This thesis explores the importance of specialized press in the circulation of models, actors and knowledge in the shaping of professional culture. Use of architectural magazines as a medium for circulation of knowledge constitutes the central core of the research. Accumulation of years of knowledge which was published on the journal provides a deep understanding of the period. In this thesis, Turkish Urban and Architectural Culture is investigated from the eyes of Arkitekt (1931-1980) and Mimarlık (1963-). Arkitekt as the first long term publication on architecture in Turkish History and Mimarlık as the institutional journal of Chamber of Architects were the two written source of media for professional education. The main objective of the research was to focus on a period which is significant in the history due to politic, socio-economic and cultural changes. Another point was to take a step out from the existing literature on selected period and read the debate through the eyes of professionals who wrote articles on the journal. The aim was to arrive to a point where a complete map of theoretical discussions is generated through the study of primary and secondary sources related to the selected period. Due to these objectives, a time span between 1950 and 1973 was chosen. During the research, Arkitekt was taken as a primary source for the period of 1950 to 1962 whereas Mimarlık was the source for the period between 1963 and 1973. Considering the military coup of 1960 as a political key event, the shift from Arkitekt to Mimarlık as a primary source aims to show their distinct publication policies in the period of study. Detailed elaboration of the content of journals led to the formation of chapters. Chapters were composed of topics which were either widely discussed both in primary and secondary resources or they were completely missed out by the existing literature. Hence, chapters were articulated through the overlapping of large amount of written resources or it was composed of passionate discussions or strong opinions of writers published on the journal. The result of the research aims to show the complexity of the selected period. Starting from 1950, simplicity of debates is evident in Arkitekt. In the following years professional culture evolves and articles in the journals gain a strong character. Journals become a medium of discussions not only related to architecture but also to politics, economy, culture and education. Emergence of a class of well educated architects and intellectuals reveal themselves in early 70s in the plurality of ideas regarding architecture and urbanism. Therefore, a collective study on the 20 years of professional culture puts forth the educational background that is behind the economic and educational opening which took place in the following years.
Questa tesi esplora l’importanza della stampa specializzata nella circolazione di modelli, attori e conoscenze nella formazione della cultura professionale. L’uso delle riviste architettoniche come mezzo per la circolazione delle conoscenze costituisce il nucleo centrale della ricerca. L’accumulazione di anni di conoscenza che è stata pubblicata sulla rivista fornisce una profonda comprensione del periodo. In questa tesi, la cultura turca urbana e architettonica viene studiata dagli occhi di Arkitekt (1931-1980) e di Mimarlık (1963-). Arkitekt come la prima pubblicazione a lungo termine sull’architettura in storia turca e Mimarlık come giornale istituzionale della Camera degli Architetti sono stati due fonti scritte di media per l’istruzione professionale. L’obiettivo principale della ricerca era quello di concentrarsi su un periodo significativo nella storia dovuto ai cambiamenti politici, socio-economici e culturali. Un altro punto era quello di prendere un passo dalla letteratura esistente in un determinato periodo e leggere il dibattito attraverso gli occhi di professionisti che hanno scritto articoli sul giornale. L’obiettivo era arrivare ad un punto in cui si sviluppa una mappa completa di discussioni teoriche attraverso lo studio delle fonti primarie e secondarie relative al periodo selezionato. A causa di questi obiettivi, è stato scelto un periodo di tempo tra il 1950 e il 1973. Durante la ricerca, Arkitekt è stato considerato una fonte primaria per il periodo 1950-1964, mentre Mimarlık era la fonte per il periodo tra il 1963 e il 1973. Considerato il colpo di stato militare del 1960 come un evento chiave politico, il passaggio da Arkitekt a Mimarlık come Una fonte primaria mira a mostrare le proprie politiche di pubblicazione distinte nel periodo di studio. L’elaborazione dettagliata del contenuto delle riviste ha portato alla formazione di capitoli. I capitoli sono stati composti da argomenti che sono stati ampiamente discussi sia nelle risorse primarie che secondarie o sono state totalmente perse dalla letteratura esistente. Quindi i capitoli sono stati articolati attraverso la sovrapposizione di una grande quantità di risorse scritte o è stata composta da discussioni appassionate o da forti opinioni degli scrittori pubblicati sulla rivista. Il risultato della ricerca è quello di mostrare la complessità del periodo selezionato. A partire dal 1950, la semplicità dei dibattiti è evidente in Arkitekt. Negli anni successivi si evolve la cultura professionale e gli articoli nei giornali ottengono un carattere forte. Le riviste diventano un mezzo di discussioni non solo legate all’architettura, ma anche alla politica, all’economia, alla cultura e all’istruzione. L’emergere di una classe di architetti e intellettuali ben educati si rivelano nei primi anni ‘70 nella pluralità di idee riguardanti l’architettura e l’urbanismo. Pertanto, uno studio collettivo sui 20 anni di cultura professionale mette in evidenza lo sfondo educativo che sta dietro l’apertura economica e formativa che si è svolta nei successivi anni.
Shaping professional culture in Turkish Republic : the role of specialized press, from Arkitekt (1950-1962) to Mimarlik (1962-1973)
SENER, GAYE
2016/2017
Abstract
This thesis explores the importance of specialized press in the circulation of models, actors and knowledge in the shaping of professional culture. Use of architectural magazines as a medium for circulation of knowledge constitutes the central core of the research. Accumulation of years of knowledge which was published on the journal provides a deep understanding of the period. In this thesis, Turkish Urban and Architectural Culture is investigated from the eyes of Arkitekt (1931-1980) and Mimarlık (1963-). Arkitekt as the first long term publication on architecture in Turkish History and Mimarlık as the institutional journal of Chamber of Architects were the two written source of media for professional education. The main objective of the research was to focus on a period which is significant in the history due to politic, socio-economic and cultural changes. Another point was to take a step out from the existing literature on selected period and read the debate through the eyes of professionals who wrote articles on the journal. The aim was to arrive to a point where a complete map of theoretical discussions is generated through the study of primary and secondary sources related to the selected period. Due to these objectives, a time span between 1950 and 1973 was chosen. During the research, Arkitekt was taken as a primary source for the period of 1950 to 1962 whereas Mimarlık was the source for the period between 1963 and 1973. Considering the military coup of 1960 as a political key event, the shift from Arkitekt to Mimarlık as a primary source aims to show their distinct publication policies in the period of study. Detailed elaboration of the content of journals led to the formation of chapters. Chapters were composed of topics which were either widely discussed both in primary and secondary resources or they were completely missed out by the existing literature. Hence, chapters were articulated through the overlapping of large amount of written resources or it was composed of passionate discussions or strong opinions of writers published on the journal. The result of the research aims to show the complexity of the selected period. Starting from 1950, simplicity of debates is evident in Arkitekt. In the following years professional culture evolves and articles in the journals gain a strong character. Journals become a medium of discussions not only related to architecture but also to politics, economy, culture and education. Emergence of a class of well educated architects and intellectuals reveal themselves in early 70s in the plurality of ideas regarding architecture and urbanism. Therefore, a collective study on the 20 years of professional culture puts forth the educational background that is behind the economic and educational opening which took place in the following years.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/134722