Lasem : The forgotten city Lasem is a small town located in Rembang, the north coast of Java Island, Indonesia. It is believed that it is the first place where the people of China arrived on the island of Java 200 years ago, whom later heavily settled and lived in the city. The evidence can be seen from the large number of Chinese-style building which has still contained in Lasem and here it is easily found the Chinese settlements. With an area of roughly 45.04 square kilometers and a population of 44.879 people, the city is really bringing the feel of traditional Chinese cultural influences. Lasem is a portrait of the early history of the township of great Chinese settlers which are assimilated with local residents. The inhabitant of the Lasem is a mix of Chinese and Javanese (indigenous people). The feeling of mutual understanding and communication also became the capital for cross cultural tolerance in a city. Tolerance means already compiled a human-human Lasem on today’s generation the inexorable by ethnicity. Perhaps also the high walls in Lasem is merely an alibi. Simply a marker that is sort of a small Chinese Lasem in Java. Whereas the city of Lasem is already melting the Eternal Tolerance. Lasem, is one of the most popular city which has produced batik since decades ago. The word batik originates from the Javanese tik that means to dot. The art of decorating cloth in this way which using wax and dye method, has been practised for centuries in Indonesia. In Java Island, batik is part of an ancient tradition, and some of the finest batik cloth in the world is still made here. There are numerous typical batik that are exclusively made only in Lasem. History is indeed very wide. Trace the intermingling of ethnic Chinese and Javanese still feels up to now in Lasem. Funnily enough, batik motif Lasem docking between two story store cultures : Chinese and Javanese. Beside its respected history about how the city was born and the community life, Lasem has kept a notorious past. The city was the center for opium trading, that making it known as Java’s opium funnel. The opium business created an agony for the natives who lived in the inner land, but at the same time it brought prosperity among the rich chinese who sold and got the profits from it. Starting from 1920s, there were several activist made campaign against the use of opium. Based on the book ‘Opium in Java’ by James R. Rush, the Indonesian organization and the dutch ethicist were trying to fight against the opium business. This action was also supported by the growing international movement at that period that against narcotics dealer, which was known as the American Hamilton Wright. The programs had been initiated which were designed to harness the apparatus of the state of curtail, and, eventually put an end of the opium habit. The Indonesian independence day in 1945 meant a starting point of Lasem toward declining. The first reason is the flowing of capitals to bigger cities such as Semarang and Surabaya, creates an urbanization to those provincial capital cities and hollows Lasem. The second reason which probably the most important reason was the Indonesian government regulation outlawing retail trade by aliens in rural areas on November 16, 1959 which caused an exodus of Chinese and their Javanese maid from Lasem. Today, Lasem Chinatown is only a history. Its chinese architecture which still stands there are artifact as a proof of history which is rejected and awaiting to be demolished in the next future. Lasem Chinatown is its formal architecture but no longer its living.
Lasem : La città dimenticata Lasem è una piccola cittadina del Rembang, situata sulla costa settentrionale dell’isola di Java (Indonesia). Si presume che fosse il punto dove i primi coloni cinesi arrivarono più di 200 anni fa per popolare questa regione di Java. Ancora al giorno d’oggi si trovano molte prove dell’influenza cinese, come ad esempio la grande quantità di costruzioni tradizionali ed il quartiere cinese. Con ca. 45 km2 e una popolazione di 45.000 abitanti, si nota facilmente un impatto della cultura cinese sulla città. Lasem è considerato un esempio tipico della storia più antica della comunità cinese che si è integrata nei secoli con la popolazione locale. Ne è risultata una multi-culturalità caratterizzata da tolleranza e comunicazione reciproca. Le mura che si trovano intorno al quartiere cinese sono in questo senso piuttosto una divisione spaziale che una vera divisione culturale, poiche’ Lasem è crogiuolo di diverse etnicità. Lasem è inoltre diventata da vari decenni uno dei posti più famosi per il batik, una tecnica usata per colorare i tessuti e altri oggetti. L’etimologia di batik è originaria dalla parola Javanese “tik” che significa “fare punti”. La tecnica di decorazione dei tessuti usando cera e tinte diverse fa parte del repertorio artistico indonesiano da secoli. A Java, il batik è parte di una tradizione antica, e ancora al giorno d’oggi le opere piu’ preziose prodotte attraverso questa tecnica provengono da questa regione. Alcuni variazioni del batik vengono esclusivamente applicate a Lasem. La ragione per questa specialita’ è il contatto fra cultura Javanese e Cinese. Oltre alla storia rispettata, esiste anche un passato più discusso di Lasem: la cittadina fu conosciuta come centro del traffico d’oppio su Java. Da una parte causò molta sofferenza per gli indigeni verso l’interno, dal’altra parte portò prosperità alla popolazione cinese che approffitava del narcotrafico. Dal 1920, sono state iniziate varie campagne contro il consumo d’oppio. Basandosi sul libro ‘Opium in Java’ di James R. Rush, c’erano da un lato alcune organizzazioni indonesiane e dall’altro anche rappresentanti olandesi. Tali iniziative avevano come obiettivo quello di ridurre il volume di traffico e distribuzione, per estirpare il consumo d’oppio dalla regione. Contemporaneamente emergeva il movimento internazionale American Hamilton Wright. L’independenza indonesiana nel 1945 ha marcato contemporaneamente l’inizio del declino per la città. Una ragione è stato il trasferimento di capitali verso altre città più grandi come Semarang e Surabaya, dove è iniziato un processo di urbanizzazione intensiva. Tuttavia più importante sembra essere stata la dichiarazione di illegalità promossa dal governo indonesiano contro il commercio straniero nelle zone rurali approvata il 16 novembre 1959. Infatti questa ha portato all’esodo della communità cinese da Lasem. Oggigiorno, il quartiere Chinatown di Lasem fa parte della storia. Gli esempi restanti di architettura cinese rappresentano una prova di una storia che è stata rifiutata dalla comunità e che verrà probabilmente demolita nel futuro prossimo. Il quartiere di Chinatown di Lasem è espressione formale, ma non più parte viva della città.
