In the current thesis project, a semi-automatic Matlab tool (The MathWorks, Inc., Natick USA) is developed in order to analyse the transvalvular fluid-dynamics and the intra-ventricular vortices fluid-dynamics, starting from phase contrast magnetic resonance volumetric images (4D Flow MRI). The implemented analysis allows to detect the main characteristics of the transvalvular blood flow and to study the vortices inside the right and left ventricles by means of different methods. The first one consists in a 3D evaluation of the vortices extracted with the lambda2 method, while the second one consists in the application of the lambda2 method on 9 rotational planes positioned around the ventricular axis passing through the centre of the considered valve. This is therefore a 2D analysis, which reduces the processing time from 6÷15 minutes (3D method) to 30÷40 seconds per dataset. The studied population is made of 9 patients with high morphological and fluid-dynamic variability, whose images were provided by I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato (Via Morandi 30, San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy): 3 healthy subjects, used as control dataset to validate the implemented methods, 2 patients affected by post-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, of which the left ventricular vortices were extracted, and 4 patients affected by pulmonary hypertension, of which the right ventricular vortices were extracted. The tool allowed to get geometric and fluid-dynamic parameters for each dataset and to visualise the obtained results thanks to a user-friendly graphical interface. The developed method therefore represents a complete analysis tool intended to be used by a clinical user. It allows to exploit the potential of the 4D Flow MRI technique to obtain more and more information on intra-ventricular fluid-dynamics. The main limits encountered in the implemented process concern the 2D analysis, which could be developed in the next future by reducing the approximations introduced in the estimation of the vortex volumes and by improving the possibilities to compare the 2D and 3D results.
Nel presente lavoro di tesi è stato sviluppato un tool semi-automatico Matlab (The MathWorks, Inc., Natick, USA) per l’analisi della fluidodinamica transvalvolare e delle strutture vorticose intra-ventricolari a partire da immagini volumetriche di risonanza magnetica a contrasto di fase (4D Flow MRI). Il metodo di analisi implementato permette di individuare le principali caratteristiche del flusso sanguigno transvalvolare e di studiare i vortici all’interno di ventricolo destro e ventricolo sinistro tramite due differenti metodologie. La prima consiste in un’analisi 3D dei vortici estratti tramite il metodo lambda2, mentre la seconda consiste nell’applicazione dello stesso metodo lambda2 su 9 piani rotazionali intorno all’asse ventricolare passante per il centro della valvola considerata. Ciò consiste dunque in un’analisi 2D, che riduce i tempi di processamento da 6÷15 minuti (metodo 3D) a 30÷40 secondi per ogni dataset. La popolazione analizzata è di 9 pazienti con elevata variabilità morfologica e fluidodinamica, le cui immagini sono state fornite dall’I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato (Via Morandi 30, San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy): 3 individui sani, utilizzati come dataset di controllo e verifica della validità dei metodi implementati, 2 pazienti affetti da cardiomiopatia dilatativa post-ischemica, di cui sono stati estratti i vortici nel ventricolo sinistro, e 4 pazienti affetti da ipertensione polmonare, di cui sono stati estratti i vortici nel ventricolo destro. Il tool ha permesso di ricavare per ogni dataset parametri geometrici e fluidodinamici specifici e di visualizzare tramite un’interfaccia grafica user-friendly i risultati ottenuti. Il tool sviluppato rappresenta quindi uno strumento di analisi completo, destinato all’utente clinico, che permette di sfruttare le potenzialità della tecnica 4D Flow MRI per ricavare sempre più informazioni sulla fluidodinamica intra-ventricolare. I principali limiti riscontrati nel processo attuato riguardano l’analisi 2D, che potrebbe essere sviluppata in futuro riducendo le approssimazioni introdotte nella stima dei volumi dei vortici e migliorando le possibilità di confronto con i dati ricavati tramite il metodo 3D.
Implementazione di un tool semi-automatico per l'analisi 3D e 2D dei vortici intra-ventricolari a partire da immagini 4D Flow MRI
GIROLA, GIULIA
2017/2018
Abstract
In the current thesis project, a semi-automatic Matlab tool (The MathWorks, Inc., Natick USA) is developed in order to analyse the transvalvular fluid-dynamics and the intra-ventricular vortices fluid-dynamics, starting from phase contrast magnetic resonance volumetric images (4D Flow MRI). The implemented analysis allows to detect the main characteristics of the transvalvular blood flow and to study the vortices inside the right and left ventricles by means of different methods. The first one consists in a 3D evaluation of the vortices extracted with the lambda2 method, while the second one consists in the application of the lambda2 method on 9 rotational planes positioned around the ventricular axis passing through the centre of the considered valve. This is therefore a 2D analysis, which reduces the processing time from 6÷15 minutes (3D method) to 30÷40 seconds per dataset. The studied population is made of 9 patients with high morphological and fluid-dynamic variability, whose images were provided by I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato (Via Morandi 30, San Donato Milanese, Milano, Italy): 3 healthy subjects, used as control dataset to validate the implemented methods, 2 patients affected by post-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, of which the left ventricular vortices were extracted, and 4 patients affected by pulmonary hypertension, of which the right ventricular vortices were extracted. The tool allowed to get geometric and fluid-dynamic parameters for each dataset and to visualise the obtained results thanks to a user-friendly graphical interface. The developed method therefore represents a complete analysis tool intended to be used by a clinical user. It allows to exploit the potential of the 4D Flow MRI technique to obtain more and more information on intra-ventricular fluid-dynamics. The main limits encountered in the implemented process concern the 2D analysis, which could be developed in the next future by reducing the approximations introduced in the estimation of the vortex volumes and by improving the possibilities to compare the 2D and 3D results.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/142704