In the last decade the interest in Umanned Aerial Vehicles (commonly known as drones) for civil applications has been constantly increasing across industry, academic research, governamental bodies. There is an incredibly wide set of tasks, such as eviromental mapping, precision agriculture, industrial infrastructure inspection, disaster relief. The main disadvantages of untethered UAV is the limited operational time that can be achieved before charging or swapping onboard batteries. To cope with this issue, tethered UAV has been developed in recent years. Within this thesis, the use of an aerial robot that is powered-over-tether by a groundwinch station is described. The idea is to simulate a system for remote powering small-scale UAV, aiming to achieve prolonged flight time in order to address possible civilian applications with such requirements. In order for the UAV to be capable of executing hovering trajectories as freely as possibile, a long power cable is wound on a custom-developed base, which is capable of releasing and retracting it when necessary. The base has been developed to operate in an autonomous way, locally sensing when the aerial vehicle requires additional cable length or when eccessive cable length requires retraction. The purpose of this work is to design the custom-device groundwinch mechanical layout, using components available on the market, and develop for it a proper control strategy. Moreover, an existing drone model and control system has been revised and improved to work with the groundwinch system. Simulations of the whole system have been performed: in order to give them the maximum reliability, parameters and data have been taken from the mechanical project. Finally a multidrone scenario has been proposed, supposing to have two multicopters tethered one to the other, in an innovative way with respect to the literature.
Negli ultimi dieci anni l'interesse nei veicoli UAV nelle applicazioni civili (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles), comunemente noti come droni, è cresciuto costantemente nell'industria, nella ricerca accademica, negli organismi governativi. Alcune delle applicazioni sono la mappatura ambientale, l'agricoltura di precisione, l'ispezione delle infrastrutture industriali, la gestione di disastri ambientali. Il più grande svantaggio degli UAV non vincolati da cavo consiste nella scarsa autonomia in termini di tempo prima di dover ricaricare le batterie. Per risolvere questo problema, i droni vincolati da cavo elettrico sono stati sviluppati negli ultimi anni. All'interno del lavoro di tesi verrà descritto l'utilizzo di un drone alimentato attraverso un cavo da una stazione di terra. L'idea sta nel simulare un sistema per alimentare in maniera remota un UAV, mirando ad ottenere una lunga durata di volo per gestire possibili applicazioni civili. Per permettere al drone di eseguire traiettorie il più liberamente possibile (senza essere ostacolato dal cavo), un lungo cavo elettrico è avvolto attorno ad un verricello a terra, che deve essere in grado di rilasciare e ritrarre il cavo in maniera autonoma. L'idea sta nel misurare la forza sul cavo e rilasciare o ritrarre il cavo il maniera da mantenerlo né troppo teso né troppo lasco. Lo scopo di questo lavoro consiste nel progettare una stazione verricello di terra con un layout meccanico personalizzato utilizzando componenti disponibili sul mercato e parallelamente sviluppare una strategia di controllo adatta. Il modello e controllo di un drone esistente verrà implementato e migliorato per essere associato al verricello di terra. Saranno mostrate simulazioni dell'intero sistema: i parametri verranno calcolati sui componenti del progetto meccanico in maniera tale da dare la massima affidabilità alla simulazione. In conclusione uno scenario multidrone è stato proposto, con una configurazione innovativa rispetto alla letteratura.
Design of a smart ground-winch for system of tethered multicopters
TRABATTONI, ANDREA
2017/2018
Abstract
In the last decade the interest in Umanned Aerial Vehicles (commonly known as drones) for civil applications has been constantly increasing across industry, academic research, governamental bodies. There is an incredibly wide set of tasks, such as eviromental mapping, precision agriculture, industrial infrastructure inspection, disaster relief. The main disadvantages of untethered UAV is the limited operational time that can be achieved before charging or swapping onboard batteries. To cope with this issue, tethered UAV has been developed in recent years. Within this thesis, the use of an aerial robot that is powered-over-tether by a groundwinch station is described. The idea is to simulate a system for remote powering small-scale UAV, aiming to achieve prolonged flight time in order to address possible civilian applications with such requirements. In order for the UAV to be capable of executing hovering trajectories as freely as possibile, a long power cable is wound on a custom-developed base, which is capable of releasing and retracting it when necessary. The base has been developed to operate in an autonomous way, locally sensing when the aerial vehicle requires additional cable length or when eccessive cable length requires retraction. The purpose of this work is to design the custom-device groundwinch mechanical layout, using components available on the market, and develop for it a proper control strategy. Moreover, an existing drone model and control system has been revised and improved to work with the groundwinch system. Simulations of the whole system have been performed: in order to give them the maximum reliability, parameters and data have been taken from the mechanical project. Finally a multidrone scenario has been proposed, supposing to have two multicopters tethered one to the other, in an innovative way with respect to the literature.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/137439