Particle accelerators use beam deflectors based on strong Electric Field deflection, for instance in the new antiproton storage ring ELENA (Extra Low Energy Antiproton Ring) at CERN. During the design, the electric field in the aperture of these deflectors is simulated, but we need a method to measure this field produced on deflectors to validate their correct functioning before using them in accelerators. The report describes the evaluation of techniques to measure the electric field homogeneity in the deflectors, as well as the development of a test bench to automate the measurement principle and its validation for static or pulsed electric field deflectors. Electrostatic separators when used for beam applications can cause large distortions and undesired bending or collisions of the beam particles with the accelerator body or with the deflector plates. If such a problem arises then it takes lot of effort both in terms of money and labor to fix those sites where the beam has struck. This can sometimes cause irreparable damages as well. For magnetic deflectors, there are already techniques exist which can provide quite accurate measurements about the axis of the magnets and the regions of field homogeneity. However, there has not been much emphasis done for the electric field measurements and the evaluation of its homogeneity. Current methods exist mostly for some industrial applications but they cannot be safely employed for the deflectors used in accelerators. Electric field homogeneity lies mostly in the design, dimensions and the fabrication of the separator. Most of the existing techniques consist of simulating the design with Finite element simulators which provides the result equivalent to the actual test environment for which the deflector is designed. In this thesis, we are going to apply one of the techniques based on voltage measurements and then see the results that can explain how we can control the quality of electrical field by exhibiting its homogeneity.
Gli acceleratori di particelle utilizzano deflettori di raggio basati su una forte deflessione del campo elettrico, ad esempio nel nuovo anello di memoria antiprotone ELENA (Extra Low Energy Antiproton Ring) del CERN. Durante la progettazione, il campo elettrico nell'apertura di questi deflettori è simulato, ma abbiamo bisogno di un metodo per misurare questo campo prodotto sui deflettori per convalidare il loro corretto funzionamento prima di utilizzarli negli acceleratori. Il rapporto descrive la valutazione delle tecniche per misurare l'omogeneità del campo elettrico nei deflettori, nonché lo sviluppo di un banco di prova per automatizzare il principio di misurazione e la sua convalida per deflettori di campo elettrici statici o pulsati. I separatori elettrostatici usati per le applicazioni del raggio possono causare grandi distorsioni e piegature o collisioni indesiderate delle particelle del fascio con il corpo dell'acceleratore o con le piastre deflettrici. Se sorge un problema del genere, ci vuole molto sforzo sia in termini di denaro che di manodopera per sistemare quei siti dove è stata colpita la trave. Questo a volte può anche causare danni irreparabili. Per i deflettori magnetici esistono già delle tecniche che possono fornire misurazioni abbastanza accurate sull'asse dei magneti e sulle regioni di omogeneità del campo. Tuttavia, non è stata posta molta enfasi sulle misure del campo elettrico e sulla valutazione della sua omogeneità. I metodi attuali esistono principalmente per alcune applicazioni industriali ma non possono essere impiegati in sicurezza per i deflettori utilizzati negli acceleratori. L'omogeneità del campo elettrico risiede principalmente nella progettazione, nelle dimensioni e nella fabbricazione del separatore. La maggior parte delle tecniche esistenti consiste nella simulazione del progetto con simulatori di elementi finiti che fornisce il risultato equivalente all'ambiente di prova reale per il quale è progettato il deflettore. In questa tesi, applicheremo una delle tecniche basate sulle misurazioni di tensione e poi vedremo i risultati che possono spiegare come possiamo controllare la qualità del campo elettrico esibendo la sua omogeneità.
Test bench for the measurement of electric field homogeneity in electrostatic separators
SHAHZAD, MUHAMMAD KHURRAM
2016/2017
Abstract
Particle accelerators use beam deflectors based on strong Electric Field deflection, for instance in the new antiproton storage ring ELENA (Extra Low Energy Antiproton Ring) at CERN. During the design, the electric field in the aperture of these deflectors is simulated, but we need a method to measure this field produced on deflectors to validate their correct functioning before using them in accelerators. The report describes the evaluation of techniques to measure the electric field homogeneity in the deflectors, as well as the development of a test bench to automate the measurement principle and its validation for static or pulsed electric field deflectors. Electrostatic separators when used for beam applications can cause large distortions and undesired bending or collisions of the beam particles with the accelerator body or with the deflector plates. If such a problem arises then it takes lot of effort both in terms of money and labor to fix those sites where the beam has struck. This can sometimes cause irreparable damages as well. For magnetic deflectors, there are already techniques exist which can provide quite accurate measurements about the axis of the magnets and the regions of field homogeneity. However, there has not been much emphasis done for the electric field measurements and the evaluation of its homogeneity. Current methods exist mostly for some industrial applications but they cannot be safely employed for the deflectors used in accelerators. Electric field homogeneity lies mostly in the design, dimensions and the fabrication of the separator. Most of the existing techniques consist of simulating the design with Finite element simulators which provides the result equivalent to the actual test environment for which the deflector is designed. In this thesis, we are going to apply one of the techniques based on voltage measurements and then see the results that can explain how we can control the quality of electrical field by exhibiting its homogeneity.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/137809