguente elaborato di tesi mira ad affrontare il problema dell’interazione pedone-struttura, focalizzando inizialmente l’attenzione sulla misurazione e la modellazione delle forzanti umane e sulla valutazione del comfort secondo le linee guida europee HiVoSS. In secondo luogo le conoscenze acquisite vengono tradotte nell’analisi delle condizioni di servizio di una passerella ciclo-pedonale esistente, costruita in località Cerro al Lambro (Mi). La generazione di un modello agli elementi finiti ha permesso di riprodurre accuratamente il comportamento dinamico della struttura in esame, già oggetto di prove sperimentali. Infine, la simulazione del carico umano mediante un modello armonico semplificato, fornito dalle linee guida HiVoSS, ha consentito di valutare il comfort dell’opera, in termini di accelerazioni registrate sulla struttura, offerto durante il servizio.
Valutazione delle condizioni di servizio di una passerella pedonale
MALATESTA, EMANUELE
2015/2016
Abstract
Modern footbridges, which are often designed focusing on their esthetic and lightness, have been arising a new type of concern in contemporary engineering. The new trend of realizing slender long span bridges leads to the possibility that the serviceability limit states for vibration are not satisfied. This outcome is due to the low stiffness and modal mass of these structures, whose range of natural frequencies often matches the dominant frequencies of the human-induced dynamic load. As a consequence, a resonant response of the structure can result, causing excessive vibrations of the footbridge. It is therefore required, when designing slender and light footbridges, to pay attention also to the dynamic behavior of the structure, which must guarantee the pedestrian comfort at the service stage. This thesis faces the issue of the human-structure interaction, focusing the attention initially to the measurement and the modelling of human induced forces, and to the vibration serviceability assessment according to the HiVoSS European guidelines. In the second part of the thesis the knowledge acquired on the subject is used for the analysis of the serviceability conditions of an existing footbridge, which is located in Cerro al Lambro, near Milan. The generation of a refined finite element model of the structure has allowed to accurately reproduce its dynamic behavior, that had been already investigated through experimental ambient vibration tests. Finally, the application of an harmonic simplified load model to represent crowd induced loading, as recommended by the HiVoSS guidelines, has allowed the assessment of the level of comfort, in terms of acceleration, under different loading scenarios.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/124802