In the last years, the need of a radical change in the human consumption patterns represents an urgent challenge for governments, firms and consumers. The objective is to meet “the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (WCED, 1987). This is the most acknowledged definition of “Sustainable Development”. The following study is going to investigate the implementation of sustainable development in the agri-food industry, where its effect on the society and on the environment are immediately visible, through the radical change of companies’ business models towards a sustainability orientation. Because of the radicality of this change, the achievement of a sustainability orientation is easier for new ventures, rather than for incumbents. Therefore, the unit of analysis chosen for the study are startups. The findings of the study showed a significant prevalence of technological oriented innovations that are leading the startups’ business models towards sustainability orientation. In particular, it has been possible to describe the business model of 173 startups as “Maximize energy and material efficiency” through technological innovations, highlighting the research of efficiency as a key driver for the implementation of sustainability. Furthermore, the analysis of the study focused on a specific technological and environmental innovation, the “Creation of value from waste”. Through four case studies it has been possible to identify the main typologies of this business model applied to the supply chain stage “Service Providers”, and the main drivers that lead companies to its implementation. Moreover, through the Business Model Canvas tool, the drivers of the specific decision of the interviewed companies for each block of the Canvas have been analysed. For example, the main drivers for the decisions in the block “Key activities” have been identified in the research of scalability and reliability. The former is leading the companies towards a hub-less business model, while the latter is constraining some startups from relying on volunteers for the delivery services. Concerning the different layers of the Food Waste Hierarchy in which the startups are positioning, the type of product managed by the startup has been evaluated as the main decision driver, along with the role of policy makers, that can both, incentivize or constrain the implementation of the “Create value from waste” business model.
Negli ultimi anni, la consapevolezza della necessità di un cambiamento radicale nelle abitudini di consumo è cresciuta esponenzialmente, sia tra istituzioni ed imprese che tra i consumatori. L’obbiettivo è di “Soddisfare le necessità attuali senza compromettere la capacità delle future generazioni di soddisfare le proprie necessità” (WCED, 1987). Questa è la definizione più riconosciuta di “Sviluppo sostenibile”, la cui implementazione nell’industria alimentare verrà analizzata durante lo sviluppo della tesi. In questo contesto, i risvolti sociali ed ambientali dell’implementazione di un modello di business sostenibile sono immediatamente percepibili. A causa della radicalità del cambiamento, si è deciso di usare come unità di analisi le startups operanti nel settore, in quanto più propense ad implementare questa trasformazione rispetto ad aziende già consolidate. Lo studio ha mostrato la prevalenza di business model focalizzati sull’innovazione tecnologica come mezzo per creare sostenibilità. Nel dettaglio, il modello di business di 173 startups è stato descritto come “Massimizzare l’efficienza energetica e dei materiali” attraverso innovazione tecnologica. Ciò mette in luce l’importanza della ricerca di efficienza come motivazione per l’implementazione dello sviluppo sostenibile. Successivamente, l’analisi si è concentrata su una particolare tipologia di innovazione tecnologica, volta a creare valore dagli sprechi. Quattro studi di caso hanno permesso l’identificazione delle principali tipologie di questo modello di business nello stadio della filiera “Service providers”, delle principali motivazioni che hanno portato i fondatori intervistati ad intraprendere un simile modello di business e la specifica struttura analizzata dal caso studio. Inoltre, attraverso l’uso del Business Model Canvas, i fattori che hanno influenzato le decisioni delle startups intervistate per ogni blocco del Canvas sono state analizzate. Per esempio, per quanto riguarda le attività performate dalle aziende, la ricerca di scalabilità e affidabilità hanno guidato le decisioni delle startups. La prima ha portato allo sviluppo di modelli senza supporti fisici, la seconda ha invece impossibilitato alcune startups del campione ad affidarsi a dei volontari per il servizio di ritiro e consegna. La tipologia di prodotto trattato è invece risultata influenzare il posizionamento nella Food Waste Hierarchy. Anche le azioni dei policymakers risultano influenzare, sia in positivo che in negativo, l’implementazione del modello di business “Create value from waste”.
Sustainable agri-food startups : a study on business models and creation of value from waste
CROFF, ALBERTA;IANNINO, PIETRO
2017/2018
Abstract
In the last years, the need of a radical change in the human consumption patterns represents an urgent challenge for governments, firms and consumers. The objective is to meet “the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs” (WCED, 1987). This is the most acknowledged definition of “Sustainable Development”. The following study is going to investigate the implementation of sustainable development in the agri-food industry, where its effect on the society and on the environment are immediately visible, through the radical change of companies’ business models towards a sustainability orientation. Because of the radicality of this change, the achievement of a sustainability orientation is easier for new ventures, rather than for incumbents. Therefore, the unit of analysis chosen for the study are startups. The findings of the study showed a significant prevalence of technological oriented innovations that are leading the startups’ business models towards sustainability orientation. In particular, it has been possible to describe the business model of 173 startups as “Maximize energy and material efficiency” through technological innovations, highlighting the research of efficiency as a key driver for the implementation of sustainability. Furthermore, the analysis of the study focused on a specific technological and environmental innovation, the “Creation of value from waste”. Through four case studies it has been possible to identify the main typologies of this business model applied to the supply chain stage “Service Providers”, and the main drivers that lead companies to its implementation. Moreover, through the Business Model Canvas tool, the drivers of the specific decision of the interviewed companies for each block of the Canvas have been analysed. For example, the main drivers for the decisions in the block “Key activities” have been identified in the research of scalability and reliability. The former is leading the companies towards a hub-less business model, while the latter is constraining some startups from relying on volunteers for the delivery services. Concerning the different layers of the Food Waste Hierarchy in which the startups are positioning, the type of product managed by the startup has been evaluated as the main decision driver, along with the role of policy makers, that can both, incentivize or constrain the implementation of the “Create value from waste” business model.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/142483