Photo-electrochemical water splitting consists in the production of hydrogen from water using sunlight and specialized semiconductors called photo-electrochemical materials, which use light energy to directly dissociate water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. The most used material in the water splitting process is titanium dioxide (TiO2); however the conversion efficiencies are still very low due to the fast electron-hole recombination and a low adsorption on the visible range. Different solutions are proposed to overcome these drawbacks, such as the use of TiO2 nanostructures, the developing of hybrid materials (TiO2/metal nanoparticles) or the use of sacrificial reagents in the electrolyte solution. The purpose of this thesis work was to study the photocatalytic activity of innovative photo-anodes prepared by gold nanoparticles added to TiO2 nanostructures in different configurations. The TiO2 nanostructures were prepared by the Pulsed Laser Deposition technique (PLD), while the Au nanoparticles were deposited through PLD and thermal evaporation techniques. The hybrid photo-anodes were investigated in the presence of both KOH electrolyte solution and ethylene glycol as a sacrificial reagent. In order to evaluate the effect of Au nanoparticles on the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 photo-anodes, two reference samples (free-Au nanoparticles) were also used for comparison purpose.
Water splitting foto-elettrochimico consiste nella produzione di idrogeno a partire dall’acqua usando la luce solare e dei semicondutori specifici, chiamati materiali foto-elettrochimici, che sfruttano l’energia solare per separare le molecole d’acqua in idrogeno ed ossigeno. Il material più utilizzato nel processo del water splitting e l’ossido di titanio (TiO2); tuttavia le efficienze di conversione sono ancora molto basse a causa della rapida ricombinazione elettrone-vacanza e del basso adsorbimento nello spettro del visibile. Diverse soluzioni sono state proposte per superare questi svantaggi, come ad esempio, l’utilizzo di nanostrutture di TiO2, lo sviluppo di materiali ibridi (TiO2/nanoparticelle metalliche), oppure l’utilizzo di agenti sacrificali nella soluzione elettrolita. L’obiettivo di questo lavoro di tesi è quello di studiare l’attività foto-catalitica di fotoanodi innovativi preparati con l’aggiunta di nanoparticelle d’oro in nanostrutture di TiO2 con diverse configurazioni. Le nanostrutture di TiO2 sono state preparate tramite la tecnica PLD, mentre le nanoparticelle d’oro sono state aggiunte tramite PLD ed evaporazione termica. I fotoanodi ibridi sono stati studiati in presenza di una soluzione elettrolita sia di KOH che etilene glicole come agente sacrificale. In modo da valutare l’effetto delle nanoparticelle d’oro nell’attività fotocatalitica dei fotoanodi di TiO2, sono stati testati anche due campioni di riferimento.
TiO2-based photoanodes doped with Au for photo-electrochemical water splitting
RUCAJ, MARINELA
2016/2017
Abstract
Photo-electrochemical water splitting consists in the production of hydrogen from water using sunlight and specialized semiconductors called photo-electrochemical materials, which use light energy to directly dissociate water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen. The most used material in the water splitting process is titanium dioxide (TiO2); however the conversion efficiencies are still very low due to the fast electron-hole recombination and a low adsorption on the visible range. Different solutions are proposed to overcome these drawbacks, such as the use of TiO2 nanostructures, the developing of hybrid materials (TiO2/metal nanoparticles) or the use of sacrificial reagents in the electrolyte solution. The purpose of this thesis work was to study the photocatalytic activity of innovative photo-anodes prepared by gold nanoparticles added to TiO2 nanostructures in different configurations. The TiO2 nanostructures were prepared by the Pulsed Laser Deposition technique (PLD), while the Au nanoparticles were deposited through PLD and thermal evaporation techniques. The hybrid photo-anodes were investigated in the presence of both KOH electrolyte solution and ethylene glycol as a sacrificial reagent. In order to evaluate the effect of Au nanoparticles on the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 photo-anodes, two reference samples (free-Au nanoparticles) were also used for comparison purpose.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/137433