The water has a double face; it is a source of life and a magnet for settlements, but also a source of fear and disastrous catastrophes. At the base of this change of face, there is a need for a balance between water and land. In the world sphere, and in particular in Holland and America, a reformist environmental planning is developing: water urbanism; which aims to create a systematic and more complete integration of aquatic landscapes with urban and suburban fabrics to produce environments focused on water with better synergies of urban form, health and well-being of the territory and of the people who live it. Water urbanism therefore proposes soft and green "aqua-philic" design solutions that can restore the level of resilience of the territory and restore the peaceful coexistence of a natural and artificial environment. In Italy, after 150 years of legislation on hydrogeological risk, giant steps have been taken; the introduction of the concept of prevention in planning has been introduced, and risk regulation plans have been developed, which identify and classify hydrogeological risk levels with relative provisions. In 1992, with the creation of the Civil Protection Department and flood emergency plans, management capacities were also enhanced in cases of serious circumstances; a huge step forward for the Italian territory, constantly the victim of disasters. Although progress has been made in legislative terms, control over them is still latent, and even today buildings are being built in areas classified at risk where they should not be built, the administrations have not implemented the plans, although foreseen by the laws, and not they update the documents, which makes them useful. Also in Lombardy, which is the first region by extension of the rivers, there is the problem of floods. In this sense, in recent years, several procedures have been taken, and project proposals have been made to prevent further disasters. Mostly, these are still proposals connected to the old method of thinking, linked to the preference of structural interventions, which can stop the floods, but which, instead, often tend to stiffen the territorial conditions, making them even more fragile. However, some significant changes emerge, such as the transition from a punctual planning to a territorial system on a large scale. Moreover, a Giulia Vergassola different urbanistic approach is found in some cases, such as the redevelopment proposed for the Lambro river, where the defined solutions are all in favor of river integration, and include green and recreational areas, soft mobility, and more space for venting the river. river. A reference then, to the water urbanism that is developing in foreign countries. Despite these small signs, the road to effective change is still long; Above all, it is necessary to abandon the idea that structural works are more effective, in order to support a line of light impact solutions. Secondly, greater control of compliance with the requirements is essential, as non-compliance, thwarts the energy and money committed by research and development agencies for the environment. Thirdly, if the objective of a territory without environmental risks is a scenario that is still utopian and certainly far away in time, an education for coexistence with them is appropriate. The dissemination and understanding of emergency plans and their functioning are feasible conditions and must be at the top of the priority list. Finally, a change in the approach to spatial planning of water resources is essential. Our country is already facing the transition from a disaster relief approach to a risk prevention approach. However, a further transition is indispensable and urgent; systemic integration between water and the urban environment, restoration of the balance between natural and artificial, reconstitution of territorial resilience, coexistence between man and water; and therefore a water resilient urbanism approach. "Bad" water can coexist if conceived entirely in the urbanized territory.
L’acqua ha una doppia faccia; è sorgente di vita e calamita per gli insediamenti, ma anche fonte di paura e disastrose catastrofi. Alla base di questo cambiamento di volto, vi è la necessità di un rapporto di equilibrio tra acqua e territorio. Nella sfera mondiale, e in particolare in Olanda e America, una pianificazione ambientale riformista si sta sviluppando: il water urbanism; che h a il fine di creare un’integrazione sistematica e più completa di paesaggi acquatici con i tessuti urbani ed extraurbani per produrre ambienti focalizzati sull'acqua con migliori sinergie di forma urbana, salute e benessere del territorio e delle persone che lo vivono. Il water urbanism propone quindi soluzioni soft and green di “acqua-filo” design, che possano ripristinare il livello di resilienza del territorio e riportare alla coesistenza armoniosa di ambiente naturale e artificiale. In Italia, dopo 150 anni di legislazioni in materia di rischio idrogeologico, sono stati fatti passi da giganti; si è giunti all’introduzione del concetto di prevenzione nella pianificazione, e sono stati elaborati i piani di regolazione del rischio, che individuano e classificano le fasce di livello del rischio idrogeologico con relative disposizioni. Nel 1992, con la nascita del Dipartimento di Protezione Civile e dei piani di emergenza in caso di alluvione, sono state anche potenziate le capacità di gestione in casi di gravi circostanze; un enorme passo avanti per il territorio italiano, costantemente vittima di catastrofi. Sebbene siano stati fatti progressi in termini legislativi, il controllo del rispetto degli stessi di è tuttora latente, e ancora oggi vengono costruiti edifici in zone classificate a rischio dove non si dovrebbe costruire, le amministrazioni non hanno recepito i piani, sebbene previsto dalle leggi, e non aggiornano i documenti, il che li rende utili a metà. Anche in Lombardia, che è la prima regione per estensione dei fiumi, si riscontra il problema delle alluvioni. In tal senso, negli ultimi anni, diversi procedimenti sono stati presi, e sono state fatte proposte di progetto ai fini di prevenire ulteriori catastrofi. Per la maggiore, si tratta di proposte ancora connesse al vecchio metodo di pensare, legato alla predilezione di interventi di tipo strutturale, che possano