This paper seeks to transversely compare some urban centres located close to important oil plays that have seen a considerable development over the last decade due to the boom of unconventional oils (shale oil and bitumen). In the first part of the dissertation, it will be addressed the urban history and the extractive activity of some areas of the United States that have undergone radical transformations following the discovery, in the surrounding areas, of major oil reserves. The booms of Western Pennsylvania, Eastern Oklahoma, California, and the ones of Texas will be analysed. In the end of the chapter, an appendix will wrap up this first part of the dissertation by identifying four ideal-typical configurations (linear development, contraction, explosion, and disappearance) to subdivide the analysed oil boomtowns. In the second chapter, it will be analysed the impact of the improvement of the technologies used in the oil extraction industry in the last decade and the consequent boom of unconventional oils in both the USA and Canada. After some considerations, it will be seen if there are cities that have seen substantial urban, demographic and economic growth as a result of these oil booms and if there are similarities between them that can justify a comparison. The third chapter of the thesis will cross-examine the four case studies using five key-words: trajectories, urban patterns, networks, imprints and powers. The first of them, trajectories, will give a brief account of the recent history of each case-study, while the second key-word, urban patterns, will investigate the urban typologies that characterize the four case studies, seeking the possible presence of patterns specific of oil boomtowns. In the third paragraph, networks, it will be investigated the different networks that cross or originate in the four case studies, such as roads, railways, oil pipelines and air links. With the fourth key-word, imprints, it will be referred to a series of consequences, both physical and non-physical, resulting from intensive exploitation of oil resources in the four case studies. The last key-word, powers, and will analyse both the political profile and the major employers of the four case studies. In conclusion, a short political and economic consideration will project the four case studies into a global strategic vision.
Questo elaborato intende confrontare trasversalmente alcuni centri urbani, situati in prossimità di importanti giacimenti petroliferi che nell’ultimo decennio hanno visto un considerevole sviluppo a seguito del boom estrattivo dei petroli non convenzionali. Nella prima parte della tesi si affronterà la storia urbana e dell’attività estrattiva di alcune aree degli Stati Uniti che hanno subito radicali trasformazioni a seguito della scoperta in situ di importanti riserve petrolifere. Si analizzeranno i boom della Pennsylvania occidentale, dell’Oklahoma orientale, della California e quelli texani. In chiusura di capitolo un’appendice tirerà le file del discorso individuando quattro configurazioni ideal-tipiche (sviluppo lineare, contrazione, esplosione e scomparsa) con cui suddividere le boomtowns petrolifere appena analizzate. Nel secondo capitolo si analizzerà l’impatto provocato dal miglioramento, nell’ultimo decennio, delle tecnologie impiegate nell’industria estrattiva petrolifera e conseguente boom degli olii non convenzionali sia negli USA che in Canada. Fatte le dovute considerazioni si vedrà infine se vi sono città che hanno visto una consistente crescita urbana, demografica e economica a seguito di questi boom energetici e se vi sono somiglianze tra di loro che possano giustificarne un confronto. Il terzo capitolo della tesi, analizzerà trasversalmente i quattro casi di studio attraverso l’impiego di cinque parole chiave: traiettorie, pattern urbani, reti, impronte e poteri. La prima di esse, traiettorie, traccerà un breve resoconto della storia recente di ciascun caso-studio, mentre la seconda parola chiave, pattern urbani, indagherà le tipologie insediative che caratterizzano i quattro casi di studio, ricercando l’eventuale presenza di pattern tipici delle boomtowns petrolifere. Nel terzo paragrafo, reti, si indagheranno i differenti networks che attraversano o hanno origine nei quattro casi di studio, quali strade, ferrovie, oleodotti e collegamenti aerei. Con la quarta parola chiave, impronte, si farà riferimento ad una serie di conseguenze, fisiche e non, derivanti dallo sfruttamento intensivo delle risorse petrolifere nei quattro casi di studio. L’ultima parola – chiave individuata sarà poteri e con essa si farà riferimento sia al profilo politico che ai major employers dei quattro casi-studio. In conclusione una breve riflessione in chiave geopolitica ed economica proietterà i quattro casi di studio in una dinamica strategica.
L'urbano petrolifero
MAZZALI, LUCA
2016/2017
Abstract
This paper seeks to transversely compare some urban centres located close to important oil plays that have seen a considerable development over the last decade due to the boom of unconventional oils (shale oil and bitumen). In the first part of the dissertation, it will be addressed the urban history and the extractive activity of some areas of the United States that have undergone radical transformations following the discovery, in the surrounding areas, of major oil reserves. The booms of Western Pennsylvania, Eastern Oklahoma, California, and the ones of Texas will be analysed. In the end of the chapter, an appendix will wrap up this first part of the dissertation by identifying four ideal-typical configurations (linear development, contraction, explosion, and disappearance) to subdivide the analysed oil boomtowns. In the second chapter, it will be analysed the impact of the improvement of the technologies used in the oil extraction industry in the last decade and the consequent boom of unconventional oils in both the USA and Canada. After some considerations, it will be seen if there are cities that have seen substantial urban, demographic and economic growth as a result of these oil booms and if there are similarities between them that can justify a comparison. The third chapter of the thesis will cross-examine the four case studies using five key-words: trajectories, urban patterns, networks, imprints and powers. The first of them, trajectories, will give a brief account of the recent history of each case-study, while the second key-word, urban patterns, will investigate the urban typologies that characterize the four case studies, seeking the possible presence of patterns specific of oil boomtowns. In the third paragraph, networks, it will be investigated the different networks that cross or originate in the four case studies, such as roads, railways, oil pipelines and air links. With the fourth key-word, imprints, it will be referred to a series of consequences, both physical and non-physical, resulting from intensive exploitation of oil resources in the four case studies. The last key-word, powers, and will analyse both the political profile and the major employers of the four case studies. In conclusion, a short political and economic consideration will project the four case studies into a global strategic vision.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/134842