The changes in morphology and activity in the hydrodesulfurization of thiophene were analysed when citric acid was added to Mo/SiO2 catalysts. Citric acid was used as chelating agent to prepare two series of MoS2 supported catalysts, dried and calcined respectively. Raman spectroscopy was utilized in order to probe the formation of molybdenum-citrate complexes on the support surface and investigate if the nature of these complexes was affected by different steps in the preparation procedure. Calcination in air results not a beneficial step in the preparation of catalysts since it leads to reduction in catalytic activity. CO adsorption followed by infrared spectroscopy characterization (IR/CO) was employed to investigate MoS2 slabs on these catalysts, specifically M-edge and S-edge. The morphology of MoS2 is modified by varying citric acid amount moving from a truncated shape with both M-edge and S-edge into an always more triangular with mainly M-edge. Furthermore, parallel between IR/CO study and activity test demonstrates that S-edge has a higher intrinsic activity than M-edge in thiophene hydrodesulfurization reaction so that the morphology change is of great importance to the evaluation of the catalytic performance.
Alcune importanti variazioni riguardanti la morfologia dei catalizzatori Mo/SiO2 e la loro attività nella reazione di idrodesolforazione del tiofene sono state analizzate aggiungendo acido citrico durante la preparazione del catalizzatore. L’ acido citrico è stato impiegato come agente chelante e il suo effetto è stato valutato per due serie di catalizzatori, rispettivamente serie “essiccata” e serie “calcinata”. La spettroscopia Raman ha consentito di verificare la formazione di complessi organo-metallici tra il molibdeno e l’acido citrico mantenuti integri anche dopo l’impregnazione del supporto. Tuttavia la calcinazione in aria della serie di catalizzatori rimuove completamente ogni tipologia di complesso vanificando i benefici apportati dall’ agente chelante sull’ attività catalitica. L’ adsorbimento di CO seguito dalla spettroscopia IR consente di studiare la fase attiva del catalizzatore, identificata in una struttura poligonale che esibisce due tipologie di siti attivi: lato M (molibdeno) e lato S (zolfo). La morfologia della fase attiva MoS2 viene modificata passando da una forma troncata che esibisce entrambi i lati M e S a una struttura triangolare con lato M predominante a seconda della quantità di acido citrico aggiunta. Inoltre, confrontando i risultati della spettroscopia IR con quelli provenienti dal test di attività sul tiofene risulta evidente che il lato S presenta un’attività intrinseca maggiore del lato M. Questo aspetto sottolinea ulteriormente l’importanza che riveste la variazione di morfologia dettata dall’ agente chelante sulla performance del catalizzatore.
Effect of citric acid addition on the activity and morphology of Mo/SiO2 catalysts in hydrodesulfurization process
BARBAGLI, MICHELE
2016/2017
Abstract
The changes in morphology and activity in the hydrodesulfurization of thiophene were analysed when citric acid was added to Mo/SiO2 catalysts. Citric acid was used as chelating agent to prepare two series of MoS2 supported catalysts, dried and calcined respectively. Raman spectroscopy was utilized in order to probe the formation of molybdenum-citrate complexes on the support surface and investigate if the nature of these complexes was affected by different steps in the preparation procedure. Calcination in air results not a beneficial step in the preparation of catalysts since it leads to reduction in catalytic activity. CO adsorption followed by infrared spectroscopy characterization (IR/CO) was employed to investigate MoS2 slabs on these catalysts, specifically M-edge and S-edge. The morphology of MoS2 is modified by varying citric acid amount moving from a truncated shape with both M-edge and S-edge into an always more triangular with mainly M-edge. Furthermore, parallel between IR/CO study and activity test demonstrates that S-edge has a higher intrinsic activity than M-edge in thiophene hydrodesulfurization reaction so that the morphology change is of great importance to the evaluation of the catalytic performance.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/134445