The recent development of innovative technologies related to Internet and mobile communication devices is generating unprecedented quantities of data and creating potential opportunities for unique applications. One of the most revolutionary aspects of recent years has been the spreading of social networks, which in a few years have reached more than a billion users. Having such a large number of users, social networks are slowly becoming a platform where you can find all kinds of information. In many cases, news are propagated on social networks much faster than in the official channels, also as people are often the first ones to perceive the occurring events they can act as eyewitnesses to any event and provide useful information. One area in which this phenomenon is particularly evolving substantially is disasters. Since during disasters the need for timely information is at highest, these networks can be helpful to collect and propagate the information rapidly and help the emergency responders to discover the best plan of actions. In this thesis our aim is to utilize the ability of social networks in data collection and propagation to help the transportation and emergency sector during disasters. By expanding use of mobile communication technologies and the Web, these systems would allow residents and responders to share information, communicate, and coordinate activities before, during, and after an event, by providing channels for contacting residents and responders for distributing information and facilitating assistance. We will also demonstrate the result of using such technologies during Katrina and Rita disaster in which these tools were not utilized and compare it to the scenario in which we use them.
Il recente sviluppo di tecnologie innovative legate ad internet e ai dispositivi di comunicazione mobile sta generando una quantità di dati senza precedenti e creando potenziali opportunità per applicazioni dedicate. Uno degli aspetti rivoluzionari dei recenti anni è stata la diffusione dei Social Networks, che in pochi anni hanno raggiunto più di un miliardo di utenti. Grazie ad un così elevato numero di utenti, i Social Networks stanno lentamente diventando una piattaforma su cui trovare tutti i tipi di informazione. In molti casi. le notizie si propagano sui Social Networks più velocemente rispetto ai canali ufficiali, così come le persone sono spesso le prime a essere testimoni di un evento e fornire utili informazioni. Un ambito in cui questo fenomeno è particolarmente in evoluzione è quella di eventi estremi. Dato che durante una catastrofe la necessità di informazioni tempestive è un elemento cruciale, queste reti possono essere utili per raccogliere e diffondere rapidamente informazioni e essere d'aiuto ai soccorritori per pianificare le azioni. L'obiettivo di questa tesi è di indagare l'utilità dei Social Networks nel raccogliere e divulgare informazioni per aiutare la gestione delle reti di trasporto in emergenza. Ampliando l'uso dei sistemi di comunicazione mobili e sul Web, queste tecnologie potrebbero consentire ai soccorritori e alla popolazione residente di condividere informazioni, comunicare e coordinare le attività durante e dopo un evento ed in questo modo facilitando l'assistenza alla popolazione. L'analisi dell' esperienza durante Katrina e Rita in cui queste tecnologie sono state utilizzate ci permette di confrontare l'efficacia di questi sistemi per la gestione delle reti di trasporto in emergenza.
Use of social networking tools in transport emergency issues
GHARRAIE, IMAN
2015/2016
Abstract
The recent development of innovative technologies related to Internet and mobile communication devices is generating unprecedented quantities of data and creating potential opportunities for unique applications. One of the most revolutionary aspects of recent years has been the spreading of social networks, which in a few years have reached more than a billion users. Having such a large number of users, social networks are slowly becoming a platform where you can find all kinds of information. In many cases, news are propagated on social networks much faster than in the official channels, also as people are often the first ones to perceive the occurring events they can act as eyewitnesses to any event and provide useful information. One area in which this phenomenon is particularly evolving substantially is disasters. Since during disasters the need for timely information is at highest, these networks can be helpful to collect and propagate the information rapidly and help the emergency responders to discover the best plan of actions. In this thesis our aim is to utilize the ability of social networks in data collection and propagation to help the transportation and emergency sector during disasters. By expanding use of mobile communication technologies and the Web, these systems would allow residents and responders to share information, communicate, and coordinate activities before, during, and after an event, by providing channels for contacting residents and responders for distributing information and facilitating assistance. We will also demonstrate the result of using such technologies during Katrina and Rita disaster in which these tools were not utilized and compare it to the scenario in which we use them.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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10402582-Iman Gharraie thesis.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/124843