In this historical period of technology development through the new "Industry 4.0" paradigm, the advent of new technology as the "Internet of Things", developed a new vision based on the interconnection between the objects, introducing new concepts of "Smart device", "Smart product", "Smart city". The production environment, with the advent of the Smart Factory, seems to be the most interested in these new technological developments. The main enabling technologies are Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet of Things and Simulation. These technologies find their application in the Cyber Physical Sistems, modular systems that, thanks to a simulation environment called Digital Twin, are able to simulate in real-time a system in a virtual environment, synchronized to the real system. In the future, these types of systems offer a view of automated and flexible production and therefore they will be able to adapt to the type of production, according to the production trends that require shorter product life-cycle and higher customization of the product. At the moment, this technologies are not fully developed to be used in a real industrial environment. In the thesis work the introduction of these systems will be analysed. The industrial production processes are based on the automation pyramid, where the production is guided by the Manufacturing Execution System (MES), centralized system whose functions are established by the Manufacturing Enterprise Solution Association(MESA). In this thesis work is introduced a first vision of the CPS as the base of the Automation Pyramid, to expand and improve the MES functions. Through two European projects, MAYA and PERFoRM - part of the HORIZON 2020 program - MES functions are improved in the acquisition of a larger data set directly from the real system, and a more detailed tracking of the product. These improvements are identified on the basis of a Digital Twin environment, developed during the thesis work in the "Industry 4.0" Laboratory of the Politecnico di Milano. This a key element to carry out this type of research topics and demonstrate their results.
In questo periodo storico di sviluppo tecnologico tramite il nuovo paradigma "Industria 4.0", l'avvento di tecnologie quali "Internet of Things" ha sviluppato una nuova visione basata sull'interconnessione tra oggetti, introducendo i concetti di "Smart device", "Smart product", "Smart city". In particolare, l'ambiente manifatturiero con l'avvento della Smart Factory sembra essere quello maggiormente interessato a tali sviluppi tecnologici. Le principali tecnologie abilitanti sono Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet of Things and Simulation. Esse trovano applicazione all'interno dei Cyber Physical Sistems: sistemi modulari che riescono - tramite un ambiente di simulazione chiamato Digital Twin - a simulare real-time in ambiente virtuale ogni sistema, in sincrono con il sistema reale, grazie all'introduzione sensori e attuatori. In futuro, tali sistemi propongono una visione di produzione automatizzata e flessibile e quindi in grado di adattarsi al tipo di produzione, in conformità con i trend di produzione che richiedono tempi di ciclo di prodotto minori e maggiore personalizzazione del prodotto. Al momento, queste tecnologie non sono sviluppate abbastanza da essere utilizzate al massimo delle loro capacità. Tale lavoro di tesi si propone quindi di analizzare l'introduzione dei sistemi di cui sopra, i quali arricchiti di sensori/attuatori possono migliorare la produzione industriale. I processi di produzione industriale automatizzati si basano infatti sulla piramide dell'automazione, in cui in particolare la produzione viene guidata dal Manufacturing Execution System (MES), sistema centralizzato le cui funzioni sono stabilite dal Manufacturing Enterprise Solution Association (MESA). Nel lavoro di tesi si introduce una prima versione di CPS come base della piramide dell'automazione con lo scopo di ampliamento e miglioramento delle funzioni del MES. In particolare, tramite due progetti Europei, MAYA e PERFoRM - facenti parte del programma HORIZON 2020 - si apportano migliorie per quanto riguarda l'acquisizione di un set di dati maggiore direttamente dal sistema reale e un tracciamento del prodotto più dettagliato. Tali miglioramenti vengono individuati sulla base di un ambiente Digital Twin sviluppato durante il Lavoro di Tesi all'interno del Laboratorio "Industry 4.0" del Politecnico di Milano. La presenza di tale ambiente costituisce un elemento chiave durante la ricerca, in special modo in fase di validazione dei risultati ottenuti.
CPS and digital twin in the Industry 4.0 era : two application cases
CIMINO, CHIARA
2017/2018
Abstract
In this historical period of technology development through the new "Industry 4.0" paradigm, the advent of new technology as the "Internet of Things", developed a new vision based on the interconnection between the objects, introducing new concepts of "Smart device", "Smart product", "Smart city". The production environment, with the advent of the Smart Factory, seems to be the most interested in these new technological developments. The main enabling technologies are Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet of Things and Simulation. These technologies find their application in the Cyber Physical Sistems, modular systems that, thanks to a simulation environment called Digital Twin, are able to simulate in real-time a system in a virtual environment, synchronized to the real system. In the future, these types of systems offer a view of automated and flexible production and therefore they will be able to adapt to the type of production, according to the production trends that require shorter product life-cycle and higher customization of the product. At the moment, this technologies are not fully developed to be used in a real industrial environment. In the thesis work the introduction of these systems will be analysed. The industrial production processes are based on the automation pyramid, where the production is guided by the Manufacturing Execution System (MES), centralized system whose functions are established by the Manufacturing Enterprise Solution Association(MESA). In this thesis work is introduced a first vision of the CPS as the base of the Automation Pyramid, to expand and improve the MES functions. Through two European projects, MAYA and PERFoRM - part of the HORIZON 2020 program - MES functions are improved in the acquisition of a larger data set directly from the real system, and a more detailed tracking of the product. These improvements are identified on the basis of a Digital Twin environment, developed during the thesis work in the "Industry 4.0" Laboratory of the Politecnico di Milano. This a key element to carry out this type of research topics and demonstrate their results.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: CPS and Digital Twin in the Industry 4.0 era: two application cases
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/140059