In the last decade, consumers´ awareness of food products´ quality and safety has greatly increased. Consequently, the future food processing technologies need to satisfy the demand for high quality and fresh-like products, also considering a continuously growing population. Conventional thermal treatments for controlling spoilage and safety issues often strongly affect the nutritive components of natural products, thus they cannot meet the growing demand for food that is convenient and perceived as fresh. In this context Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma (CAPP) processing has shown the potential to efficiently inactivate undesirable microorganisms on heat-sensitive foods. Cold plasma technology has been already applied in the nonfood sector for decontamination of heat-sensitive materials. In the present work a process was developed to produce dried oregano, that is microbiologically stable and that preserves as much as possible the fresh product´s properties. Conventional drying of the herb was performed in a convective air circulation drying oven at three different low temperatures (50°C, 55°C and 60°C) and the influence on selected quality parameters was analysed. Moisture content of the dried samples was below 12 %, as required by market specifications. The downstream CAPP plasma treatment was carried out with a Diffuse Coplanar Surface Barrier Discharge (DCSBD) plasma source and two different process gas mixtures (air and 80% CO2+20%O2). The effects of plasma processing on the native microbial load and on selected parameters of dried oregano were then investigated. The total polyphenols content of oregano dried at the lowest temperatures (50°C and 55°C) was not strongly reduced after the two treatments. Moreover, in the samples dried at these temperatures, a higher microbial inactivation was achieved compared to the obtained values in samples dried at 60 ° C. Therefore, an alternative production line which couples a mild thermal treatment to the cold plasma decontamination processing is proposed.
Nell'ultimo decennio l´attenzione dei consumatori alla qualità e alla sicurezza dei prodotti alimentari è notevolmente aumentata. Di conseguenza le future tecnologie all´interno dell´industria alimentare dovranno soddisfare la richiesta di prodotti freschi di alta qualità, da parte di una popolazione in continua crescita. I trattamenti termici convenzionali per la gestione e il controllo della sicurezza dei cibi, spesso impattano fortemente sulle componenti nutritive dei prodotti naturali, pertanto non possono soddisfare la crescente domanda di alimenti che siano convenienti e percepiti come freschi. In questo contesto la tecnologia al plasma freddo a pressione atmosferica (CAPP) ha dimostrato il potenziale di inattivare in modo efficiente la carica microbica su alimenti sensibili al calore. La tecnologia al plasma a freddo è già stata applicata nel settore non alimentare per la decontaminazione di materiali sensibili al calore. Nel presente lavoro è stato sviluppato un processo per la produzione di origano secco, che sia microbiologicamente stabile e che mantenga il piú possibile le proprietá del prodotto fresco. L'essiccamento convenzionale dell'erba è stata effettuata in un forno essiccatore a circolazione convettiva a tre diverse temperature di trattamento "relativamente basse" (50 ° C, 55 ° C e 60 ° C). É stata quindi analizzata l'influenza della temperatura di processo, su parametri qualitativi selezionati. L´umiditá finale dei campioni essiccati era inferiore al 12%, come richiesto dalle specifiche di mercato. Il trattamento al plasma a valle dell´essiccamento, è stato effettuato con una una sorgente Diffuse Coplanar Surface Barrier Discharge (DCSBD) e due diverse miscele di gas di processo (aria e 80% CO2 + 20% di O2). Sono stati quindi studiati gli effetti di questo processo sulla carica microbica e sui parametri qualitativi dell'origano secco. Il contenuto totale di polifenoli dell'origano essiccato alle temperature più basse (50 ° C e 55 ° C) non è stato fortemente ridotto in seguito ai due trattamenti. Nei campioni essiccati a queste temperature, inoltre, è stata raggiunta una più alta inattivazione microbica rispetto ai valori raggiunti nei campioni essiccati a 60°C. Pertanto, si propone una linea di produzione alternativa che combini un trattamento termico blando al processo di decontaminazione al plasma freddo.
Effect of drying temperature on selected product parameters of oregano and downstream cold atmospheric pressure plasma processing for microbial inactivation
BRAVIN, ROBERTA
2016/2017
Abstract
In the last decade, consumers´ awareness of food products´ quality and safety has greatly increased. Consequently, the future food processing technologies need to satisfy the demand for high quality and fresh-like products, also considering a continuously growing population. Conventional thermal treatments for controlling spoilage and safety issues often strongly affect the nutritive components of natural products, thus they cannot meet the growing demand for food that is convenient and perceived as fresh. In this context Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma (CAPP) processing has shown the potential to efficiently inactivate undesirable microorganisms on heat-sensitive foods. Cold plasma technology has been already applied in the nonfood sector for decontamination of heat-sensitive materials. In the present work a process was developed to produce dried oregano, that is microbiologically stable and that preserves as much as possible the fresh product´s properties. Conventional drying of the herb was performed in a convective air circulation drying oven at three different low temperatures (50°C, 55°C and 60°C) and the influence on selected quality parameters was analysed. Moisture content of the dried samples was below 12 %, as required by market specifications. The downstream CAPP plasma treatment was carried out with a Diffuse Coplanar Surface Barrier Discharge (DCSBD) plasma source and two different process gas mixtures (air and 80% CO2+20%O2). The effects of plasma processing on the native microbial load and on selected parameters of dried oregano were then investigated. The total polyphenols content of oregano dried at the lowest temperatures (50°C and 55°C) was not strongly reduced after the two treatments. Moreover, in the samples dried at these temperatures, a higher microbial inactivation was achieved compared to the obtained values in samples dried at 60 ° C. Therefore, an alternative production line which couples a mild thermal treatment to the cold plasma decontamination processing is proposed.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/135639