The project aims at analysing the concept of business incubation, focusing on its social side. Starting from a deep analysis of the topic of business incubation and social innovation in the existent academic literature, this project presents a new categorization methodology for business incubation based on a bi-dimensional matrix. The discriminant criterion of the mentioned categorization is the social dimension. The fact that the social aim is at the core of the categorization allows to complete and overcome the existing approach. The social side of incubation is analysed under two different and combined perspectives: the type of project incubated and the category of people supported. The former discriminates between projects whose aim is solely the economic development and projects that address social issues. The latter divides people according to their education and to their available means. The research shows an application of the model analysing a sample of incubators belonging to a city in a developing country: respectively Dakar and Senegal. The research is carried out on the field, spending time in each incubator and interviewing key actors for each entity. The reason of this location choice is that in these critical contexts, the social dimensions play a more relevant role in comparison to incubators active in countries with developed economies. After the field work, analysing the interviews and the documentation found, every incubator is positioned in the abovementioned matrix. Once the positioning is done, an analysis on how incubators are managed (investors, screening method, training and revenues) in relation to their positioning is carried out. This research represents also a contribution to practitioners because it shows how incubators are spread around Dakar area and it maps them with a new perspective. Moreover, it illustrates the incubation procedures that are implemented for the time being in Dakar. This research represents one of the starting points of the analysis of social business incubation in developing countries and opens the way for other possible future researches in the same field in different area of the world.
L’obiettivo del progetto è l’analisi del concetto di “business incubation” focalizzandosi sul suo aspetto sociale. Partendo da una rassegna dettagliata della letteratura accademica riguardante gli incubatori e l’innovazione sociale, questo lavoro presenta una nuova categorizzazione degli stessi basata su una matrice bidimensionale. Il criterio discriminante su cui si fonda la categorizzazione è la dimensione sociale. L’impatto sociale dell’incubazione viene messo al centro della categorizzazione e questo permette di completare e superare gli approcci esistenti. L’aspetto sociale viene analizzato attraverso due diverse prospettive: la categoria di progetto supportato e la categoria di persona supportata. Il primo permette di distinguere progetti il cui unico obiettivo è lo sviluppo economico e progetti che affrontano anche temi sociali. Il secondo permette di distinguere le diverse categorie di persone in base alla loro istruzione e ai “mezzi” di cui dispongono. In questa ricerca, inoltre, viene mostrata un’applicazione del modello analizzando un determinato campione di incubatori presenti a Dakar in Senegal. La ricerca sul campo è stata effettuata attraverso interviste ai principali attori del panorama dell’incubazione di Dakar e attraverso visite e osservazioni all’interno degli incubatori stessi. È stato scelto un Paese in via di sviluppo come luogo di raccolta dati poiché in queste nazioni l’aspetto sociale dell’incubazione è più accentuato rispetto ai Paesi sviluppati. Sulla base dell’analisi delle interviste e del materiale raccolto sul campo, ogni incubatore del campione viene posizionato nella matrice sopramenzionata. Vengono poi studiate le modalità di gestione degli incubatori (investitori, metodo di selezione, sessioni di training e ricavi) in relazione al loro posizionamento nella categorizzazione cioè rispetto al loro “livello” sociale. Questa ricerca rappresenta anche un contributo ai “practitioners”, poiché mostra come gli incubatori sono distribuiti nell’area di Dakar e li mappa seguendo una nuova prospettiva. Inoltre, essa illustra le procedure dell’incubazione implementate al momento del sopralluogo a Dakar. Questi risultati costituiscono, infine, uno dei punti di partenza per l’analisi del concetto di “social business incubation” nei Paesi in via di sviluppo e aprono la strada per altri possibili sviluppi di ricerca nello stesso settore in differenti aree del mondo.
Social business incubators : a new categorization and its application in Africa
BRIVIO, SAMUELE
2016/2017
Abstract
The project aims at analysing the concept of business incubation, focusing on its social side. Starting from a deep analysis of the topic of business incubation and social innovation in the existent academic literature, this project presents a new categorization methodology for business incubation based on a bi-dimensional matrix. The discriminant criterion of the mentioned categorization is the social dimension. The fact that the social aim is at the core of the categorization allows to complete and overcome the existing approach. The social side of incubation is analysed under two different and combined perspectives: the type of project incubated and the category of people supported. The former discriminates between projects whose aim is solely the economic development and projects that address social issues. The latter divides people according to their education and to their available means. The research shows an application of the model analysing a sample of incubators belonging to a city in a developing country: respectively Dakar and Senegal. The research is carried out on the field, spending time in each incubator and interviewing key actors for each entity. The reason of this location choice is that in these critical contexts, the social dimensions play a more relevant role in comparison to incubators active in countries with developed economies. After the field work, analysing the interviews and the documentation found, every incubator is positioned in the abovementioned matrix. Once the positioning is done, an analysis on how incubators are managed (investors, screening method, training and revenues) in relation to their positioning is carried out. This research represents also a contribution to practitioners because it shows how incubators are spread around Dakar area and it maps them with a new perspective. Moreover, it illustrates the incubation procedures that are implemented for the time being in Dakar. This research represents one of the starting points of the analysis of social business incubation in developing countries and opens the way for other possible future researches in the same field in different area of the world.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/139273