Motives and purpose of the study: Lean Manufacturing represents a complex socio-technical system where both technical and social practices should be consistently implemented and integrated in order to foster a Continuous Improvement culture. Extant literature provides strong evidence that, despite initial gains in operational performances due to the implementation of the most common and well-established Lean techniques, the great majority of the companies approaching Lean Manufacturing fail in achieving sustainable outcomes in the long term, and most of them eventually come back to their traditional way of doing business. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the role played by the human factor in fostering the establishment of a Sustainable Continuous Improvement environment. Design/methodology: starting from a rigorous review of the outstanding literature we developed a comprehensive framework including all the relevant “soft” practices related to Lean Manufacturing, with the aim of understanding their priority towards the achievement of Lean Sustainability as well as to examine their relationships. We translated the outcomes of our literature review into a set of 15 Critical Success Factors (CSF) for which a concise operational definition has been developed. In order to validate our theoretical framework, we decided to use the DEMATEL methodology, which has been implemented by submitting questionnaires to expert practitioners in the field of Lean Management coming from several industrial sectors and from consultancy firms. Findings: the research demonstrated that employee engagement and a self-directed bottom-up approach to Lean introduction are essential aspects towards the achievement of Lean sustainability. Moreover, it is also essential the role played by the top management and “Lean Leaders”, that can rely on powerful leverages to foster employee participation such as training, communication, Kaizen events and the establishment of more pleasant working conditions. It is also demonstrated the role of external consultants as facilitators during the transition to Lean Management.
Motivi e obiettivi della ricerca: la Lean Manufacturing rappresenta un complesso Sistema socio-tecnico nel quale sia gli aspetti tecnici che sociali devono essere coerentemente integrati ed implementati in modo da favorire una cultura di Continuous Improvement. La letteratura in materia evidenzia che, nonostante i benefici iniziali in termini di performance operative dovute all’adozione dei più conosciuti strumenti della Lean, la maggior parte delle aziende che cercano di implementare tali tecniche falliscono nell’ottenere risultati soddisfacenti nel lungo periodo, e molte di queste tornano al loro modo tradizionale di lavorare. In tale contesto, l’obiettivo di questa ricerca è quello di investigare il ruolo del “fattore umano” nel favorire la realizzazione di un ambiente di Continuous Improvement che sia sostenibile nel lungo periodo. Metodologia: a partire da una rigorosa analisi della letteratura abbiamo sviluppato un ampio framework che include tutte le pratiche “soft” relative alla Lean Manufacturing, con l’obiettivo di investigare il loro livello di priorità nel garantire la sostenibilità e di esaminare le relazioni esistenti tra di esse. Abbiamo quindi tradotto l’output dell’analisi della letteratura in un gruppo di 15 Critical Success Factors (CSF) per i quali abbiamo sviluppato una concisa definizione operativa. Per validare il nostro framework abbiamo adottato la tecnica DEMATEL, che è stata implementata sottoponendo un questionario a professionisti esperti in ambito Lean Management, provenienti da diversi settori industriali e da società di consulenza. Risultati: la ricerca ha dimostrato che un profondo coinvolgimento degli impiegati e un approccio all’introduzione della Lean basato sulla partecipazione dal basso di tutto il personale sono gli aspetti essenziali per garantire il raggiungimento della sostenibilità. Inoltre, risulta essenziale il ruolo del top management e dei “Lean Leaders”, che possono fare affidamento su una serie di leve per incentivare la partecipazione degli impiegati come il training, la comunicazione, l’organizzazione di eventi Kaizen e l’instaurazione di un ambiente lavorativo più piacevole e sicuro per gli operai. Infine, è stato anche dimostrato il ruolo dei consulenti esterni come facilitatori nella fase di transizione che porta all’introduzione della Lean Manufacturing.
Lean implementation and sustainable continuous improvement : investigating the role of soft practices in achieving long-term sustainability
LISPI, LEONARDO;LISELLA, STEFANO
2016/2017
Abstract
Motives and purpose of the study: Lean Manufacturing represents a complex socio-technical system where both technical and social practices should be consistently implemented and integrated in order to foster a Continuous Improvement culture. Extant literature provides strong evidence that, despite initial gains in operational performances due to the implementation of the most common and well-established Lean techniques, the great majority of the companies approaching Lean Manufacturing fail in achieving sustainable outcomes in the long term, and most of them eventually come back to their traditional way of doing business. Therefore, the purpose of this dissertation is to investigate the role played by the human factor in fostering the establishment of a Sustainable Continuous Improvement environment. Design/methodology: starting from a rigorous review of the outstanding literature we developed a comprehensive framework including all the relevant “soft” practices related to Lean Manufacturing, with the aim of understanding their priority towards the achievement of Lean Sustainability as well as to examine their relationships. We translated the outcomes of our literature review into a set of 15 Critical Success Factors (CSF) for which a concise operational definition has been developed. In order to validate our theoretical framework, we decided to use the DEMATEL methodology, which has been implemented by submitting questionnaires to expert practitioners in the field of Lean Management coming from several industrial sectors and from consultancy firms. Findings: the research demonstrated that employee engagement and a self-directed bottom-up approach to Lean introduction are essential aspects towards the achievement of Lean sustainability. Moreover, it is also essential the role played by the top management and “Lean Leaders”, that can rely on powerful leverages to foster employee participation such as training, communication, Kaizen events and the establishment of more pleasant working conditions. It is also demonstrated the role of external consultants as facilitators during the transition to Lean Management.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/137147