In an increasingly complex and competitive world, supply chain management is becoming central for companies to achieve short term business objectives and generate long term competitive advantage. Many organizations have embraced the concepts of supply chain management and adopted its techniques and strategies to increase their success. Prior studies have largely focused on supply chain management in continuous manufacturing environment based on repetitive and continuous demand, and production process. There is a noticeable lack of research on supply chain management literature in temporal and uncertain environments which are best represented by the projects environments. Projects are often temporary works to realise unique product or service, they usually therefore lead to high degree of uncertainty and complexity. Today’s highly competitive market, and the different requirements of customers create a need for high attention to be paid to supply chain management in projects environment. Particularly, the distinctive characteristics of projects environment such as a largely extended supply base, the high complexity and uncertainty, the site configuration managed by temporary supply chain network, highly-customized engineered products, the process fragmentation, and the complex network of stakeholder force companies to build strong relationship with other supply chain actors in order to increase the performance. The main purpose of this thesis is to deepen our understanding on the concepts of managing supply chains in projects environment. Further objective is also to thoroughly analyse the supply chain integration, and identify its key antecedents (i.e., preconditions) and the implementation mechanisms. The EPC sector (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) was selected as a main context for this systematic review, mainly because it is a sector in which its supply chains and business model are completely immersed in projects environment, which coincides with the main objective of the thesis to research on project-based supply chains. A systematic literature review is conducted in order to examine the existing literature on project-based supply chains and access all studies which investigate this concept. This thesis proves that building a strong relationship among supply chain actors is quite important in projects environment since it enhances the information sharing among supply chain actors and helps to decrease uncertainty. The distinctive characteristics of projects environment, key antecedents of supply chain integration and integrative mechanisms performed by companies are considerably interconnected to each other. Therefore, a systematic approach for adoption of integrated supply chain structures helps to overcome various challenges of projects environment and incrases the performance of entire supply chain. Considering the identified aspects of project-based supply chains, this thesis contributes to both literature and practice by systematically reviewing the project-based supply chains literature. It provides a rich discussion for the theory by examining and classifying the studies in terms of different aspects such as supply chain management topic and project sector. Another contribution is to provide a comprehensive understanding of supply chain integration and collaboration in projects environment. The characteristics and challenges of projects environment are defined and they show that the companies need a strong integration with other supply chain actors so as to improve the performance of the entire supply chain. This thesis has managerial implications as it provides support to the EPC projects’ managers by clarifying the preconditions and implementation mechanisms of supply chain integration at both the strategical and operational level.
In un mondo sempre più complesso e competitivo, il Supply Chain Management sta diventando un punto fondamentale per le aziende per raggiungere obbiettivi a breve termine e generare vantaggi competitivi a lungo termine. Molte organizzazioni hanno fatto propri i concetti che stanno alla base del Supply Chain Management e ne hanno adottato tecniche e strategie al fine di aumentare il loro successo. Studi passati si sono concentrati principalmente sul Supply Chain Management in un ambiente di produzione continua basato su una domanda ripetitiva e continua e su un processo produttivo. C’è un’ evidente mancanza di ricerca all’interno della letteratura in merito agli ambienti che sono temporanea e incerti, meglio rappresentati dai Projects Environment. I progetti sono spesso lavori temporanea che servono a realizzare un prodotto o un servizio unico. Proprio per questa particolare nature, portano a un livello elevato di incertezza e complessità. Il mercato altamente competitivo di oggi e le diverse esigenze dei clienti generano un bisogno di attenzione al Supply Chain Management in Projects Environment. In particolare, i tratti distintivi dei Projects Environment come ad esempio una base estesa di approvvigionamento, l’elevato complessità e incertezza, la configurazione del sito gestito da una rete temporanea di Supply Chain, i prodotti orientati verso il cliente, il processo di frammentazione e la complessa rete di stakeholder inducono le aziende a costruire solide relazioni con altri attori che orbitano attorno al Supply Chain al fine di aumentarne il rendimento. L’obbiettivo principale di questa tesi è quello di approfondire la nostra conoscenza sui concetti di Supply Chain Management all’interno dei Projects Environment. Un altro obbiettivo è quello di analizzare l’integrazione di Supply Chain e identificarne i presupposti e i meccanismi di implementazione. Il settore EPC (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) è stato prescelto come principale contesto per questa revisione sistematica, soprattutto perché è un settore in cui il suo Supply Chain e i modelli di business