Safety for vehicle passengers is extremely important and of primary concern for the automotive industry. Car makers and tyre manufacturer are investing a lot of resources to improve braking performances of their products but the complexity of the vehicle-tyre system makes this kind of studies very challenging. The Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) is an extremely important vehicle safety component, avoiding the wheels to lock up and maintaining the drivability of the vehicle during an emergency braking manoeuvre. However, a bad coupling between tyre and ABS (i.e. a too reactive tyre in respect of the ABS operating frequency) leads erroneous response of the control. For this reason it often happens that the same tyre specification has completely different performance on different car segment and manufacturer. An important study on the asphalt texture was carried out in order to correlate indoor data and simulations to outdoor real grip conditions, then a numerical model of the vehicle, including the ABS system, has been developed and validated with experimental data. The system was modeled as an half-vehicle with a particular focus on the tyre which has been modeled using the rigid ring model, the ABS control logic has been derived from a previous collaboration between Pirelli Tyre S.p.a. and Politecnico di Milano and empirically tuned with the experimental data. Simulations confirms the experimental outputs and a sensitivity analysis has been performed in order to understand how the braking distance could be influenced by tyre and ABS parameters.
La sicurezza dei passeggeri è un fattore di primaria importanza per tutta l'industria automobilistica. I produttori di automobili e di pneumatici ogni anno investono moltissime risorse per migliorare le prestazioni in frenata dei loro prodotti, ma la complessità del sistema veicolo-pneumatico rende questo tipo di studi molto complicati. L'Antilock Braking System (ABS) è un dispositivo di sicurezza estremamente importante che evita il bloccaggio delle ruote e mantiene il veicolo controllabile durante una frenata di emergenza. Tuttavia, un accoppiamento sbagliato tra pneumatico e ABS (es. un pneumatico troppo reattivo rispetto alla frequenza di funzionamento dell'ABS) comporta una grave inefficienza nel controllo. Spesso accade, infatti, che la stessa specifica di pneumatico abbia prestazioni completamente diverse su diversi segmenti e produttori di auto. È stato effettuato uno studio sulla texture dell'asfalto al fine di correlare gli output dei test indoor e le simulazioni con test reali in outdoor. Un modello numerico del veicolo, che include la logica ABS, è stato sviluppato e validato con dati sperimentali. Il sistema è stato modellato come un mezzo veicolo con particolare attenzione al pneumatico che è stato modellato utilizzando il Rigid Ring Model, la logica di controllo ABS usata proviene da una precedente collaborazione tra Pirelli Tyre S.p.a. e Politecnico di Milano, le cui soglie sono state tarate con i dati sperimentali ottenuti. In questo modo è stato possibile determinare, mediante un analisi di sensitività, come l'interazione tra i parametri dello pneumatico e della logica ABS influenza lo spazio di frenata.
Development of a numerical model for ABS braking performance evaluation and correlation with experimental tests
VISINTAINER, ELIA
2016/2017
Abstract
Safety for vehicle passengers is extremely important and of primary concern for the automotive industry. Car makers and tyre manufacturer are investing a lot of resources to improve braking performances of their products but the complexity of the vehicle-tyre system makes this kind of studies very challenging. The Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) is an extremely important vehicle safety component, avoiding the wheels to lock up and maintaining the drivability of the vehicle during an emergency braking manoeuvre. However, a bad coupling between tyre and ABS (i.e. a too reactive tyre in respect of the ABS operating frequency) leads erroneous response of the control. For this reason it often happens that the same tyre specification has completely different performance on different car segment and manufacturer. An important study on the asphalt texture was carried out in order to correlate indoor data and simulations to outdoor real grip conditions, then a numerical model of the vehicle, including the ABS system, has been developed and validated with experimental data. The system was modeled as an half-vehicle with a particular focus on the tyre which has been modeled using the rigid ring model, the ABS control logic has been derived from a previous collaboration between Pirelli Tyre S.p.a. and Politecnico di Milano and empirically tuned with the experimental data. Simulations confirms the experimental outputs and a sensitivity analysis has been performed in order to understand how the braking distance could be influenced by tyre and ABS parameters.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/139949