Since the beginning of the XX century, cities have begun to enlarge and grow bigger, requiring always more sophisticated facilities and services to manage and control people and guarantee them a good quality of life. Furthermore, travelling has become easier and people started moving from city to city and from country to country with more frequency. In this process cities have become a center of aggregation in which events with attendee coming from all over the world take place. Envisaging events such as Olympic Games, World Expositions and international fairs, municipalities of the most relevant cities are adopting always more sophisticated tools to guarantee people’s safety and security during these events thank to the use of best practices in crowd management. To this extent, this work is meant to highlight the role of Urban Facility Management (UFM) in the planning and organization of large events and how innovative tools can improve this service guaranteeing a higher level of safety and security for people. Starting from a review of the relevant literature concerning UFM and crowd management, through interview and interpretation of case studies, we will try to define which are the shortcomings in the state of art in the organization of public events. Furthermore, we will try to define the state of art of event planning and crowd management in the city of Milan, with the aim of outlining an integrated tool that can be used and marketed with the purpose of making safer big and mega events. This dissertation is structured in three main blocks. At first, an in-depth investigation on crowd management is carried out with the support of relevant literature and interview to people considered to have relevant experience in the field, trying to highlight which area of the crowd management need to be improved. The second building block is represented by the analysis of the available technologies which have been put to test in event management concerning the area of safety and security. The aim of the analysis is to identify the most relevant tools that can support the focus of our study. Finally, we tried to outline the perimeter of a start-up business that exploiting technologies within the urban environment is able to fill the gap in existing crowd management techniques delivering the possibility of a horizontal communication between the stakeholders involved in the process in the pre- event phase and early stages of the event and a post-event support tool, which is aimed at creating a network of professionals with access to an all-encompassing database of past events in which relevant data about organization, techniques, technologies and shortcomings are stored in order to support future planning. To conclude, the optimal tool from our perspective resulted to be a centralizing body integrating the support activities abovementioned reducing miscommunication and improving the final outcome of the planning phase from a point of view of quality management principle: the quality of first 15% of the work (planning), has a large impact on the effectiveness of the remaining 85% (implementation). The body itself changes how stakeholders involved in the management of crowds for large events interacts with each other, centralizing input and output communication in an entity that is accountable for the delivery of information, requirements and alerts promptly when needed and addressed to the right subject. Lastly, the central body will support post-event reporting providing good and bad practices to feed a database that will support future organizational activities.
Dall'inizio del XX secolo, le città hanno iniziato a crescere e diventare più complesse. Viaggiare è diventato più facile e le persone hanno iniziato a spostarsi da una città all'altra e da un paese all'altro. In questo processo, le città sono diventate un centro di aggregazione all’interno del quale, gli eventi hanno ottenuto notevole importanza grazie alle numerose presenze di persone provenienti da tutto il mondo. Eventi come i Giochi olimpici, le fiere mondiali e le fiere internazionali, sono il risultato delle migliori pratiche nella gestione della folla. Detto ciò, l’obiettivo di questo lavoro è quello di evidenziare il ruolo dell’ Urban Facility Management (UFM) nella pianificazione e organizzazione di grandi eventi. Partendo da una revisione della letteratura pertinente sul tema UFM e gestione della folla, cercheremo di definire le carenze nello stato dell'arte nell'organizzazione di eventi pubblici. Inoltre, si cercherà di definire lo stato dell'arte della pianificazione degli eventi e della gestione della folla nella città di Milano, con l'obiettivo di delineare uno strumento integrato che possa essere utilizzato e commercializzato allo scopo di rendere più sicuri tutte le tipologie di eventi, soprattutto quelli di notevole dimensione. Questa tesi è strutturata in tre blocchi principali. Nel primo viene effettuata un'indagine approfondita sulla gestione della folla tramite al supporto della letteratura e attraverso interviste mirate, indirizzate a persone aventi un'esperienza rilevante in tale campo, cercando di evidenziare quale area della gestione della folla debba essere migliorata. Il secondo blocco è rappresentato dall'analisi delle tecnologie disponibili sul mercato che sono state testate nella gestione degli eventi in ambito di sicurezza. Lo scopo dell'analisi è identificare gli strumenti più rilevanti in grado di supportare il focus del nostro studio. Infine, abbiamo