With the goal for the improvement of the efficiency of the overall system, electric motors take an important role in the achievement of this task. In order to reduce the electric motors power consumption, as well as to limit the inrush current of IE3 class motors, the application of variable frequency drives (VFD) is fundamental. The use of a VFD with an electric motor leads to energy savings, reduced wear and tear on motor's shaft, reduction of maintenance costs, allow the mechanical speed control and many more. In this thesis, the definition of a straightforward and unique methodology for the realization of a variable frequency drive for induction motors is provided. This definition has been conducted beginning from a critical analysis of the current techniques employed in these devices. Starting from this proposed methodology, an electrical designer should be able to realize a voltage-source voltage-controlled three phase induction motor drive relying on an efficient and tested design approach, with a consequent design-time saving. The methodology exposed here is based on three phases drive for induction motors; this choice has been done because it is more common in the market with respect to a single-phase device and, moreover, this treatment can be easily extended also as guide for this latter type of converters. Since VFDs are very spread and used in many applications, the requirements of the customers for these elements have been shifted more on their size, weight and cost. In fact, in many cases the motor drives enclose a variety of functions and each customer uses only the ones of their interest, having, as a result, a product that have some not exploited features that unnecessarily raises the final cost of the drive. The ease in the making of a device based on the customer's needs, that comes from the exploitation of a methodology, leads to obtain a more economical product as well as have a limitation in the physical dimension and weight, thanks to the presence of only the necessary features and the possibility to imprint the design towards some size and weight constraints. Regarding the latter statements, the methodology has been practically applied in order to test it and prove that a functional variable frequency drive could be realized. A three-phase induction motor drive have been designed and realized for GF Machining Solutions, based on the methodology proposed in the first part. The obtained device has achieved the aims of inexpensiveness, low thickness, small physical dimensions and lightness.
Con lo scopo di migliorare l'efficienza dei sistemi nella loro totalità, i motori elettrici svolgono un ruolo importante nel raggiungimento di questo obbiettivo. Al fine di ridurre il consumo energetico dei motori elettrici e limitare la corrente di spunto dei motori di classe IE3, l'applicazione dei convertitori di frequenza (VFD) è fondamentale. L'utilizzo di un VFD con un motore elettrico comporta un risparmio energetico, una riduzione dell'usura sull'albero del motore, la riduzione dei costi di manutenzione, permette il controllo della velocità meccanica e molto altro. In questa tesi, viene fornita la definizione di una chiara metodologia atta alla realizzazione di un convertitore di frequenza per motori a induzione. Questa definizione è stata condotta partendo da un'analisi critica delle attuali tecniche utilizzate in questi dispositivi. Grazie a questa metodologia, un progettista elettrico dovrebbe essere in grado di realizzare un azionamento per motore a induzione trifase, ottenendo un dispositivo controllato in tensione basato su un approccio progettuale efficiente e testato; questo porta ad ottenere un conseguente risparmio in termini di progettazione. La metodologia qui esposta è basata su dispositivi applicabili a motori ad induzione trifase. Questa scelta è giustificata dalla grande diffusione sul mercato di questi motori, rispetto ai corrispettivi monofase; inoltre, la trattazione può essere facilmente usata anche come guida per la realizzazione di convertitori monofase. Poiché i VFD sono largamente diffusi e utilizzati in molte applicazioni, i requisiti dei clienti finali per questi elementi si sono maggiormente concentrati sulle loro dimensioni, peso e costo. Infatti, in molti casi, i driver per motori racchiudono diverse funzioni e ogni cliente finisce per utilizzare solo alcune di queste, ottenendo un prodotto che ha alcune caratteristiche non sfruttate e che contribuiscono in ogni caso al costo finale del device. La facilità nella realizzazione di un dispositivo basato unicamente sulle esigenze del cliente, derivante dallo sfruttamento di una metodologia, può portare ad ottenere un prodotto più economico oltre ad avere la possibilità di limitarne le dimensioni finali e il peso. Infine, in questo elaborato, la metodologia è stata praticamente applicata con lo scopo di testarla e dimostrare che un azionamento a frequenza variabile fosse facilmente realizzabile. Un azionamento elettrico per motori a induzione trifase è stato progettato e realizzato per GF Machining Solutions, sulla base della metodologia proposta nella prima parte. Il dispositivo ottenuto ha raggiunto gli obiettivi di economicità, ridotte dimensioni fisiche e leggerezza.
Critical analysis and definition of the methodologies for the realization of an induction motor drive
MONTI, FILIPPO
2017/2018
Abstract
With the goal for the improvement of the efficiency of the overall system, electric motors take an important role in the achievement of this task. In order to reduce the electric motors power consumption, as well as to limit the inrush current of IE3 class motors, the application of variable frequency drives (VFD) is fundamental. The use of a VFD with an electric motor leads to energy savings, reduced wear and tear on motor's shaft, reduction of maintenance costs, allow the mechanical speed control and many more. In this thesis, the definition of a straightforward and unique methodology for the realization of a variable frequency drive for induction motors is provided. This definition has been conducted beginning from a critical analysis of the current techniques employed in these devices. Starting from this proposed methodology, an electrical designer should be able to realize a voltage-source voltage-controlled three phase induction motor drive relying on an efficient and tested design approach, with a consequent design-time saving. The methodology exposed here is based on three phases drive for induction motors; this choice has been done because it is more common in the market with respect to a single-phase device and, moreover, this treatment can be easily extended also as guide for this latter type of converters. Since VFDs are very spread and used in many applications, the requirements of the customers for these elements have been shifted more on their size, weight and cost. In fact, in many cases the motor drives enclose a variety of functions and each customer uses only the ones of their interest, having, as a result, a product that have some not exploited features that unnecessarily raises the final cost of the drive. The ease in the making of a device based on the customer's needs, that comes from the exploitation of a methodology, leads to obtain a more economical product as well as have a limitation in the physical dimension and weight, thanks to the presence of only the necessary features and the possibility to imprint the design towards some size and weight constraints. Regarding the latter statements, the methodology has been practically applied in order to test it and prove that a functional variable frequency drive could be realized. A three-phase induction motor drive have been designed and realized for GF Machining Solutions, based on the methodology proposed in the first part. The obtained device has achieved the aims of inexpensiveness, low thickness, small physical dimensions and lightness.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/141865