The birth of public space is intrinsic to the birth of villages, cities, metropolises and since the most primitive forms of social aggregation man has always felt the need for moments and places to be able to share with the rest of the community. They played a fundamental role in the survival of the group, they played a cathartic function towards the fears and problems it faced and at the same time they represented the possibility of sharing, the possibility of developing the sense of belonging that is the basis of collective life. We could not even imagine a city without shared spaces, it would just be a cluster of buildings without connections, isolated in their inability to relate to each other. Every historical epoch, every socio-cultural context has given life to public spaces of very different nature, with contingent criticalities and potentialities but with the same social value. Nowadays the public space is experiencing a strong crisis; the establishment of principles of inequality and disintegration increasingly subject to the laws of the market has led to the denial of ‘heterogeneity’ typical of social living, the’ weakening of the values of citizenship and the privatization of common goods. The conditions of usability and accessibility have been increasingly degraded and public space is struggling to fulfil its functions as a social catalyst. The re-appropriation of public space and the reaffirmation of its identity therefore assume a role of primary importance in the processes of urban redevelopment and in the future of our cities. In my thesis project I decided to address this problem by developing a project that would aim to create conditions of accessibility and public usability of space, through the de-privatization and reaffirmation of the principles of heterogeneity and sharing. The interest for the municipality of Velden am Wörthersee was born during the internship activity that initially focused my attention on a call for tenders wanted by the city to reorganize the offices of the municipality and rethink the surrounding public spaces. Analysing the project area, a disproportion between the public spaces and the spaces dedicated to private accommodation and commercial activities immediately emerged. This urban structure has had a greater impact on the public accessibility of the lake, which is reduced to a few episodes of poor quality. The problem of an increasing privatization of the shores of the lake is a problem that has involved all the places that overlook the Wörthersee; it began in the early ‘900 with the rise of summer tourism and has never stopped. On March 18, 2017, the city council decided to suspend the construction of further buildings near the lake for two years in order to preserve its accessibility and preserve the cultural and landscape elements already too contaminated. In the program there is the elaboration of a development plan aimed at the realization of a greater number of open spaces, especially near the lake. With this in mind, I wanted to think about how we could intervene to restore to the city and its citizens a quality space capable of regenerating the increasingly exclusive relationship with the lake. In the history of Velden, the boundary between land and water played a leading role; it became a holiday destination for a society that had rediscovered the benefits of body care and had begun to develop the cult of recreation and leisure, the shores of the lake were the place where public life was consumed. The landscape aroused a growing interest in man and the architecture opened and projected into it, making it an integral part. Pier and bathing establishment became a place of meeting and sharing, a fertile ground for the development of social relations and common interests. Over the years, however, an increasing privatization of spaces has made access to the lake a privilege of a few, the establishments have become a protected and exclusive place that can be used according to economic possibilities, there has been an impoverishment of public spaces in terms of both quantity and quality. Starting from the bathing tradition of the Alpine resorts, it was decided to intervene by rethinking and redesigning the “waterfront” through a sequence of various and articulated public spaces, which would give continuity to the landscape but at the same time be able to offer a wide and continuous dialogue between urban and landscape elements. The heart of the project is the building of the new public baths that completes the system of public spaces together with the commercial street “Am Corso” and Gemonaplatz. The building is on two levels; on the first floor there is a bar that mainly relates to the city and its urban dimension, offering, however, a privileged point of view on the lake and the surrounding landscape. At -2m of the street level, we find the wooden platform that houses the activities related to swimming such as public sauna and swimming pools. An attempt has been made not to create a clear boundary between the urban dimension and that of the lake, favouring constant interaction: the differences in level are mediated by ramps and staircases that allow a gradual passage from one reality to another and the high permeability of the spaces favours flexible use and gives continuity to the environments. Another characteristic element of the project is the pitch roof that fits into the building through openings and changes of slope. If this movement of the surfaces on the one hand recalls the local architectural tradition on the other hand allows it to meet in the best possible way the needs of different spaces that coexist below. Taking inspiration from other projects related to bathing in which the enhancement of public space and attention to social activities and aggregation are at the center of the design, it has tried to create a reality that is able to suggest ways of use and coexistence of the space that do not compromise the quality of it and that allow it to become a resource for the city.