sono completamente immersi nei Projects Environment, coincide con l’obbiettivo primario di questa tesi volta a ricercare sul Project-based Supply Chains. È stata condotto una revisione sistematica della letteratura per esaminare la letteratura esistente su Project-based Supply Chains e per accedere a tutti gli studi che investigano questo concetto. Questa tesi comprova che costruire un solido legame tra gli attori del Supply Chain è molto importante all’interno dei Projects Environment dato che rafforza la condivisione di informazioni e aiuta a ridurre l’incertezza. I tratti distintivi dei Projects Environment, i presupposti chiave dell’integrazione del Supply Chain e i meccanismi integrativi realizzati dalle aziende sono fortemente interconnessi. Quindi, un approccio sistematico all’adozione di strutture integrate di Supply Chain aiuta a superare le varie sfide di Projects Environment e aumenta il rendimento dell’intera Supply Chain. Considerando gli aspetti identificati di Project-based Supply Chains, questa tesi contribuisce sia alla letteratura che alla pratica partendo dalla revisione sistematica della letteratura Project-based Supply Chains. Offre una ricca discussione esaminando e classificando gli studi sotto diversi aspetti come la questione del Supply Chain Management e il settore di progetto. Un altro contributo è quello di fornire una conoscenza estesa di integrazione del Supply Chain e collaborazione del Projects Environment. Le caratteristiche e le sfide dei Projects Environment sono identificate e mostrano che le aziende necessitano di una forte integrazione con altri attori del Supply Chain per migliorare il rendimento dell’intera del Supply Chain. Questa tesi ha implicazioni manageriali dato che fornisce supporto ai manager dei progetti EPC chiarendone i predisposti e i meccanismi di implemezzione dell’integrazione di Supply Chain sia a un livello strategico che operativo.
Supply chain integration in projects environment : a systematic literature review and a conceptual framework
YÖRÜKUL, ÖZGE
2016/2017
Abstract
In an increasingly complex and competitive world, supply chain management is becoming central for companies to achieve short term business objectives and generate long term competitive advantage. Many organizations have embraced the concepts of supply chain management and adopted its techniques and strategies to increase their success. Prior studies have largely focused on supply chain management in continuous manufacturing environment based on repetitive and continuous demand, and production process. There is a noticeable lack of research on supply chain management literature in temporal and uncertain environments which are best represented by the projects environments. Projects are often temporary works to realise unique product or service, they usually therefore lead to high degree of uncertainty and complexity. Today’s highly competitive market, and the different requirements of customers create a need for high attention to be paid to supply chain management in projects environment. Particularly, the distinctive characteristics of projects environment such as a largely extended supply base, the high complexity and uncertainty, the site configuration managed by temporary supply chain network, highly-customized engineered products, the process fragmentation, and the complex network of stakeholder force companies to build strong relationship with other supply chain actors in order to increase the performance. The main purpose of this thesis is to deepen our understanding on the concepts of managing supply chains in projects environment. Further objective is also to thoroughly analyse the supply chain integration, and identify its key antecedents (i.e., preconditions) and the implementation mechanisms. The EPC sector (Engineering, Procurement and Construction) was selected as a main context for this systematic review, mainly because it is a sector in which its supply chains and business model are completely immersed in projects environment, which coincides with the main objective of the thesis to research on project-based supply chains. A systematic literature review is conducted in order to examine the existing literature on project-based supply chains and access all studies which investigate this concept. This thesis proves that building a strong relationship among supply chain actors is quite important in projects environment since it enhances the information sharing among supply chain actors and helps to decrease uncertainty. The distinctive characteristics of projects environment, key antecedents of supply chain integration and integrative mechanisms performed by companies are considerably interconnected to each other. Therefore, a systematic approach for adoption of integrated supply chain structures helps to overcome various challenges of projects environment and incrases the performance of entire supply chain. Considering the identified aspects of project-based supply chains, this thesis contributes to both literature and practice by systematically reviewing the project-based supply chains literature. It provides a rich discussion for the theory by examining and classifying the studies in terms of different aspects such as supply chain management topic and project sector. Another contribution is to provide a comprehensive understanding of supply chain integration and collaboration in projects environment. The characteristics and challenges of projects environment are defined and they show that the companies need a strong integration with other supply chain actors so as to improve the performance of the entire supply chain. This thesis has managerial implications as it provides support to the EPC projects’ managers by clarifying the preconditions and implementation mechanisms of supply chain integration at both the strategical and operational level.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/139351