The thesis, entitled "Tourism and social protection in Bergamo. Guidelines for a new policy on the historical fabrics of Città Alta ", proposes the study of the historic centre of Bergamo, or High Town, in order to highlight its state of preservation in relation to the new phenomenon of home sharing and demographic decline, proposing some policies for the management of the historic centre to be included in the variant of the High Town Recovery Plan. The motivation that led to the deepening of the topic is the desire to understand how the consolidated historical city approaches the new "Airbnb element" that has led to the increase of mass tourism and, consequently, to an increasing use of the city's spaces. In 2017, after a long process that lasted for years, the Venetian walls of the city of Bergamo were recognized as a World Heritage Site, bringing Italy to 43 UNESCO sites. They are 6 km and 200 meters long and were built between 1561 and 1588 and protect the hilly part of the city, since then defined as Bergamo Alta. The preservation and defence of these walls therefore becomes a central theme in the public debate on the Upper Town and, in this regard, this work of research seeks to understand how and if the city is able to protect its buildings and historical places from mass tourism, the effect of the disproportionate increase in low cost tourism and, in part, the abandonment and population of the old town center. This research work seeks to find out whether the city is able to safeguard its buildings and historic sites as a destination for mass tourism. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first one deals with the problem of safeguarding the historical center, describing the normative path for its protection, the reflection conducted by the National Association of Historical and Artistic Centres (ANCSA) from the 50's to the present day and the history of Bergamo and its plans, with particular reference to the plans for the restoration of the upper town. The second chapter begins with the description of the used ones and the problem related to their collection. Subsequently the analysis is shown, both demographic (residents, gentrification, distribution of age classes and social composition) and morphology (historical thresholds, land use, public transport, state of conservation of buildings, energy class, and tourism sector) of the territory of Bergamo Alta. The last part describes, first of all, the Detailed Plan of Recovery of the Upper Town (2005-2015), highlighting what, more than ten years later, has actually been done; then it presents the interpretation of the historical center thanks to the interpolation of the different analyses with the tourism sector and Airbnb's offer and, finally, it outlines the policies to be adopted to limit negative externalities or, vice versa, to increase the positive ones of the area. They are divided by themes such as: population, mobility system, tourist offer, enhancement of the building heritage and place making, they are the set of possible actions that the administration should undertake in order to safeguard the historical center and improve the policies of conservation and enhancement of the historic center in the light of the changed economic and demographic changes.
La tesi, dal titolo “Turismo e salvaguardia sociale a Bergamo. Linee guida per una nuova politica sui tessuti storici di Città Alta”, propone lo studio del centro storico di Bergamo, ovvero Città Alta, al fine di evidenziarne il suo stato di conservazione in relazione al nuovo fenomeno di home sharing e al calo demografico, proponendo alcune politiche per la gestione del centro storico da inserire all’interno della variante al Piano Particolareggiato di Recupero di Città Alta. La motivazione che ha spinto all’approfondimento dell’argomento è la volontà di capire come la città storica consolidata si approccia al nuovo “elemento Airbnb” che ha portato all’aumento del turismo di massa e, di conseguenza, ad un uso sempre maggiore degli spazi cittadini. Nel 2017, dopo un lungo processo durato anni, le mura veneziane della città di Bergamo sono state riconosciute come Patrimonio dell’Umanità, portando così l’Italia a quota 43 siti UNESCO. Lunghe 6 km e 200 metri furono costruite fra il 1561 e il 1588 e proteggono la parte collinare della città, da allora definita come Bergamo Alta. La salvaguardia e la difesa di queste mura diventa quindi un tema centrale all’interno del dibattito pubblico su Città Alta e, a questo proposito, questo lavoro di ricerca cerca di capire come e se la città sia in grado di tutelare i propri edifici e luoghi storici dal turismo di massa, effetto dell’aumento spropositato del turismo low cost e, in parte, dell’abbandono e dello popolamento del centro storico. Questo lavoro di ricerca cerca di è capire se la città è in grado di salvaguardare i propri edifici e luoghi storici meta del turismo di massa. La tesi è articolata in tre capitoli. Il primo affronta il problema della salvaguardia del centro storico, descrivendo il