Energy has played in mankind's history a central role, and this is even more evident nowadays. The climate change challenge involves the entire world: for this reason, many innovative and sustainable solutions are under research to stop it. The thesis analyses different trigeneration systems (CCHP, Combined Heat Cooling and Power) in a rural context, a Greek Island, off-grid and fully renewable. The systems investigated include different degree of integration of RES (Renewable Energy Sources), in particular: a micro ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle), a biomass boiler, a thermal storage (TES, Thermal Energy Storage), ETCs (Evacuated Tube Collectors), BESS (Battery Energy Storage System), and PVs (Photovoltaic Panels). It is proposed a benchmark with a photovoltaic field coupled with batteries, without a back-up generator. Performances of the systems have been evaluated with the aid of a Matlab® codes developed by the author. The results are economically benchmarked according to the annuity of the plants. The cheapest and most reliable system is a micro ORC, which includes TES, BESS, ETCs, PVs and the biomass boiler. The annuity given is 5499€ per year, with a reliability of 100%. With the same annuity, the PV-BESS plant shows a lower reliability (90-95%), and larger dimensions. Thus, although the high cost of electricity provided by diesel generator in a Greek island, fully renewable stand-alone systems are not competitive without a subsidisation system.
L'energia ha giocato nella storia dell'umanità un ruolo centrale, e questo risulta ancora più vero al giorno d'oggi. La sfida del cambiamento climatico coinvolge l'essere umano a livello globale: per questo motivo, soluzioni innovative e sostenibili sono al centro di numerose ricerche. La tesi si propone di analizzare differenti sistemi di trigenerazione (CCHP, Combined Cooling Heating and Power) in un contesto rurale, un'isola greca, off-grid e completamente rinnovabili. I sistemi analizzati includono differenti integrazioni dei componenti, i quali comprendono un micro ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle), una caldaia a biomassa, uno storage termico (TES, Thermal Energy Storage), collettori solari a tubi evacuati (ETC, Evacuated Tube Collector), batterie agli ioni di Litio (BESS, Battery Energy Storage System) e pannelli fotovoltaici (PV). Viene proposta anche una comparazione con un sistema esclusivamente fotovoltaico integrato con batterie, stand-alone. Le performance dei sistemi sono state valutate tramite una simulazione off-design mediante due distinti codici Matlab® sviluppati dall'autore. I risultati vengono comparati in termini economici attraverso l'annuity dell'impianto. Il layout che risulta più economico e compatto, e che garantisce una continua produzione di energia, è un micro ORC con storage termico, storage elettrico, caldaia a biomassa e collettori solari, integrato con pannelli fotovoltaici. La annuity del sistema risulta 5499 € annui, con un'affidabilità del 100%. A parità di annuity, l'impianto fotovoltaico accoppiato con batterie mostra un'affidabilità minore (90-95%), e delle dimensioni superiori. Si conclude che in un contesto rurale come un'isola greca, nonostante l'alto costo dell'elettricità generata da motori diesel, i sistemi stand-alone completamente rinnovabili non risultano competitivi senza un sistema di incentivazione.
Preliminary design of different fully renewable stand alone for residential buildings in a Greek island
MANZONI, GIACOMO
2017/2018
Abstract
Energy has played in mankind's history a central role, and this is even more evident nowadays. The climate change challenge involves the entire world: for this reason, many innovative and sustainable solutions are under research to stop it. The thesis analyses different trigeneration systems (CCHP, Combined Heat Cooling and Power) in a rural context, a Greek Island, off-grid and fully renewable. The systems investigated include different degree of integration of RES (Renewable Energy Sources), in particular: a micro ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle), a biomass boiler, a thermal storage (TES, Thermal Energy Storage), ETCs (Evacuated Tube Collectors), BESS (Battery Energy Storage System), and PVs (Photovoltaic Panels). It is proposed a benchmark with a photovoltaic field coupled with batteries, without a back-up generator. Performances of the systems have been evaluated with the aid of a Matlab® codes developed by the author. The results are economically benchmarked according to the annuity of the plants. The cheapest and most reliable system is a micro ORC, which includes TES, BESS, ETCs, PVs and the biomass boiler. The annuity given is 5499€ per year, with a reliability of 100%. With the same annuity, the PV-BESS plant shows a lower reliability (90-95%), and larger dimensions. Thus, although the high cost of electricity provided by diesel generator in a Greek island, fully renewable stand-alone systems are not competitive without a subsidisation system.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Preliminary Design of Different Fully Renewable Stand Alone for Residential Buildings in a Greek Island.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/141509