cercato di delineare il perimetro di una start-up che, sfruttando le tecnologie all'interno dell'ambiente urbano, sia in grado di colmare lacune nelle esistenti tecniche di gestione della folla offrendo la possibilità di una comunicazione orizzontale tra le parti interessate e coinvolte nel processo. L’obiettivo è quello di creare uno strumento di supporto post-evento, che miri a creare una rete di professionisti con accesso a un database onnicomprensivo di eventi passati in cui sono archiviati dati rilevanti su organizzazione, tecniche, tecnologie e carenze per supportare la pianificazione futura. Per concludere, lo strumento ottimale dal nostro punto di vista è risultato essere un organismo centralizzato che integra le attività di supporto sopra descritte riducendo i problemi di comunicazione e migliorando l'esito finale della fase di pianificazione secondo il principio di qualità: la qualità del primo 15% del lavoro (pianificazione), ha un grande impatto sull'efficacia del restante 85% (implementazione). L’entità accentrante cambia il modo in cui le parti interessate coinvolte nella gestione delle folle per eventi di grandi dimensioni interagiscono tra loro, centralizzando la comunicazione di input e output in un'entità responsabile della consegna di informazioni, requisiti e avvisi tempestivamente quando necessario e indirizzata al soggetto giusto. Infine, l'organismo centrale coadiuverà la fase di reportistica post-evento fornendo buone e cattive pratiche per alimentare un database che supporterà le future attività organizzative.
An integrated control room for crowd management at urban scale
IULITA, ELIA;GIOVANETTI, SIMONE
2017/2018
Abstract
Since the beginning of the XX century, cities have begun to enlarge and grow bigger, requiring always more sophisticated facilities and services to manage and control people and guarantee them a good quality of life. Furthermore, travelling has become easier and people started moving from city to city and from country to country with more frequency. In this process cities have become a center of aggregation in which events with attendee coming from all over the world take place. Envisaging events such as Olympic Games, World Expositions and international fairs, municipalities of the most relevant cities are adopting always more sophisticated tools to guarantee people’s safety and security during these events thank to the use of best practices in crowd management. To this extent, this work is meant to highlight the role of Urban Facility Management (UFM) in the planning and organization of large events and how innovative tools can improve this service guaranteeing a higher level of safety and security for people. Starting from a review of the relevant literature concerning UFM and crowd management, through interview and interpretation of case studies, we will try to define which are the shortcomings in the state of art in the organization of public events. Furthermore, we will try to define the state of art of event planning and crowd management in the city of Milan, with the aim of outlining an integrated tool that can be used and marketed with the purpose of making safer big and mega events. This dissertation is structured in three main blocks. At first, an in-depth investigation on crowd management is carried out with the support of relevant literature and interview to people considered to have relevant experience in the field, trying to highlight which area of the crowd management need to be improved. The second building block is represented by the analysis of the available technologies which have been put to test in event management concerning the area of safety and security. The aim of the analysis is to identify the most relevant tools that can support the focus of our study. Finally, we tried to outline the perimeter of a start-up business that exploiting technologies within the urban environment is able to fill the gap in existing crowd management techniques delivering the possibility of a horizontal communication between the stakeholders involved in the process in the pre- event phase and early stages of the event and a post-event support tool, which is aimed at creating a network of professionals with access to an all-encompassing database of past events in which relevant data about organization, techniques, technologies and shortcomings are stored in order to support future planning. To conclude, the optimal tool from our perspective resulted to be a centralizing body integrating the support activities abovementioned reducing miscommunication and improving the final outcome of the planning phase from a point of view of quality management principle: the quality of first 15% of the work (planning), has a large impact on the effectiveness of the remaining 85% (implementation). The body itself changes how stakeholders involved in the management of crowds for large events interacts with each other, centralizing input and output communication in an entity that is accountable for the delivery of information, requirements and alerts promptly when needed and addressed to the right subject. Lastly, the central body will support post-event reporting providing good and bad practices to feed a database that will support future organizational activities.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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An Integrated Control Room For Crowd Management At Urban Scale.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/143948