This work is focused on the development of new drug delivery systems based on nanocellulose-cyclodextrin biopolymers. In particular, the numerous advantages of TEMPO-cellulose nanofibers (TEMPO-CNFs) and dialdehyde nanocellulose (DANC) were exploited together with the well-known capability of β-cyclodextrins and amino-cyclodestrin derivates to form host-guest inclusion complexes. TEMPO-CNFs suspensions were able to form hydrogels whose rheological properties could be modulated by the addition of divalent cations (Ca2+) which acted as a physical cross-linker. Instead, the obtained DANC was reactive towards molecules containing amino groups. In particular, two β-Cyclodentrin derivatives, containing one (CD-(NH2)) or seven (CD-(NH2)7) amino groups on the upper rim of the cyclodextrin cone, were synthesized and were reacted with DANC. Two new nanocellulose-cyclodextrin polymers, WS-DANC-βCD and WI-DANC-βCD respectively, were obtained. Finally, the combination between TEMPO-CNFs and WI-DANC-βCD polymer led to the formation of a composite hydrogel. The capability of these materials of drug release/adsorption was studied using ibrufen as model drug, while their indirect cytotoxicity and/or their direct cytocompatibility were evaluated using L929 or C2C12 cell lines. All the results obtained from the tests conducted on the synthetized materials confirmed their potential applicability as drug delivery systems and encourage further tests to validate their suitability as promising biomaterials.
In questo lavoro di tesi sono stati realizzati nuovi sistemi di drug delivery basati su biopolimeri composti da nanocellulosa e ciclodestrine. In particolare, la sintesi di questi materiali ha previsto l'utilizzo di nanofibre di cellulosa ottenute tramite ossidazione con il radicale TEMPO (TEMPO-cellulose nanofiber, TEMPO-CNF) e di nanocellulosa ottenuta tramite ossidazione con periodato di sodio (dialdehyde nanocellulose, DANC), insieme all'utilizzo di una β-ciclodestrina commerciale e dei suoi ammino-derivati. La dispersione di TEMPO-CNF in acqua ha permesso l'ottenimento di una sospensione acquosa, la quale, dopo l'aggiunta di ioni Ca2+ agenti come reticolanti tra le fibre di cellulosa, ha dato origine ad un idrogelo. DANC (contenente gruppi aldeidici) è invece stata fatta reagire con molecole contenenti gruppi amminici portando alla formazione delle Basi di Schiff. In particolare le molecole sintetizzate sono state due ammino-derivati della β-ciclodestrina contenti uno (CD-(NH2)) o sette (CD-(NH2)7) gruppi amminici. La reazione tra DANC e gli ammino-derivati della β-ciclodestrina ha dato origine a un polimero solubile in acqua (nel caso della CD-(NH2), WS-DANC-βCD) e ad uno insolubile (nel caso della CD-(NH2)7, WI-DANC-βCD ). In fine, la combinazione di TEMPO-CNF con il polimero WI-DANC-βCD ha permesso di ottenere un idrogelo composito. La capacità di questi materiali di assorbire/rilasciare farmaci è stata studiata tramite l'utilizzo dell'ibuprofene (farmaco modello) mentre la loro citotossicità indiretta e/o la loro citocompatibilità diretta sono state valutate usando le linee cellulari L929 e C2C12. Tutti i risultati ottenuti dai test condotti sui materiali sintetizzati hanno confermato la loro potenziale applicabilità come sistemi di drug delivery e spingono ad effettuare ulteriori test per convalidare l'effettiva idoneità di questi materiali nel campo di applicazione biomedico.
Nanocellulose-cyclodextrin hydrogels for drug delivery systems
BASCHENIS, ELENA
2016/2017
Abstract
This work is focused on the development of new drug delivery systems based on nanocellulose-cyclodextrin biopolymers. In particular, the numerous advantages of TEMPO-cellulose nanofibers (TEMPO-CNFs) and dialdehyde nanocellulose (DANC) were exploited together with the well-known capability of β-cyclodextrins and amino-cyclodestrin derivates to form host-guest inclusion complexes. TEMPO-CNFs suspensions were able to form hydrogels whose rheological properties could be modulated by the addition of divalent cations (Ca2+) which acted as a physical cross-linker. Instead, the obtained DANC was reactive towards molecules containing amino groups. In particular, two β-Cyclodentrin derivatives, containing one (CD-(NH2)) or seven (CD-(NH2)7) amino groups on the upper rim of the cyclodextrin cone, were synthesized and were reacted with DANC. Two new nanocellulose-cyclodextrin polymers, WS-DANC-βCD and WI-DANC-βCD respectively, were obtained. Finally, the combination between TEMPO-CNFs and WI-DANC-βCD polymer led to the formation of a composite hydrogel. The capability of these materials of drug release/adsorption was studied using ibrufen as model drug, while their indirect cytotoxicity and/or their direct cytocompatibility were evaluated using L929 or C2C12 cell lines. All the results obtained from the tests conducted on the synthetized materials confirmed their potential applicability as drug delivery systems and encourage further tests to validate their suitability as promising biomaterials.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/141157