The research work proposes a preliminary approach to the design of mental health facilities in the Gaza Strip, aimed at the welcoming of patients suffering from mental disorders related to exposure to war traumas, such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The justification of the investigation process derives from the express wish of the Palestinian authorities to deal with the problem of mental health, through the strengthening of the infrastructures able to provide aid for citizens with an altered psychiatric framework. To understand the peculiar situation of the country it was necessary to start from the analysis of the socio-political context, and subsequently, continue with the analysis of the health system of Palestine and Gaza, referring particularly to the services related to mental health care. To define the needs profile, was significant the contribution of a document drawn up by the Palestinian administration concerning the development of a “National Centre for mental health” and the contact with the professionals working in the region. Starting from the expressed needs and expectations, it was possible to continue with a process of research and comparison between the international guidelines and typologies to define a product suited to the needs identified. The result is a functional profile that aims to be feasible, integrated with the existing system and to deliver a quality service. The next step was the interview with a psychiatrist to verify the proposal and associate to the functional areas a corresponding number of patients and staff. Referring to the studies based on the “hospital model”, we proceeded by defining design guidelines, to respond to the needs expressed. This was followed by the definition of a flexible structural module, also achievable with alternative raw materials available locally, taking into consideration the control of building materials imposed on the territory. Because of the distinct configuration of Gaza City and the fundamental value of urbanity for mental health facilities, especially to avoid stigma, some settlement criteria have been indicated to properly place mental health centres. Following the modular organization, functional areas have been defined indicating the degree of reciprocal relationship between the various environmental units, the layout development, the sizing and the main functions. Subsequently, the technological and architectural requirements of the individual environmental units were analysed, these were schematized and collected in a specific room abacus. The last step was to produce architectural suggestions in different settlements in the Gaza Strip that expressed the criteria addressed during the research work. Similarly, suggestions were made of the interior spaces, declining the requirements defined in the abacus in a spatial proposal. In conclusion, a tool has been produced that, starting from an increasingly specific interdisciplinary investigation process, provides indications related to functional, typological and architectural design, and consequently defines performance and hygiene requirements.
Il lavoro di ricerca propone un approccio preliminare alla progettazione di strutture per la salute mentale nella striscia di Gaza, rivolte in particolar modo ad accogliere pazienti affetti da disturbi psichici legati all’esposizione a traumi di guerra, come il disturbo da stress post-traumatico. La giustificazione del processo di indagine deriva dall’espressa volontà delle autorità palestinesi nell’affrontare il problema della salute mentale, questo attraverso il potenziamento delle strutture in grado fornire assistenza ai cittadini con un mutato quadro psichiatrico. Per poter comprendere la particolare situazione del paese è stato necessario partire dall’analisi del contesto sociopolitico prima e, successivamente, del sistema sanitario palestinese e di Gaza, in particolar modo delle infrastrutture legate alla cura della salute mentale. Per definire il profilo dei bisogni è stato rilevante il contributo di un documento redatto dall’amministrazione palestinese, relativo allo sviluppo di un “Centro Nazionale per la salute mentale”, e il contatto con i professionisti che operano nella regione. Partendo dalle necessità e aspettative espresse è stato possibile proseguire con un processo di ricerca e confronto tra le linee guida e le tipologie internazionali per definire un prodotto adatto alle esigenze rilevate. Ne è conseguito un profilo funzionale che si propone di essere attuabile, integrabile con il sistema esistente e di esprimere un servizio di qualità. Il passo successivo è stato il confronto con un medico psichiatrico per verificare la proposta e associare alle aree funzionali un corrispettivo numero di pazienti e personale. Facendo riferimento agli studi basati sul “ospedale modello” si è proseguito definendo delle indicazioni progettuali, al fine di dare una risposta ai bisogni espressi. Ne è seguita la definizione di un modulo strutturale flessibile, realizzabile anche con materie prime alternative e reperibili in loco, questo in considerazione del controllo dei materiali da costruzione imposto su territorio. In virtù della particolare configurazione di Gaza City e il fondamentale valore dell’urbanità per le strutture della salute mentale, specialmente per evitare lo stigma, sono stati indicati alcuni criteri insediativi per collocare propriamente i centri per la salute mentale. Seguendo l’organizzazione modulare sono state definite delle aree funzionali indicandone il grado di relazione reciproco e tra le varie unità ambientali, lo sviluppo del layout, il dimensionamento e le principali funzioni. Successivamente sono stati approfonditi i requisiti tecnologici ed architettonici delle singole unità ambientali, questi sono stati schematizzati e raccolti in apposito abaco degli ambienti. L’ultimo passo è stato il produrre suggestioni architettoniche in diversi contesti insediativi nella striscia di gaza che esprimessero i criteri affrontati durante il lavoro di ricerca, analogamente sono state prodotte suggestioni degli spazi interni declinando i requisiti definiti nelle schede in una proposta spaziale. In conclusione, è stato prodotto uno strumento che, partendo da un processo di indagine interdisciplinare sempre più specifico, fornisce indicazioni legate alla progettazione funzionale, tipologica, architettonica e conseguentemente, definisce dei requisiti prestazionali e igienico sanitari.
Building places, healing minds. Metadesign approaches for the care of PTSD in the Gaza strip
BALSARINI, FRANCESCO;BUSINARO, EDOARDO
2016/2017
Abstract
The research work proposes a preliminary approach to the design of mental health facilities in the Gaza Strip, aimed at the welcoming of patients suffering from mental disorders related to exposure to war traumas, such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The justification of the investigation process derives from the express wish of the Palestinian authorities to deal with the problem of mental health, through the strengthening of the infrastructures able to provide aid for citizens with an altered psychiatric framework. To understand the peculiar situation of the country it was necessary to start from the analysis of the socio-political context, and subsequently, continue with the analysis of the health system of Palestine and Gaza, referring particularly to the services related to mental health care. To define the needs profile, was significant the contribution of a document drawn up by the Palestinian administration concerning the development of a “National Centre for mental health” and the contact with the professionals working in the region. Starting from the expressed needs and expectations, it was possible to continue with a process of research and comparison between the international guidelines and typologies to define a product suited to the needs identified. The result is a functional profile that aims to be feasible, integrated with the existing system and to deliver a quality service. The next step was the interview with a psychiatrist to verify the proposal and associate to the functional areas a corresponding number of patients and staff. Referring to the studies based on the “hospital model”, we proceeded by defining design guidelines, to respond to the needs expressed. This was followed by the definition of a flexible structural module, also achievable with alternative raw materials available locally, taking into consideration the control of building materials imposed on the territory. Because of the distinct configuration of Gaza City and the fundamental value of urbanity for mental health facilities, especially to avoid stigma, some settlement criteria have been indicated to properly place mental health centres. Following the modular organization, functional areas have been defined indicating the degree of reciprocal relationship between the various environmental units, the layout development, the sizing and the main functions. Subsequently, the technological and architectural requirements of the individual environmental units were analysed, these were schematized and collected in a specific room abacus. The last step was to produce architectural suggestions in different settlements in the Gaza Strip that expressed the criteria addressed during the research work. Similarly, suggestions were made of the interior spaces, declining the requirements defined in the abacus in a spatial proposal. In conclusion, a tool has been produced that, starting from an increasingly specific interdisciplinary investigation process, provides indications related to functional, typological and architectural design, and consequently defines performance and hygiene requirements.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/140516