This thesis work represents the work of my MSc studies in Materials Engineering and Nanotechnology during past two years. It regards deposition of copper-tin alloy as alternative barrier layer for decorative purpose. In electroplating, for decorative purpose applications, Ni is often used as an underlay for noble metal surfaces. Usually, gold plating is applied on steel, brass or zamack, all with an intermediate layer of copper and nickel to increase the quality of leveling and brightness of a thin top gold layer for costume jewelry [1]. The underlying copper may spread to the gold plated surface and cause a loss of aesthetic looks.[2] The layer of nickel is significant for the quality of this thin gold layer to provide a smooth and shiny surface for gold coating.[1] However, nickel is related to skin allergy problems. For the purpose of problems resulting from nickel use, namely the problem of allergic reactions from contact, have proposed some other types of intermediate layers replacing nickel[3-6]. A requirement for the plating industry during the last few years has been to develop an alternative to electroplated nickel for decorative applications such as fashion jewelry, accessories and watches [7]. Among the various coatings alternative to Ni, certain Ni-free alloys (such as Cu-Sn and Cu-Sn-Zn bronzes) are known for their aesthetic effects and good corrosion resistance, especially when the layer employed is micrometers thick[3]. In practice, the industrial process includes a cyanide-based complex bath. Its result is the production of the bronze layers. Usually, this involves lead, for the purposes of brightening and whitening [8]. The purpose is to be a more environment-friendly process for bronze electrodeposition that is free of the risks of cyanide and allergy risk of nickel, to increase the corrosion resistance of jewelry products. The study was primarily concerned with optimizing operating parameters, bath verification, and the stability of a deposit on a sample, all of these significant considerations from the industrial perspective. Cu-Sn alloys favorable deposition can be accomplished under warm conditions and changes in the film composition can be controlled by changing the metallic salt concentrations in the bath. [8]
Questo progetto di tesi rappresenta il lavoro della mia laurea magistrale in Ingegneria dei materiali e nanotecnologie durato due anni. L’argomento trattato riguarda la deposizione della lega rame-stagno come strato di barriera alternativo per scopi decorativi. In galvanotecnica, per scopi decorativi, il Ni viene spesso usato come uno strato di fondo per le superfici di materiali nobili. Solitamente, un pllaccatura d’oro viene applicata sull’acciaio, ottone o zamack, tutti con uno strato intermedio di rame e nichel per aumentare la qualità del livellamento e della luminosità di un sottile strato d'oro per la bigiotteria [1]. Il rame sottostante può diffondersi sulla superficie placcata in oro e causare una perdita di aspetto estetico. [2] Lo strato di nichel è significativo per la qualità di questo sottile strato d'oro per fornire una superficie liscia e lucida per il rivestimento dorato. [1] Tuttavia, il nichel è correlato a problemi di allergia cutanea. Ai fini dei problemi derivanti dall'uso di nichel, vale a dire il problema delle reazioni allergiche da contatto, sono stati proposti altri tipi di strati intermedi che sostituiscono il nichel [3-6]. Un requisito per l'industria della placcatura negli ultimi anni è stato quello di sviluppare un'alternativa al nichel elettrolitico per applicazioni decorative come gioielli di moda, accessori e orologi [7]. Tra i vari rivestimenti alternativi al Ni, alcune leghe al Ni-free (come i bronzi Cu-Sn e Cu-Sn-Zn) sono noti per i loro effetti estetici e la buona resistenza alla corrosione, specialmente quando lo strato impiegato è micrometrico di spessore [3]. In pratica, il processo industriale include un bagno complesso a base di cianuro. Il risultato è la produzione degli strati di bronzo. Di solito, questo viene fatto ai fini del ravvivamento e dello sbiancamento [8]. Lo scopo è quello di essere un processo più rispettoso dell'ambiente per l'elettrodeposizione del bronzo che sia esente dai rischi di cianuro e rischio di allergia al nichel, per aumentare la resistenza alla corrosione dei prodotti di gioielleria. Lo studio riguardava principalmente l'ottimizzazione dei parametri operativi, la verifica del bagno e la stabilità di un deposito su un campione, tutte queste considerazioni significative dal punto di vista industriale. Le deposizioni favorevoli alle leghe di Cu-Sn possono essere ottenute in condizioni calde e variazioni nella composizione del film possono essere controllate cambiando le concentrazioni di sali metallici nel bagno. [8]
Electrodeposition of Cu-Sn alloys for decorative applications
BATMACA, YUNUS
2017/2018
Abstract
This thesis work represents the work of my MSc studies in Materials Engineering and Nanotechnology during past two years. It regards deposition of copper-tin alloy as alternative barrier layer for decorative purpose. In electroplating, for decorative purpose applications, Ni is often used as an underlay for noble metal surfaces. Usually, gold plating is applied on steel, brass or zamack, all with an intermediate layer of copper and nickel to increase the quality of leveling and brightness of a thin top gold layer for costume jewelry [1]. The underlying copper may spread to the gold plated surface and cause a loss of aesthetic looks.[2] The layer of nickel is significant for the quality of this thin gold layer to provide a smooth and shiny surface for gold coating.[1] However, nickel is related to skin allergy problems. For the purpose of problems resulting from nickel use, namely the problem of allergic reactions from contact, have proposed some other types of intermediate layers replacing nickel[3-6]. A requirement for the plating industry during the last few years has been to develop an alternative to electroplated nickel for decorative applications such as fashion jewelry, accessories and watches [7]. Among the various coatings alternative to Ni, certain Ni-free alloys (such as Cu-Sn and Cu-Sn-Zn bronzes) are known for their aesthetic effects and good corrosion resistance, especially when the layer employed is micrometers thick[3]. In practice, the industrial process includes a cyanide-based complex bath. Its result is the production of the bronze layers. Usually, this involves lead, for the purposes of brightening and whitening [8]. The purpose is to be a more environment-friendly process for bronze electrodeposition that is free of the risks of cyanide and allergy risk of nickel, to increase the corrosion resistance of jewelry products. The study was primarily concerned with optimizing operating parameters, bath verification, and the stability of a deposit on a sample, all of these significant considerations from the industrial perspective. Cu-Sn alloys favorable deposition can be accomplished under warm conditions and changes in the film composition can be controlled by changing the metallic salt concentrations in the bath. [8]File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/141756