At the European level, the built environment accounts for 40% of energy use and 25% of gas emissions. Energy consumptions in the operational phase of buildings is significantly increased by inefficient practices (Gianfrate et al., 2017). Emerging issues relate to the energy efficiency gap, defined as the discrepancy between designed solutions for retrofitting existing buildings and effective energy consumptions related to people behaviours. This is particularly evident in public housing context, where a wide variety of changing habits and beliefs coexist (Belafi et al., 2018). This research aims at bridging the actual gap between technical improvements and user’s behaviour by considering the role and relations of key actors throughout the design process of retrofitting, with particular emphasis on the degree at which user’s experience is envisaged. To this end, the Milanese case study (Feltrinelli 16) is analysed through the lens of Quadruple Helix model that looks at social innovation as result of a collective entity generated by the multi-lateral interplay of different actors (Cavallini, 2016). A key role is given to the fourth helix, the user, in sharing its knowledge and experience in the decision-making process (Arnkil, 2010). The research method combines tenants interviews and on-site observations with institutions interviews and focus groups. Results will be presented about the roles and relations of involved players with a particular focus on energy information, technical follow-up and behavioural advice. Evidences show the lack of coordination in the organisational system among different stakeholders (the owner, the building manager, residents committee….) without including effectively the final users that, in turns, adopt thermal comfort solutions according to personal assessments. Finally, some guidelines can be drawn to support the administrative system in defining energy policies in public housing aimed for a collaborative management model, able to integrate thermal practices and users’ knowledge. Particular emphasis has to be placed on the timing and the ways final users can be included into the system by promoting an iterative process in which experts inform residents about energy saving measures and, at the same time, residents send feedbacks to the experts that can then provide solutions at an early stage.
A livello europeo, il patrimonio edilizio esistente è responsabile del 40% del consumo di energia finale e del 20% delle emissioni di gas serra. In accordo Gianfrate et al. (2017) i consumi energetici degli edifici in fase d’uso aumentano in maniera rilevante a causa di pratiche inefficienti da parte degli abitanti. Le questioni emergenti riguardano il cosiddetto Energy Efficiency Gap inteso come il divario esistente tra le soluzioni progettate per la riqualificazione energetica degli edifici e i consumi energetici effettivi legati al comportamento delle persone. Questo fenomeno è particolarmente evidente nei contesti di edilizia pubblica, dove co(esistono) una grande varietà di abitudini ed attori (Belafi et al., 2018). Il seguente elaborato di ricerca si pone l’obiettivo di colmare il divario esistente tra i miglioramenti tecnici implementati e il comportamento effettivo adottato dagli abitanti, considerando il ruolo e le relazioni degli attori principali che intervengono nel processo di riqualificazione energetica, con un’attenzione particolare rivolta al grado di inclusione dell’esperienza abitante all’interno del processo. A tal fine, il caso di studio Milanese (Feltrinelli 16) è analizzato tramite le lenti del modello Quadruple Helix che considera l’innovazione sociale come il risultato di un’entità collettiva generata dall’interazione multi-laterale di diversi attori (Cavallini, 2016). Un ruolo chiave è attribuito alla quarta elica, la società civile, nella condivisione della propria conoscenza ed esperienza all’interno del processo decisionale (Arnkil, 2010). Il metodo di ricerca adottato combina interviste agli abitanti e osservazioni in loco con interviste alle istituzioni e focus group. Si constata una generale mancanza di coordinamento all’interno del sistema organizzativo tra i diversi attori, senza considerare in maniera efficace gli utilizzatori finali che, a loro volta, adottano forme di regolazione del comfort termico in casa secondo valutazione personali. Infine, alcune line guida sono elaborate a supporto delle autorità pubbliche nella definizione di politiche energetiche e abitative nei contesti di edilizia pubblica in grado di promuovere un modello di gestione collaborativo che integri le pratiche termiche e la conoscenza d’uso degli abitanti. Un’enfasi particolare deve essere posta ai tempi e ai modi in cui gli utilizzatori finali sono inclusi nel sistema, tramite la promozione di un processo iterativo che, da un lato, preveda un piano di informazione degli interventi realizzati da parte degli esperti e, dall’altro, includa la possibilità da parte dei residenti di inviare riscontri e osservazioni che permettano agli tecnici-esperti di intervenire con soluzioni tempestive.
Savoir-faire savoir d'usage. Un'esperienza di riqualificazione energetica del patrimonio pubblico abitativo
ROTONDO, FEDERICA
2017/2018
Abstract
At the European level, the built environment accounts for 40% of energy use and 25% of gas emissions. Energy consumptions in the operational phase of buildings is significantly increased by inefficient practices (Gianfrate et al., 2017). Emerging issues relate to the energy efficiency gap, defined as the discrepancy between designed solutions for retrofitting existing buildings and effective energy consumptions related to people behaviours. This is particularly evident in public housing context, where a wide variety of changing habits and beliefs coexist (Belafi et al., 2018). This research aims at bridging the actual gap between technical improvements and user’s behaviour by considering the role and relations of key actors throughout the design process of retrofitting, with particular emphasis on the degree at which user’s experience is envisaged. To this end, the Milanese case study (Feltrinelli 16) is analysed through the lens of Quadruple Helix model that looks at social innovation as result of a collective entity generated by the multi-lateral interplay of different actors (Cavallini, 2016). A key role is given to the fourth helix, the user, in sharing its knowledge and experience in the decision-making process (Arnkil, 2010). The research method combines tenants interviews and on-site observations with institutions interviews and focus groups. Results will be presented about the roles and relations of involved players with a particular focus on energy information, technical follow-up and behavioural advice. Evidences show the lack of coordination in the organisational system among different stakeholders (the owner, the building manager, residents committee….) without including effectively the final users that, in turns, adopt thermal comfort solutions according to personal assessments. Finally, some guidelines can be drawn to support the administrative system in defining energy policies in public housing aimed for a collaborative management model, able to integrate thermal practices and users’ knowledge. Particular emphasis has to be placed on the timing and the ways final users can be included into the system by promoting an iterative process in which experts inform residents about energy saving measures and, at the same time, residents send feedbacks to the experts that can then provide solutions at an early stage.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/143760