La nascita dello spazio pubblico è intrinseco alla nascita dei villaggi, delle città, delle metropoli e fin dalle più primitive forme di aggregazione sociale l’uomo ha sempre sentito la necessità di momenti e luoghi da poter condividere con il resto della comunità. Essi avevano un ruolo fondamentale per la sopravvivenza del gruppo, svolgevano una funzione catartica nei confronti delle paure e delle problematiche che si trovava ad affrontare e allo stesso tempo rappresentavano la possibilità di condivisione, la possibilità di sviluppare il senso di appartenenza che sta alla base della vita collettiva. Non potremmo neanche immaginare una città priva degli spazi di condivisione, sarebbe solamente un agglomerato di edifici privi di connessioni, isolati nella loro incapacità di relazionarsi con l’altro. Ogni epoca storica, ogni contesto socio-culturale ha dato vita a spazi pubblici di natura assai diversa tra loro,con criticità e potenzialità contingenti ma con lo stesso valore sociale. Al giorno d’oggi lo spazio pubblico sta vivendo una forte crisi; l’affermarsi di principi di disuguaglianza e disgregazione sempre più soggetti alle leggi di mercato ha portato alla negazione dell’ eterogeneità tipica del vivere sociale, all’ indebolimento dei valori di cittadinanza e alla privatizzazione dei beni comuni. Le condizioni di fruibilità e accessibilità hanno subito un sempre maggior degrado e lo spazio pubblico fatica ad assolvere le sue funzioni di catalizzatore sociale. La riappropriazione dello spazio pubblico e la riaffermazione della sua identità assumono quindi un ruolo di primaria importanza nei processi di riqualificazione urbana e nel futuro delle nostre città. Nel mio progetto di tesi ho deciso di affrontare tale problematica elaborando un progetto che si ponesse come obiettivo la creazione di condizioni di accessibilità e fruibilità pubblica dello spazio, attraverso la de-privatizzazione e la riaffermazione dei principi di eterogeneità e condivisione. L’interesse per il comune di Velden am Wörthersee è nato durante l’attività di tirocinio che inizialmente ha posto la mia attenzione su un bando di concorso voluto dalla città per riorganizzare gli uffici del comune e ripensare gli spazi pubblici circostanti. Analizzando l’area di progetto è emerso fin da subito una sproporzione tra quelli che erano gli spazi pubblici e gli spazi dedicati invece ad attività ricettive e commerciali di carattere privato. Tale assetto urbano ha gravato maggiormente sull’accessibilità pubblica del lago che si riduce a pochi episodi di scarsa qualità. Il problema di una sempre maggior privatizzazione delle sponde del lago è una problematica che ha coinvolto tutte le località che si affacciano sul Wörthersee; è cominciata agli inizi del ‘900 con l’affermarsi del turismo estivo e non si è mai interrotta. Il 18 marzo 2017 il consiglio comunale ha deciso di sospendere per due anni la costruzione di ulteriori edifici in prossimità del lago al fine di preservarne l’accessibilità e salvaguardare gli elementi culturali e paesaggistici già fin troppo contaminati. In programma vi è l’elaborazione di un piano di sviluppo finalizzato alla realizzazione di un maggior numero di spazi aperti soprattutto in prossimità del lago. In quest’ottica ho voluto pensare in che modo si sarebbe potuto intervenire per restituire alla città e ai suoi cittadini uno spazio di qualità in grado di rigenerare il sempre più esclusivo rapporto con il lago. Nella storia di Velden il confine tra terra e acqua ha svolto un ruolo da protagonista; divenuta meta di villeggiatura di una società che aveva riscoperto i benefici della cura del corpo e aveva cominciato a sviluppare il culto dello svago e del tempo libero, le sponde del lago erano il luogo in cui si consumava la vita pubblica. Il paesaggio suscitava un sempre maggior interesse nell’uomo e l’architettura si apriva e si proiettava in esso, rendendolo parte integrante. Moli e stabilimenti balneari divennero luogo d’incontro e condivisione, terreno fertile per lo sviluppo delle relazioni sociali e degli interessi comuni. Nel corso degli anni però, una sempre maggior privatizzazione degli spazi ha reso l’accesso al lago un privilegio di pochi, gli stabilimenti sono diventati un luogo protetto ed esclusivo di cui è possibile usufruire in base alle possibilità economiche; si è assistito ad un impoverimento degli spazi pubblici sia in termini quantitativi che in termini qualitativi. Ripartendo da quella che è stata la tradizione balneare nelle località alpine si è deciso di intervenire ripensando e ridisegnando il “waterfront” tramite una sequenza di spazi pubblici vari ed articolati, che dessero continuità al paesaggio ma allo stesso tempo fossero in grado di offrire un ampio e continuo dialogo tra gli elementi urbani e quelli paesaggistici. Fulcro del progetto è l’edificio del nuovo bagno pubblico che va a completare il sistema di spazi pubblici insieme alla via commerciale “Am Corso” e Gemonaplatz. L’edificio si sviluppa su due livelli; al primo piano vi è il bar che si relaziona principalmente con la città e la sua dimensione urbana offrendo, però, un punto di vista privilegiato sul lago e il paesaggio circostante. A quota -2m rispetto al livello della strada, troviamo la piattaforma in legno che ospita le attività legate alla balneazione quali sauna pubblica e piscine. Si è cercato di non creare un confine netto tra la dimensione urbana e quella del lago favorendone un’interazione costante: i dislivelli sono mediati da rampe e scalinate che consentono un passaggio graduale da una realtà all’altra e l’alta permeabilità degli spazi favorisce un utilizzo flessibile e conferisce continuità agli ambienti. Altro elemento caratterizzante del progetto è la copertura a falde che si incastra con l’edificio tramite aperture e cambi di pendenza. Se tale movimento delle superfici da un lato richiama la tradizione architettonica locale dall’altro gli permette di soddisfare nel migliore dei modi le esigenze di spazi diversi tra loro che convivono al di sotto. Prendendo spunto da altri progetti legati alla balneazione in cui la valorizzazione dello spazio pubblico e l’attenzione per le attività di carattere sociale e aggregativo sono al centro della progettazione, si è cercato di dar vita ad una realtà che sia in grado di suggerire modalità d’uso e di convivenza dello spazio che non compromettano la qualità di esso e che gli consentano di diventare una risorsa per la città.