Lasem. The forgotten city
MADUMA, HADRIAN ANDREAS TOMBAK
2016/2017
Abstract
Lasem : The forgotten city Lasem is a small town located in Rembang, the north coast of Java Island, Indonesia. It is believed that it is the first place where the people of China arrived on the island of Java 200 years ago, whom later heavily settled and lived in the city. The evidence can be seen from the large number of Chinese-style building which has still contained in Lasem and here it is easily found the Chinese settlements. With an area of roughly 45.04 square kilometers and a population of 44.879 people, the city is really bringing the feel of traditional Chinese cultural influences. Lasem is a portrait of the early history of the township of great Chinese settlers which are assimilated with local residents. The inhabitant of the Lasem is a mix of Chinese and Javanese (indigenous people). The feeling of mutual understanding and communication also became the capital for cross cultural tolerance in a city. Tolerance means already compiled a human-human Lasem on today’s generation the inexorable by ethnicity. Perhaps also the high walls in Lasem is merely an alibi. Simply a marker that is sort of a small Chinese Lasem in Java. Whereas the city of Lasem is already melting the Eternal Tolerance. Lasem, is one of the most popular city which has produced batik since decades ago. The word batik originates from the Javanese tik that means to dot. The art of decorating cloth in this way which using wax and dye method, has been practised for centuries in Indonesia. In Java Island, batik is part of an ancient tradition, and some of the finest batik cloth in the world is still made here. There are numerous typical batik that are exclusively made only in Lasem. History is indeed very wide. Trace the intermingling of ethnic Chinese and Javanese still feels up to now in Lasem. Funnily enough, batik motif Lasem docking between two story store cultures : Chinese and Javanese. Beside its respected history about how the city was born and the community life, Lasem has kept a notorious past. The city was the center for opium trading, that making it known as Java’s opium funnel. The opium business created an agony for the natives who lived in the inner land, but at the same time it brought prosperity among the rich chinese who sold and got the profits from it. Starting from 1920s, there were several activist made campaign against the use of opium. Based on the book ‘Opium in Java’ by James R. Rush, the Indonesian organization and the dutch ethicist were trying to fight against the opium business. This action was also supported by the growing international movement at that period that against narcotics dealer, which was known as the American Hamilton Wright. The programs had been initiated which were designed to harness the apparatus of the state of curtail, and, eventually put an end of the opium habit. The Indonesian independence day in 1945 meant a starting point of Lasem toward declining. The first reason is the flowing of capitals to bigger cities such as Semarang and Surabaya, creates an urbanization to those provincial capital cities and hollows Lasem. The second reason which probably the most important reason was the Indonesian government regulation outlawing retail trade by aliens in rural areas on November 16, 1959 which caused an exodus of Chinese and their Javanese maid from Lasem. Today, Lasem Chinatown is only a history. Its chinese architecture which still stands there are artifact as a proof of history which is rejected and awaiting to be demolished in the next future. Lasem Chinatown is its formal architecture but no longer its living.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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2017_07_Hadrian Andreas Tombak Maduma_01.pdf
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Descrizione: Thesis Drawing
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48.25 MB
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2017_07_Hadrian Andreas Tombak Maduma_02.pdf
solo utenti autorizzati dal 14/07/2018
Descrizione: Thesis Booklet
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23.27 MB
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Adobe PDF
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23.27 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/134700