Abstract Throughout the XX century, social housing has been the main tool, used by governments, to support social policies. These policies had to meet the growing demand to "have a home" generated by conditions of backwardness, poverty, substantial phenomena of population growth and a general situation of strong migration to the cities. At the same time social housing has been the main city planning and modern architecture experimentation fiel, providing examples and significant actions testifing the importance of one of the most revolutionary features of the XX century (Schiaffonati, 2005). New social housing settlements provided huge urban transformations between the Second World War and the late Seventies. After that, we can identify in Italy and Europe, a period of political and institutional deadlock which constrained an appropriate development of our cities, not fullfilling the urgent and specific enquiry of housing. Nowadays the subject of the housing, so long excluded from the interests of developers and politicians, especially in Italy, has once again become the subject of great attention. This is happening thanks both to new contemporary living needs (such as energetic and environmental sustainability), and to new policies for the most vulnerable social groups support. The deep social and political changes of the last ten years and the most recent economic crisis, have highlighted a number of shortcomings and deficiencies affecting a primary and inalienable asset like home. In Italy and Europe, although the diversity of the local situations, there are programs and social housing interventions, whose achievements have made it possible to start a critical reading of the building design and of the levels reached in techno-typological quality at the building and dwelling scale. The research will focus, through the reading of paradigmatic European cases study, on the analysis of the design and constructive choices at the building and dwelling scale in order to synthesize the virtuous elements and define the guidelines of residential "good design" in terms of usability, flexibility, maintainability and durability of the product itself. The objective is to define a assessment tool by defining a set of guidelines which will serve as checklists for the project control about perception, functional space, typological and technological aspects. It aims at defining a design support tool that can be helpful to identify weaknesses and potential of a new project and, at the same time, assess the quality of existing settlements.
Abstract Per tutto il XX secolo l’edilizia popolare ha rappresentato lo strumento principale utilizzato dalle amministrazioni pubbliche per sostenere politiche sociali atte a soddisfare il crescente fabbisogno di “avere una casa” generato da condizioni di arretratezza, povertà, consistenti fenomeni di incremento demografico e una generale situazione di inurbamento. Contemporaneamente l’abitazione popolare ha rappresentato il principale campo di sperimentazione dell’urbanistica e dell’ architettura moderna fornendo esempi e interventi significativi che testimoniano l’importanza assunta da una delle funzioni più rivoluzionarie del XX secolo (Schiaffonati, 2005). Dopo le grandi trasformazioni urbane dovute ai nuovi insediamenti di edilizia residenziale realizzati tra il secondo dopoguerra e la fine degli anni Settanta, segue in Italia, ma anche in tutta Europa, un periodo di generale inerzia politica e istituzionale che di fatto ha impedito un adeguato sviluppo delle nostre città, lasciando incompiuta una domanda di abitazione sempre più pressante e specifica. Oggi il tema della casa, così a lungo escluso dagli interessi di progettisti e amministratori soprattutto in Italia, è tornato ad essere oggetto di grande attenzione, sia in relazione all’emergere di nuovi quadri esigenziali nell’abitare contemporaneo - in primis quelli della sostenibilità energetica e ambientale -, sia con specifico riferimento al problema dell’intervento a sostegno delle fasce sociali più deboli. I profondi cambiamenti sociali e politici dell’ultimo decennio e la più recente crisi economica, hanno messo in evidenza una serie di inadeguatezze e mancanze che riguardano un bene primario e irrinunciabile come la casa. Pur nella diversità delle situazioni locali, in Italia e in tutta Europa si sono avviati programmi e interventi di edilizia residenziale sociale, le cui realizzazioni hanno reso possibile avviare una lettura critica finalizzata a verificare i livelli raggiunti sotto i profili della qualità tecno-tipologica alla scala dell’edificio e dell’alloggio. La ricerca intende concentrarsi, attraverso la lettura di casi studio paradigmatici europei, sull’analisi delle scelte progettuali e costruttive alla scala dell’edificio e dell’alloggio al fine di sintetizzare gli elementi virtuosi e definire delle linee guida della “buona progettazione” residenziale in termini di fruibilità, flessibilità, manutenibilità e durabilità del prodotto stesso. L’obiettivo è quello di definire uno strumento di verifica attraverso la definizione di una serie di linee guida (pensate come un manuale tecnico) che fungeranno da check list per il controllo del progetto suoi aspetti percettivi, spazio-funzionali, tecno-tipologici e tecnologico-costruttivi. Si intende quindi definire uno strumento di supporto alla progettazione che possa essere d’aiuto per individuare le debolezze e potenzialità di un progetto ex novo e al contempo valutare la qualità degli insediamenti esistenti.
SQC_Social Housing Quality Control. An assessment tool of techno-typological quality in social housing buildings and dwellings
FERRETTI, MARTA
Abstract
Abstract Throughout the XX century, social housing has been the main tool, used by governments, to support social policies. These policies had to meet the growing demand to "have a home" generated by conditions of backwardness, poverty, substantial phenomena of population growth and a general situation of strong migration to the cities. At the same time social housing has been the main city planning and modern architecture experimentation fiel, providing examples and significant actions testifing the importance of one of the most revolutionary features of the XX century (Schiaffonati, 2005). New social housing settlements provided huge urban transformations between the Second World War and the late Seventies. After that, we can identify in Italy and Europe, a period of political and institutional deadlock which constrained an appropriate development of our cities, not fullfilling the urgent and specific enquiry of housing. Nowadays the subject of the housing, so long excluded from the interests of developers and politicians, especially in Italy, has once again become the subject of great attention. This is happening thanks both to new contemporary living needs (such as energetic and environmental sustainability), and to new policies for the most vulnerable social groups support. The deep social and political changes of the last ten years and the most recent economic crisis, have highlighted a number of shortcomings and deficiencies affecting a primary and inalienable asset like home. In Italy and Europe, although the diversity of the local situations, there are programs and social housing interventions, whose achievements have made it possible to start a critical reading of the building design and of the levels reached in techno-typological quality at the building and dwelling scale. The research will focus, through the reading of paradigmatic European cases study, on the analysis of the design and constructive choices at the building and dwelling scale in order to synthesize the virtuous elements and define the guidelines of residential "good design" in terms of usability, flexibility, maintainability and durability of the product itself. The objective is to define a assessment tool by defining a set of guidelines which will serve as checklists for the project control about perception, functional space, typological and technological aspects. It aims at defining a design support tool that can be helpful to identify weaknesses and potential of a new project and, at the same time, assess the quality of existing settlements.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/132661