percorso normativo per la sua tutela, la riflessione condotta dall’Associazione Nazionale Centri Storici ed Artistici (ANCSA) dagli anni 50 ad oggi e la storia di Bergamo e dei suoi piani, con particolare riferimento a quelli di Risanamento per Città Alta. Il secondo capitolo inizia con la descrizione dei dai utilizzati e il problema relativo alla loro raccolta. Successivamente viene mostrata l’analisi, sia demografica (residenti, gentrification, distribuzione delle classi di età e composizione sociale) che morfologia (soglie storiche, uso del suolo, trasporto pubblico, stato di conservazione degli edifici, classe energetica, e settore turistico) del territorio di Bergamo Alta. L’ultima parte descrive, dapprima, il Piano Particolareggiato di Recupero di Città Alta (2005-2015), mettendo in luce cosa, a più di dieci anni di distanza, sia astato effettivamente fatto; poi presenta l’interpretazione del centro storico grazie all’interpolazione delle differenti analisi con il settore turistico e l’offerta di Airbnb e, infine, disegna delle politiche da adottare per limitare le esternalità negative o viceversa incrementare quelle positive dell’area. Esse, suddivise per tematiche quali: popolazione, sistema della mobilità, offerta turistica, valorizzazione del patrimonio edilizio e placemaking, sono l’insieme delle azioni possibili che l’amministrazione dovrebbe intraprendere al fine di salvaguardare il centro storico e migliorare le politiche di conservazione e valorizzazione del centro storico alla luce dei mutati cambiamenti economi e demografici.
Turismo e salvaguardia sociale a Bergamo. Linee guida per una nuova politica sui tessuti storici di Città Alta
BUGNONI, FRANCESCA
2016/2017
Abstract
The thesis, entitled "Tourism and social protection in Bergamo. Guidelines for a new policy on the historical fabrics of Città Alta ", proposes the study of the historic centre of Bergamo, or High Town, in order to highlight its state of preservation in relation to the new phenomenon of home sharing and demographic decline, proposing some policies for the management of the historic centre to be included in the variant of the High Town Recovery Plan. The motivation that led to the deepening of the topic is the desire to understand how the consolidated historical city approaches the new "Airbnb element" that has led to the increase of mass tourism and, consequently, to an increasing use of the city's spaces. In 2017, after a long process that lasted for years, the Venetian walls of the city of Bergamo were recognized as a World Heritage Site, bringing Italy to 43 UNESCO sites. They are 6 km and 200 meters long and were built between 1561 and 1588 and protect the hilly part of the city, since then defined as Bergamo Alta. The preservation and defence of these walls therefore becomes a central theme in the public debate on the Upper Town and, in this regard, this work of research seeks to understand how and if the city is able to protect its buildings and historical places from mass tourism, the effect of the disproportionate increase in low cost tourism and, in part, the abandonment and population of the old town center. This research work seeks to find out whether the city is able to safeguard its buildings and historic sites as a destination for mass tourism. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first one deals with the problem of safeguarding the historical center, describing the normative path for its protection, the reflection conducted by the National Association of Historical and Artistic Centres (ANCSA) from the 50's to the present day and the history of Bergamo and its plans, with particular reference to the plans for the restoration of the upper town. The second chapter begins with the description of the used ones and the problem related to their collection. Subsequently the analysis is shown, both demographic (residents, gentrification, distribution of age classes and social composition) and morphology (historical thresholds, land use, public transport, state of conservation of buildings, energy class, and tourism sector) of the territory of Bergamo Alta. The last part describes, first of all, the Detailed Plan of Recovery of the Upper Town (2005-2015), highlighting what, more than ten years later, has actually been done; then it presents the interpretation of the historical center thanks to the interpolation of the different analyses with the tourism sector and Airbnb's offer and, finally, it outlines the policies to be adopted to limit negative externalities or, vice versa, to increase the positive ones of the area. They are divided by themes such as: population, mobility system, tourist offer, enhancement of the building heritage and place making, they are the set of possible actions that the administration should undertake in order to safeguard the historical center and improve the policies of conservation and enhancement of the historic center in the light of the changed economic and demographic changes.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/138412