fermare le alluvioni, ma che, invece, spesso Giulia Vergassola tendono a irrigidire le condizioni territoriali, rendendole ancora più fragili. Tuttavia emergono alcuni cambiamenti significativi, come ad esempio il passaggio da una pianificazione puntuale, ad una di sistema territoriale, su larga scala. Inoltre un differente approccio urbanistico si riscontra in alcuni casi, come la riqualificazione proposta per fiume Lambro, dove le soluzioni definite sono tutte a favore dell’integrazione del fiume, e comprendono aree verdi e ricreative, soft mobility, e maggiore spazio per lo sfogo del fiume. Un richiamo quindi, al water urbanism che si sta sviluppando nei paesi esteri. Nonostante questi piccoli segnali, la strada verso un cambiamento efficace è ancora lunga; è necessario innanzitutto, l’abbandono dell’idea che le opere strutturali siano più efficaci, per affiancarsi ad una linea di soluzioni a impatto leggero. In secondo luogo, un maggiore controllo del rispetto delle prescrizioni è indispensabile, poichè il non rispetto, vanifica le energie e il denaro impegnati dalle agenzie di ricerca e sviluppo per l'ambiente. Per terzo, se l'obiettivo di un territorio privo di rischi ambientali è uno scenario ancora utopico e sicuramente lontano nel tempo, è opportuna un'educazione alla convivenza con essi. La diffusione e comprensione dei piani di emergenza e il loro funzionamento sono condizioni realizzabili e devono essere in cima alla lista delle priorità. Infine, un cambiamento di approccio alla pianificazione territoriale delle risorse idriche è essenziale. Il nostro paese sta già affrontando la transizione da un approccio di compensazione in caso di calamità a un approccio di prevenzione del rischio. Tuttavia, un'ulteriore transizione è indispensabile e urgente; integrazione sistemica tra acqua e ambiente urbano, ripristino dell'equilibrio tra naturale e artificiale, ricostituzione della resilienza territoriale, convivenza tra uomo e acqua; e quindi un approccio di water resilient urbanism. L’ acqua “cattiva” può coesistere se concepita integralmente nel territorio urbanizzato.
Water double face between risks and opportunities. For an aquaphilic design approach
VERGASSOLA, GIULIA
2017/2018
Abstract
The water has a double face; it is a source of life and a magnet for settlements, but also a source of fear and disastrous catastrophes. At the base of this change of face, there is a need for a balance between water and land. In the world sphere, and in particular in Holland and America, a reformist environmental planning is developing: water urbanism; which aims to create a systematic and more complete integration of aquatic landscapes with urban and suburban fabrics to produce environments focused on water with better synergies of urban form, health and well-being of the territory and of the people who live it. Water urbanism therefore proposes soft and green "aqua-philic" design solutions that can restore the level of resilience of the territory and restore the peaceful coexistence of a natural and artificial environment. In Italy, after 150 years of legislation on hydrogeological risk, giant steps have been taken; the introduction of the concept of prevention in planning has been introduced, and risk regulation plans have been developed, which identify and classify hydrogeological risk levels with relative provisions. In 1992, with the creation of the Civil Protection Department and flood emergency plans, management capacities were also enhanced in cases of serious circumstances; a huge step forward for the Italian territory, constantly the victim of disasters. Although progress has been made in legislative terms, control over them is still latent, and even today buildings are being built in areas classified at risk where they should not be built, the administrations have not implemented the plans, although foreseen by the laws, and not they update the documents, which makes them useful. Also in Lombardy, which is the first region by extension of the rivers, there is the problem of floods. In this sense, in recent years, several procedures have been taken, and project proposals have been made to prevent further disasters. Mostly, these are still proposals connected to the old method of thinking, linked to the preference of structural interventions, which can stop the floods, but which, instead, often tend to stiffen the territorial conditions, making them even more fragile. However, some significant changes emerge, such as the transition from a punctual planning to a territorial system on a large scale. Moreover, a Giulia Vergassola different urbanistic approach is found in some cases, such as the redevelopment proposed for the Lambro river, where the defined solutions are all in favor of river integration, and include green and recreational areas, soft mobility, and more space for venting the river. river. A reference then, to the water urbanism that is developing in foreign countries. Despite these small signs, the road to effective change is still long; Above all, it is necessary to abandon the idea that structural works are more effective, in order to support a line of light impact solutions. Secondly, greater control of compliance with the requirements is essential, as non-compliance, thwarts the energy and money committed by research and development agencies for the environment. Thirdly, if the objective of a territory without environmental risks is a scenario that is still utopian and certainly far away in time, an education for coexistence with them is appropriate. The dissemination and understanding of emergency plans and their functioning are feasible conditions and must be at the top of the priority list. Finally, a change in the approach to spatial planning of water resources is essential. Our country is already facing the transition from a disaster relief approach to a risk prevention approach. However, a further transition is indispensable and urgent; systemic integration between water and the urban environment, restoration of the balance between natural and artificial, reconstitution of territorial resilience, coexistence between man and water; and therefore a water resilient urbanism approach. "Bad" water can coexist if conceived entirely in the urbanized territory.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/142022