The geographical scope of this research is the urban area, i.e. a densely populated area with high concentration of residential, commercial and recreational activities. Indeed, freight vehicles move on the same street used by private and public vehicles transporting people, significantly contributing to the city congestion and other environmental nuisances. Being aware of the negative side of urban mobility of goods and passenger, to some extent cities have tried to implement different initiatives that could bring social, environmental and economic benefits. Indeed, cities want to maintain and promote their mobility, sustainability and quality of life, while ensuring that urban freight and people transportation systems satisfy their needs in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. In this context, ITS (Intelligent Transportation Systems) and IoT (Internet of Things) technologies are offering a wide range of opportunities to different users, from travellers to transport operators and city governments, and so companies, which have to decide whether to adopt these new technologies, have a strong need to estimate ex ante all the potential costs and benefits that could arise from their implementation. However, despite the growing interest in these applications, there is still a lack of knowledge about the benefits that could be achieved and especially today do not exist structured approaches to support their assessment. The research conducted along this study is intended to fill this gap in order to propose directions for future studies. In particular, the objective of this thesis is twofold. First, it is to provide a classification’s framework of the main and actual innovations for the urban mobility, in order to highlight the main developing trends. Second, it is to design an integrated approach for urban Smart Mobility, by developing analytical and simulation models to show the potentialities of ITS and IoT technologies for both freight and passenger urban transportation and the benefits which can be jointly obtained in terms of time, operational costs and environmental impact.
L'ambito geografico di questa ricerca è l’area urbana, cioè una zona densamente popolata e caratterizzata da un’alta concentrazione di attività residenziali, commerciali e ricreative. In particolare, i veicoli di trasporto merci si muovono sulla stessa strada utilizzata dai veicoli privati e pubblici, contribuendo significativamente alla congestione della città e agli altri disturbi ambientali. Essendo consapevoli degli aspetti negativi generati dal movimento urbano delle merci e delle persone, alcune città hanno cercato di intraprendere diverse iniziative che potrebbero portare notevoli benefici sociali, ambientali ed economici. Le autorità infatti vogliono sia mantenere e promuovere la mobilità, la sostenibilità e la qualità della vita urbana sia garantire allo stesso tempo che i sistemi di trasporto urbano di merci e persone soddisfino le loro esigenze in termini di efficienza ed efficacia. In questo contesto, le tecnologie ITS (Sistemi di Trasporto Intelligenti) e IoT (Internet of Things) stanno offrendo una vasta gamma di opportunità a diversi utenti, dagli operatori di trasporto logistico fino agli amministratori comunali. Le aziende, che devono decidere se adottare queste nuove tecnologie, hanno quindi un forte bisogno di stimare ex ante tutti i potenziali costi e benefici che potrebbero derivare dalla loro adozione. Tuttavia, nonostante il crescente interesse per queste applicazioni, vi è ancora una mancanza di conoscenza dei benefici che si potrebbero ottenere e soprattutto oggi non esistono approcci strutturati per una loro valutazione. La ricerca condotta lungo questo studio si propone di colmare questa lacuna al fine di proporre indicazioni per gli studi futuri. In particolare, l'obiettivo di questa tesi è duplice. Il primo è quello di fornire un quadro di classificazione delle principali innovazioni usate oggi per il trasporto urbano, al fine di evidenziare le principali tendenze di sviluppo. Il secondo è quello di progettare un approccio integrato per la mobilità urbana, attraverso lo sviluppo e l’applicazione di un modello simulativo e un modello analitico che mostrano le potenzialità delle tecnologie ITS e IoT, sia per il trasporto delle merci che delle persone, e i benefici che si possono ottenere in termini di tempi, costi operativi ed impatto ambientale.
Smart urban mobility : simulation and analytical models to assess the benefits enabled by intelligent transportation systems
PALMESE, LAURA
2015/2016
Abstract
The geographical scope of this research is the urban area, i.e. a densely populated area with high concentration of residential, commercial and recreational activities. Indeed, freight vehicles move on the same street used by private and public vehicles transporting people, significantly contributing to the city congestion and other environmental nuisances. Being aware of the negative side of urban mobility of goods and passenger, to some extent cities have tried to implement different initiatives that could bring social, environmental and economic benefits. Indeed, cities want to maintain and promote their mobility, sustainability and quality of life, while ensuring that urban freight and people transportation systems satisfy their needs in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. In this context, ITS (Intelligent Transportation Systems) and IoT (Internet of Things) technologies are offering a wide range of opportunities to different users, from travellers to transport operators and city governments, and so companies, which have to decide whether to adopt these new technologies, have a strong need to estimate ex ante all the potential costs and benefits that could arise from their implementation. However, despite the growing interest in these applications, there is still a lack of knowledge about the benefits that could be achieved and especially today do not exist structured approaches to support their assessment. The research conducted along this study is intended to fill this gap in order to propose directions for future studies. In particular, the objective of this thesis is twofold. First, it is to provide a classification’s framework of the main and actual innovations for the urban mobility, in order to highlight the main developing trends. Second, it is to design an integrated approach for urban Smart Mobility, by developing analytical and simulation models to show the potentialities of ITS and IoT technologies for both freight and passenger urban transportation and the benefits which can be jointly obtained in terms of time, operational costs and environmental impact.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2016_12_Palmese.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/131321