Nowadays, traffic congestion appears as a worldwide problem in almost all the modern and industrialized cities around the world. This problem causes many direct and indirect outcomes to the society. Economic effects of traffic congestion emerge in the cost of congestion. Basically, accurate estimating the congestion cost which road travelers face while using the facility has been one of the substantial issues for policymakers and politicians. This master’s thesis is assigned to the “Social Economic Evaluation of Congestion Cost” in terms of surplus loss of congestion based on real hourly traffic flow. In this study, it is worked on developing a parametric methodology for estimation of congestion cost which is based on the supply-demand curve (private cost curve, social cost curve, and demand curve) and comparison of obtained results with congestion cost appraised based on ‘annual average daily traffic’ (AADT). Within this framework, instead of considering ‘AADT’ as an indicative value for traffic congestion, which is very conventional in such studies, a parametric methodology based on real value of traffic flow has been established for traffic congestion estimation. Moreover, six road transportation networks of Trentino Alto-Adige region as samples of the real hourly dataset of traffic flow and speed are considered in order to apply the parametric methodology. As the main outcome, it is revealed that when ‘AADT’ is used, the final result obtained for congestion cost is an underestimation, while, estimation of congestion cost based on parametric methodology and real hourly traffic flow presents the precise evaluation of external cost. Therefore, this kind of estimation of surplus loss of congestion which is more complex, but reasonably manageable, provides better and accurate approximation of congestion cost.
Oggigiorno, la congestione del traffico appare come un problema globale in quasi tutte le città moderne e industrializzate del mondo. Questo problema causa delle perdite dirette ed indirette alla società. Gli effetti economici della congestione si identificano nel costo della congestione. Fondamentalmente, la valutazione accurata dei costi che affrontano i viaggiatori durante l'utilizzo dell’infrastruttura stradale dovuti alla congestione, è uno dei problemi per pianificatori territoriali e politici. La tesi di questo master è indirizzata alla "Valutazione socio-economica dei costi della congestione" in termini di costi in eccesso dovuti alla congestione, basati sul reale flusso di traffico orario. In questo lavoro, si è sviluppata una metodologia parametrica per la stima dei costi dovuti alla congestione basata sulla curva domanda-offerta (curva dei costi privati, curva dei costi sociali e curva della domanda) e si sono confrontati i risultati ottenuti con i costi dovuti alla congestione basati sul 'traffico giornaliero medio annuo' (AADT). In questo contesto, invece di considerare l’AADT come il valore indicativo della congestione, assunzione molto convenzionale in tali studi, è stata sviluppata una metodologia parametrica basata sul reale valore del flusso di traffico per la stima della congestione. Nell’applicazione della metodologia parametrica vengono considerate sei reti stradali della regione Trentino Alto-Adige come campioni di riferimento del traffico orario reale, del flusso e della velocità. Il risultato principale emerso è che quando viene utilizzato l’AADT, il valore finale ottenuto per la valutazione dei costi dovuti alla congestione è sottostimato, mentre la valutazione del costo della congestione basata sulla metodologia parametrica e basata sul flusso di traffico reale orario, presenta una identificazione precisa dei costi esterni. Concludendo, la stima dei costi in eccesso basata sulla metodologia parametrica, che seppur più complessa risulta ragionevolmente gestibile, fornisce un'approssimazione migliore ed accurata dei costi di congestione.
Social economic evaluation of congestion cost in different roads
MOHSENI, SEYED ABOLFAZL
2016/2017
Abstract
Nowadays, traffic congestion appears as a worldwide problem in almost all the modern and industrialized cities around the world. This problem causes many direct and indirect outcomes to the society. Economic effects of traffic congestion emerge in the cost of congestion. Basically, accurate estimating the congestion cost which road travelers face while using the facility has been one of the substantial issues for policymakers and politicians. This master’s thesis is assigned to the “Social Economic Evaluation of Congestion Cost” in terms of surplus loss of congestion based on real hourly traffic flow. In this study, it is worked on developing a parametric methodology for estimation of congestion cost which is based on the supply-demand curve (private cost curve, social cost curve, and demand curve) and comparison of obtained results with congestion cost appraised based on ‘annual average daily traffic’ (AADT). Within this framework, instead of considering ‘AADT’ as an indicative value for traffic congestion, which is very conventional in such studies, a parametric methodology based on real value of traffic flow has been established for traffic congestion estimation. Moreover, six road transportation networks of Trentino Alto-Adige region as samples of the real hourly dataset of traffic flow and speed are considered in order to apply the parametric methodology. As the main outcome, it is revealed that when ‘AADT’ is used, the final result obtained for congestion cost is an underestimation, while, estimation of congestion cost based on parametric methodology and real hourly traffic flow presents the precise evaluation of external cost. Therefore, this kind of estimation of surplus loss of congestion which is more complex, but reasonably manageable, provides better and accurate approximation of congestion cost.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/138774