The recent global financial crisis has deeply changed monetary and fiscal policies of the most advanced economies. In this report, we will study the state of these two policies, fiscal and monetary, analyzing their behavior in a low growth and zero lower bound interest rates scenario. Analyzing their actions, we will classify the interactions between the two fiscal and monetary authorities in four different regimes, characterized by the active or passive behavior of each of the two policies. Subsequently, we will shape the European fiscal framework given by the Stability Growth Pact and we will understand which are the reasons that prevent the Italian government to use a fiscal policy that would help the country to reach more easily the inflation goal. Afterwards, we will conduct an analysis on the European Central Bank unconventional monetary policy, particularly we will study the quantitative easing. We will try to understand its implications on sovereign debt sustainability and on the total amount of savings on governments interest rates cost, which would free resources that could be well invested on fiscal initiatives. Finally, the report contains some specific suggestions needed for improving the flexibility already inside the Pact. All these suggestions aim at improving fiscal conditions for the European Union member states, in particular those with low growth and with debt sustainability problems. These countries would benefit from unbacked fiscal policies that would stimulate consumption which, in turn, would favor an increase in the general level of prices, which is the European Central Bank final objective indeed.
La recente crisi finanziaria globale ha cambiato profondamente le condizioni monetarie e fiscali delle economie più avanzate. In questo lavoro andremo a studiare lo stato delle due politiche, fiscali e monetarie, analizzando i loro comportamenti in uno scenario di bassa crescita e di tassi di interesse allo zero lower bound. Dall’analisi dei loro comportamenti e coadiuvati dalla letteratura sul tema andremo a classificare le interazioni tra le due autorità fiscali e monetarie, in quattro regimi differenti caratterizzati dal comportamento attivo o passivo di ognuna delle due politiche. Successivamente, contestualizzeremo l’analisi nello scenario Europeo del Patto di Stabilità e Crescita, definendo i suoi principi e comparando la situazione fiscale italiana con quanto richiesto dal Patto, evidenziando anche i motivi per cui la politica fiscale italiana abbia delle difficoltà nel poter assumere un comportamento che le consentirebbe di avvicinarsi più agevolmente al target del livello inflazionistico. Verrà eseguita quindi un’analisi della politica non convenzionale della Banca Centrale Europea, in particolar modo verrà studiato il quantitative easing dalla sua nascita fino alla sua situazione odierna, andando ad evidenziare i suoi effetti sulla politica fiscale e in particolar modo, la sua influenza sulla sostenibilità del debito pubblico e il risparmio in termini di interessi passivi pagati dai governi i quali possono così beneficiare di spazi più ampi di manovra fiscale. Infine il lavoro si conclude andando ad elencare alcune possibili soluzioni volte a migliorare la flessibilità già presente nel Patto di Stabilità e Crescita, in modo tale da poter aiutare tutti quegli Stati, in particolar modo quelli che ancora registrano bassa crescita e scarsa sostenibilità del debito, a far uso di politiche fiscali attive , in modo tale da poter favorire un rilancio dei consumi e quindi dell’inflazione, in modo da raggiungere quindi l’obbiettivo finale della Banca Centrale Europea.
Monetary and fiscal interactions : quantitative easing and debt sustainability
SANGIORGI, LUCA
2016/2017
Abstract
The recent global financial crisis has deeply changed monetary and fiscal policies of the most advanced economies. In this report, we will study the state of these two policies, fiscal and monetary, analyzing their behavior in a low growth and zero lower bound interest rates scenario. Analyzing their actions, we will classify the interactions between the two fiscal and monetary authorities in four different regimes, characterized by the active or passive behavior of each of the two policies. Subsequently, we will shape the European fiscal framework given by the Stability Growth Pact and we will understand which are the reasons that prevent the Italian government to use a fiscal policy that would help the country to reach more easily the inflation goal. Afterwards, we will conduct an analysis on the European Central Bank unconventional monetary policy, particularly we will study the quantitative easing. We will try to understand its implications on sovereign debt sustainability and on the total amount of savings on governments interest rates cost, which would free resources that could be well invested on fiscal initiatives. Finally, the report contains some specific suggestions needed for improving the flexibility already inside the Pact. All these suggestions aim at improving fiscal conditions for the European Union member states, in particular those with low growth and with debt sustainability problems. These countries would benefit from unbacked fiscal policies that would stimulate consumption which, in turn, would favor an increase in the general level of prices, which is the European Central Bank final objective indeed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2017_04_Sangiorgi.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/133372