The use of piezoelectric shunt with negative capacitance (NC) is a way to damp structural vibration. The control action is given by the piezoelectric patch, which is called 'smart material' because it generates a charge after a shape deformation. The application of resistive shunt with NC takes advantage of this behaviour to cancel out vibration. This approach is attractive because does not cause high load effects and requires little power supply to control the structure. The control system is a piezoelectric actuator attached to the structure, and it is shunted with a resistance and the NC, which is built with an operational amplifier (OP-AMP). The use of NCs allows higher attenuation performance than traditional passive shunt, but implies instability problems due to its active nature; in fact, the OP-AMP needs a power supply. In the literature many authors described the use of NCs in vibration reduction problems, showing the effectiveness of this solution. One work analysed the simplest layouts, named ideal circuits (IC) here, to build the NCs, and gave stability criteria. Other authors studied more complex circuits, named real circuits (RC) here, that are more suitable for practical implementation. The electrical circuit can have different layouts, depending on NCs position: in series or in parallel with the shunt. Another work analysed series and parallel circuits, and a new circuit, made by both the parallel and series circuits, able to reach high performances. In a paper is proposed an electrical model of a RC in a series configuration and power output of the NC is analysed; however this article does not use a mechanical model for the structure at which the NC is attached. Instead here, the power output and the saturation of the NC will be investigated thanks to the modelisation of an electro-mechanical system, where the NC is attached to a generic elastic structure. The aim of this thesis is to find, among all the possible combinations, the circuit configuration and the value of each parameter to reach maximum performance with the lower power consumption, avoiding OP-AMP saturation.
L’utilizzo di shunt piezoelettrici con capacità negativa (NC), permette di ridurre le vibrazioni di una struttura. L’azione di controllo è esercitata da un patch piezoelettrico, che è chiamato ‘materiale intelligente’ proprio perché se sottoposto a deformazione, genera una carica elettrica ai suoi capi. L’utilizzo di una resistenza di shunt con NC sfrutta questa peculiare caratteristica, per ridurre le vibrazioni. Questo sistema di riduzione delle vibrazioni è molto interessante poiché non provoca rilevanti effetti di carico e richiede una ridotta potenza di alimentazione per controllare la struttura. Il sistema di controllo è un attuatore piezoelettrico che è incollato alla struttura e connesso elettricamente con una resistenza e la NC. La NC è realizzata mediante un amplificatore operazionale (OP-AMP). Nella letteratura, diversi autori hanno trattato l’utilizzo di NC per la riduzione di vibrazioni strutturali, dimostrando l’efficacia di questa soluzione. In un articolo vengono analizzati i circuiti più semplici per realizzare una NC, qui chiamati circuiti ideali (IC) e vengono forniti i criteri di stabilità. Alti autori analizzano circuiti più complessi, qui chiamati circuiti reali (RC), i quali risultano migliori nelle applicazioni pratiche. Il circuito elettrico può avere diverse configurazioni, in base alla posizione della NC: in serie o in parallelo alla shunt. Un altro articolo analizza i circuiti serie e parallelo e un nuovo circuito, costruito sia con la configurazione serie sia con la configurazione parallelo, capace di raggiungere alte prestazioni. In un articolo, viene studiato il circuito RC in configurazione serie, in termini di potenza all’uscita della NC. Tuttavia, questo articolo non utilizza un sistema meccanico per modellizzare la struttura a cui la NC è connessa. Invece, in questo lavoro, la potenza e la saturazione all’uscita della NC sarà analizzata grazie al modello di un sistema elettro-meccanico, dove la NC è connesso ad una generica struttura elastica. Lo scopo di questa tesi è indicare la procedura per trovare, tra tutte le possibili combinazioni, la configurazione del circuito e il valore di ogni parametro al fine di raggiungere le massime prestazioni con il minimo consumo di potenza elettrica, evitando la saturazione del OP-AMP.
Resistive shunt with negative capacitance for vibration attenuation : power consumption, saturation and performance of different circuits
MARELLI, STEFANO
2016/2017
Abstract
The use of piezoelectric shunt with negative capacitance (NC) is a way to damp structural vibration. The control action is given by the piezoelectric patch, which is called 'smart material' because it generates a charge after a shape deformation. The application of resistive shunt with NC takes advantage of this behaviour to cancel out vibration. This approach is attractive because does not cause high load effects and requires little power supply to control the structure. The control system is a piezoelectric actuator attached to the structure, and it is shunted with a resistance and the NC, which is built with an operational amplifier (OP-AMP). The use of NCs allows higher attenuation performance than traditional passive shunt, but implies instability problems due to its active nature; in fact, the OP-AMP needs a power supply. In the literature many authors described the use of NCs in vibration reduction problems, showing the effectiveness of this solution. One work analysed the simplest layouts, named ideal circuits (IC) here, to build the NCs, and gave stability criteria. Other authors studied more complex circuits, named real circuits (RC) here, that are more suitable for practical implementation. The electrical circuit can have different layouts, depending on NCs position: in series or in parallel with the shunt. Another work analysed series and parallel circuits, and a new circuit, made by both the parallel and series circuits, able to reach high performances. In a paper is proposed an electrical model of a RC in a series configuration and power output of the NC is analysed; however this article does not use a mechanical model for the structure at which the NC is attached. Instead here, the power output and the saturation of the NC will be investigated thanks to the modelisation of an electro-mechanical system, where the NC is attached to a generic elastic structure. The aim of this thesis is to find, among all the possible combinations, the circuit configuration and the value of each parameter to reach maximum performance with the lower power consumption, avoiding OP-AMP saturation.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/139849