In the modern continuous annealing plants, the use of low-carbon aluminum killed steel containing small boron additions is widespread. As a matter of fact, boron enhances the possibility to keep the coiling temperature (during hot rolling) and the annealing temperature low, compared to an aluminum killed steel without boron, thus allowing a high process speed and therefore a high productivity of the production line. But the addition of boron and critical values of the Mn/S ratio have negative effects on the hot ductility of the steel causing a high surface defectiveness on the cold rolled coils which makes the product no longer suitable for use in the most important drawing sectors, such as automotive and household appliances. These defects compromise the uniformity of a high-quality enameling or varnishing or a thin layer of metallic or organic coating. In this thesis work carried out at the Ilva plant in Novi Ligure (AL), an experimental procedure was defined for the classification of defects and for the research of possible correlations with the content of some chemical elements of the steel composition. Then, with the help of automatic surface inspection systems and other investigations conducted using electronic microscope, the causes of surface defects were analyzed and investigated. Starting from the metallurgical and metallographic observations of the defective areas, it was possible to formalize an operative improvement proposal to modify some chemical elements in the composition of the steel. On the basis of these results, the Ilva Taranto Steel Plant produced a cast (about 300 tons) according to the new chemical analysis proposed. The coils obtained from this cast, cold rolled and annealed in the Novi Ligure plant, no longer showed surface defectiveness. Further structural and mechanical investigations, always carried out applying the original experimental procedure, have also confirmed that the new chemical composition of the steel also guarantees the characteristics of resistance and drawability within the limits imposed by the applicable international product standards. The new experimental casting design can therefore be considered homologated. The next step will be that of a wider industrial experimentation.
Nei moderni impianti di ricottura continua “veloce” di un laminato a freddo è diffuso l’utilizzo di acciai low carbon calmati all’alluminio e contenenti piccole aggiunte di boro. Il boro, infatti, permette di abbassare, rispetto ad un acciaio calmato al solo alluminio, la temperatura di avvolgimento nella laminazione a caldo e la temperatura di ricottura, consentendo un’elevata velocità di processo e quindi un’elevata produttività della linea di produzione. Ma l’aggiunta di boro e valori critici del rapporto Mn/S hanno effetti negativi sulla duttilità a caldo dell’acciaio in quanto provocano un’elevata difettosità superficiale sul laminato a freddo che rende il prodotto non più idoneo all’utilizzo nei più importanti settori dello stampaggio, quali quello automobilistico e dell’elettrodomestico. In questo lavoro di tesi svolto presso lo stabilimento Ilva di Novi Ligure (AL) è stata dapprima definita una procedura sperimentale per la classificazione dei difetti e per la ricerca di possibili correlazioni con il tenore di alcuni elementi chimici della composizione dell’acciaio, poi successivamente, con l’ausilio di sistemi automatici di ispezione della superficie e di indagini metallografiche, sono state analizzate ed indagate le cause della difettosità superficiale. Partendo dalle osservazioni metallurgiche e metallografiche delle aree difettose è stato possibile formalizzare una proposta operativa di miglioramento per modificare alcuni elementi chimici nella composizione dell’acciaio. Sulla base di tali indicazioni l’Acciaieria Ilva di Taranto ha prodotto una colata (circa 300 tonnellate) secondo la nuova analisi chimica proposta. I rotoli ottenuti da questa colata, laminati a freddo e ricotti nell’impianto di Novi Ligure, non hanno più presentato difettosità superficiali. Le ulteriori indagini strutturali e meccaniche, sempre condotte applicando l’originaria procedura sperimentale, hanno inoltre confermato che la nuova composizione chimica dell’acciaio garantisce anche le caratteristiche di resistenza e di stampabilità nei limiti imposti dalle applicabili normative di prodotto. La nuova composizione chimica sperimentale può quindi considerarsi omologata. Il passaggio successivo sarà quello di una più ampia sperimentazione di tipo industriale.
Chemical composition design of a boron deep drawable steel to avoid rolling defects
BUFFO, FRANCESCO
2017/2018
Abstract
In the modern continuous annealing plants, the use of low-carbon aluminum killed steel containing small boron additions is widespread. As a matter of fact, boron enhances the possibility to keep the coiling temperature (during hot rolling) and the annealing temperature low, compared to an aluminum killed steel without boron, thus allowing a high process speed and therefore a high productivity of the production line. But the addition of boron and critical values of the Mn/S ratio have negative effects on the hot ductility of the steel causing a high surface defectiveness on the cold rolled coils which makes the product no longer suitable for use in the most important drawing sectors, such as automotive and household appliances. These defects compromise the uniformity of a high-quality enameling or varnishing or a thin layer of metallic or organic coating. In this thesis work carried out at the Ilva plant in Novi Ligure (AL), an experimental procedure was defined for the classification of defects and for the research of possible correlations with the content of some chemical elements of the steel composition. Then, with the help of automatic surface inspection systems and other investigations conducted using electronic microscope, the causes of surface defects were analyzed and investigated. Starting from the metallurgical and metallographic observations of the defective areas, it was possible to formalize an operative improvement proposal to modify some chemical elements in the composition of the steel. On the basis of these results, the Ilva Taranto Steel Plant produced a cast (about 300 tons) according to the new chemical analysis proposed. The coils obtained from this cast, cold rolled and annealed in the Novi Ligure plant, no longer showed surface defectiveness. Further structural and mechanical investigations, always carried out applying the original experimental procedure, have also confirmed that the new chemical composition of the steel also guarantees the characteristics of resistance and drawability within the limits imposed by the applicable international product standards. The new experimental casting design can therefore be considered homologated. The next step will be that of a wider industrial experimentation.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/141626