Das stadtbad. Vivere lo spazio pubblico tra terra e lago
ZENOBI, SELENE
2017/2018
Abstract
The birth of public space is intrinsic to the birth of villages, cities, metropolises and since the most primitive forms of social aggregation man has always felt the need for moments and places to be able to share with the rest of the community. They played a fundamental role in the survival of the group, they played a cathartic function towards the fears and problems it faced and at the same time they represented the possibility of sharing, the possibility of developing the sense of belonging that is the basis of collective life. We could not even imagine a city without shared spaces, it would just be a cluster of buildings without connections, isolated in their inability to relate to each other. Every historical epoch, every socio-cultural context has given life to public spaces of very different nature, with contingent criticalities and potentialities but with the same social value. Nowadays the public space is experiencing a strong crisis; the establishment of principles of inequality and disintegration increasingly subject to the laws of the market has led to the denial of ‘heterogeneity’ typical of social living, the’ weakening of the values of citizenship and the privatization of common goods. The conditions of usability and accessibility have been increasingly degraded and public space is struggling to fulfil its functions as a social catalyst. The re-appropriation of public space and the reaffirmation of its identity therefore assume a role of primary importance in the processes of urban redevelopment and in the future of our cities. In my thesis project I decided to address this problem by developing a project that would aim to create conditions of accessibility and public usability of space, through the de-privatization and reaffirmation of the principles of heterogeneity and sharing. The interest for the municipality of Velden am Wörthersee was born during the internship activity that initially focused my attention on a call for tenders wanted by the city to reorganize the offices of the municipality and rethink the surrounding public spaces. Analysing the project area, a disproportion between the public spaces and the spaces dedicated to private accommodation and commercial activities immediately emerged. This urban structure has had a greater impact on the public accessibility of the lake, which is reduced to a few episodes of poor quality. The problem of an increasing privatization of the shores of the lake is a problem that has involved all the places that overlook the Wörthersee; it began in the early ‘900 with the rise of summer tourism and has never stopped. On March 18, 2017, the city council decided to suspend the construction of further buildings near the lake for two years in order to preserve its accessibility and preserve the cultural and landscape elements already too contaminated. In the program there is the elaboration of a development plan aimed at the realization of a greater number of open spaces, especially near the lake. With this in mind, I wanted to think about how we could intervene to restore to the city and its citizens a quality space capable of regenerating the increasingly exclusive relationship with the lake. In the history of Velden, the boundary between land and water played a leading role; it became a holiday destination for a society that had rediscovered the benefits of body care and had begun to develop the cult of recreation and leisure, the shores of the lake were the place where public life was consumed. The landscape aroused a growing interest in man and the architecture opened and projected into it, making it an integral part. Pier and bathing establishment became a place of meeting and sharing, a fertile ground for the development of social relations and common interests. Over the years, however, an increasing privatization of spaces has made access to the lake a privilege of a few, the establishments have become a protected and exclusive place that can be used according to economic possibilities, there has been an impoverishment of public spaces in terms of both quantity and quality. Starting from the bathing tradition of the Alpine resorts, it was decided to intervene by rethinking and redesigning the “waterfront” through a sequence of various and articulated public spaces, which would give continuity to the landscape but at the same time be able to offer a wide and continuous dialogue between urban and landscape elements. The heart of the project is the building of the new public baths that completes the system of public spaces together with the commercial street “Am Corso” and Gemonaplatz. The building is on two levels; on the first floor there is a bar that mainly relates to the city and its urban dimension, offering, however, a privileged point of view on the lake and the surrounding landscape. At -2m of the street level, we find the wooden platform that houses the activities related to swimming such as public sauna and swimming pools. An attempt has been made not to create a clear boundary between the urban dimension and that of the lake, favouring constant interaction: the differences in level are mediated by ramps and staircases that allow a gradual passage from one reality to another and the high permeability of the spaces favours flexible use and gives continuity to the environments. Another characteristic element of the project is the pitch roof that fits into the building through openings and changes of slope. If this movement of the surfaces on the one hand recalls the local architectural tradition on the other hand allows it to meet in the best possible way the needs of different spaces that coexist below. Taking inspiration from other projects related to bathing in which the enhancement of public space and attention to social activities and aggregation are at the center of the design, it has tried to create a reality that is able to suggest ways of use and coexistence of the space that do not compromise the quality of it and that allow it to become a resource for the city.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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DAS Stadtbad_Zenobi Selene.pdf
accessibile in internet per tutti
Descrizione: Thesis text
Dimensione
17.33 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
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17.33 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
TAV_Zenobi.pdf
accessibile in internet per tutti
Descrizione: Project drawings
Dimensione
39.19 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
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39.19 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/143307