The research work examines an architecture of London, the Barbican Estate. Architecture that presents ethical and aesthetic aspects of the architectural current of brutalism. The aim of the thesis is to identify the elements that have allowed the Barbican housing complex to be recognized as one of the few architectures in which the characters of brutalism have manifested themselves positively, so as to reap support from both intellectuals and ordinary citizens. of London, in particular by residents. The reference is to an architectural current, brutalism, which has produced many buildings, mostly residential, which have undergone an early deterioration, for reasons related to the design ambitions of the architects who were sometimes guided by an idealistic vision of reality. The Barbican is an exception in the field of brutalism, being recognized as an example of architecture to be protected. Raw materials, functional readability of architectural bodies, organized mobility on several levels are some of the characteristics of brutalism in the Barbican Estate. Both the Barbican Estate and brutalism can not be understood, regardless of the historical context in which they were born. The research work, therefore, opens with an analysis concerning the historical context from which the project originated; it was in fact the years in which the city of London went to a widespread reconstruction, consequently to the destruction caused by the massive bombings during the second world war by the German aviation. These conditions, in spite of themselves, have provided the architects working in England with the opportunity to put their design ambitions into practice; to dare and experiment with design on an exceptionally wide scale. Subsequently the characters of brutalism, an architectural current of which the Barbican is one of the highest expressions, are illustrated. In the central part of the work the Barbican is described from the first design printouts, passing through the construction phases that took more than two decades, up to more recent times when the building has obtained the degree of protection. In the final part the metologies adopted and the results obtained a confirmation of the thesis.
Il lavoro di ricerca prende in esame un’architettura di Londra, il Barbican Estate. Architettura che presenta aspetti etici ed estetici propri della corrente architettonica del brutalismo. Obiettivo della tesi è di identificare gli elementi che hanno consentito al complesso abitativo di Barbican di essere riconosciuto come una delle poche architetture in cui i caratteri del brutalismo si sono manifestati positivamente, così da roccogliere consensi sia da parte di intellettuali che da parte di comuni cittadini di Londra, in particolare dai residenti. Il riferimento è a una corrente architettonica, il brutalismo, che ha prodotto molti edifici, per lo più residenziali, che sono andati incontro a un degrado precoce, per motivi legati alle ambizioni progettuali degli architetti che talvolta erano guidate da una visione idealistica della realtà. Il Barbican rappresenta un’eccezione nell’ambito del brutalismo, essendo riconosciuto come un esempio di architettura da tutelare. Materiali grezzi, leggibilità funzionale dei corpi architettonici, mobilità organizzata su più livelli sono alcune delle caratteristiche proprie del brutalismo presenti nel Barbican Estate. Sia il Barbican Estate che il brutalismo non possono essere compresi, prescindendo dal contesto storico in cui sono nati. Il lavoro di ricerca, quindi, si apre con un’analisi riguardante il contesto storico da cui è scaturito il progetto; si trattava infatti degli anni in cui la città di Londra è andata incontro ad una diffusa ricostruzione, conseguentemente alle distruzioni causate dai bombardamenti avvenuti in modo massiccio durante la seconda guerra mondiale per opera dell’aviazione tedesca. Queste condizioni, loro malgrado, hanno fornito agli architetti operanti in Inghilterra la possibilità di mettere in pratica le loro ambizioni progettuali; di osare e sperimentare con la progettazione su una scala eccezionalmente ampia. Successivamente vengono illustrati i caratteri del brutalismo, corrente architettonica di cui il Barbican costituisce una delle massime espressioni. Nella parte centrale del lavoro viene descritto il Barbican dalle prime prosposte progettuali, passando per le fasi di costruzione che hanno richiesto più di due decenni, fino ad arrivare a tempi più recenti in cui l’edificio ha ottenuto il grado di tutela. Nella parte conclusiva vengono riportate le metologie adottate e i risultati ottenuti a conferma delle tesi.
Barbican estate. Un esempio eccezionale nel panorama architettonico brutalista
TOMASONI, LORENZO
2017/2018
Abstract
The research work examines an architecture of London, the Barbican Estate. Architecture that presents ethical and aesthetic aspects of the architectural current of brutalism. The aim of the thesis is to identify the elements that have allowed the Barbican housing complex to be recognized as one of the few architectures in which the characters of brutalism have manifested themselves positively, so as to reap support from both intellectuals and ordinary citizens. of London, in particular by residents. The reference is to an architectural current, brutalism, which has produced many buildings, mostly residential, which have undergone an early deterioration, for reasons related to the design ambitions of the architects who were sometimes guided by an idealistic vision of reality. The Barbican is an exception in the field of brutalism, being recognized as an example of architecture to be protected. Raw materials, functional readability of architectural bodies, organized mobility on several levels are some of the characteristics of brutalism in the Barbican Estate. Both the Barbican Estate and brutalism can not be understood, regardless of the historical context in which they were born. The research work, therefore, opens with an analysis concerning the historical context from which the project originated; it was in fact the years in which the city of London went to a widespread reconstruction, consequently to the destruction caused by the massive bombings during the second world war by the German aviation. These conditions, in spite of themselves, have provided the architects working in England with the opportunity to put their design ambitions into practice; to dare and experiment with design on an exceptionally wide scale. Subsequently the characters of brutalism, an architectural current of which the Barbican is one of the highest expressions, are illustrated. In the central part of the work the Barbican is described from the first design printouts, passing through the construction phases that took more than two decades, up to more recent times when the building has obtained the degree of protection. In the final part the metologies adopted and the results obtained a confirmation of the thesis.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/143192