Facility management (FM) is a dynamic practice, constantly changing and improving. From management of one building to larger portfolios, this metamorphic profession has always supported organizations and businesses in maintaining their more valuable assets. Recent research has highlighted an emerging trend in the FM practice: Urban Facility Management (UFM). The transition from basic FM towards management of complex urban areas is a highly challenging development of the field. Moving principles of Facility Management from a micro scale, the building, to a macro scale, the urban area, is an intricated task. Nowadays the cities should be sustainable and resilient, adaptable to the new technologies and focused on the wellbeing of the communities working and living in them. Managing the built environment requires an integrated approach and the collaboration of multiple stakeholders in ensuring economically, socially and environmentally sustainable actions. In this context the Urban Facility Management can tackle both the opportunities and the challenges of cities, providing a new way of management. To shed a light on onto this rising practice and understand how it is emerging, this thesis aims to thoroughly analyse the literature and to provide a practical framework for the application of Urban Facility Management. This has been done by addressing the main characteristics of UFM: the urban assets, the urban services, the stakeholders and the organizational model. The general model of UFM, conceived in this thesis, aims at delineating the main components of this practice and untangling its complexity and manifold aspects. On the basis on the model of UFM, a proposal for Milano Innovation District, a development project of a Science & Technology Park in Italy, has been provided. The in-depth analysis of the literature of Urban Facility Management boosted a general understanding of the management practice. The investigation of real approaches, instead, supported the definition of a general model of UFM. The studied cases, analysed trough on-site observations and interviews, are three regenerated areas in Oslo in which a cutting-edge form of management is performed. The literature background led to the recognition that UFM has its roots in the shifted practice of Facility Management towards sustainability, especially concerning social aspects. This community-oriented approach delivers the best integration between people, process and place for the wellbeing of the society. The UFM organization works for the core business of the urban area and it is a thriving platform of stakeholders. The increased number of stakeholders, urban assets and services respect to the Facility Management profession, is a challenge and, at the same time, an innovation. However, the literature has appeared to be not exhaustive in delivering a practical framework of UFM thus resulting in the need of filling this gap throughout this thesis work. The analysis of best practices of management of urban areas in Oslo unfolded the key aspects of UFM: - central governance, - community involvement through co-ownerships, - not-for-profit organization, - UFM services promote sustainability and inclusive growth. Subsequently, the key aspects have been applied into the MIND model, resulting in an innovative management method consistent with the objectives of the scientific and technological park stakeholders. Even though it is not widely acknowledged, the urban facility management is an effective step towards more environmental, economic and social sustainable cities.
Il Facility Management (FM) è una professione dinamica, in costante cambiamento e miglioramento. Dalla gestione di un edificio a portafogli più grandi, questa professione mutevole ha sempre supportato le organizzazioni e le imprese nel gestire le loro risorse. Recenti ricerche hanno evidenziato una tendenza emergente nella pratica del FM: Urban Facility Management (UFM). Il passaggio del Facility Management alla gestione di aree urbane rappresenta uno sviluppo intricato del settore. Spostare i principi di Facility Management da una “micro-scala”, l'edificio, ad una “macro-scala”, l'area urbana, è un compito complesso. Oggigiorno le città dovrebbero essere sostenibili e resilienti, adatte ad accogliere le nuove tecnologie e focalizzate sul benessere delle comunità che lavorano e vivono in esse. La gestione dell'ambiente costruito richiede un approccio integrato e la collaborazione di più parti interessate nell'assicurare azioni economicamente, socialmente e ambientalmente sostenibili. In questo contesto, l'Urban Facility Management può affrontare sia le opportunità che le sfide delle città, fornendo un nuovo modo di gestione. Per approfondire questa pratica emergente e capire come si sta sviluppando, in questa tesi è stata analizzata a fondo la letteratura ed è stato fornito un quadro pratico per l'applicazione dell’Urban Facility Management. Ciò è stato eseguito osservando le principali caratteristiche dell'UFM: il patrimonio urbano, i servizi urbani, gli stakeholder e il modello organizzativo. Il modello generale di UFM, concepito in questa tesi, mira a delineare i componenti principali di questa pratica e a districarne le complessità e i molteplici aspetti. Sulla base del modello di UFM, è stata fornita una proposta per Milano Innovation District (MIND), un progetto di sviluppo di un parco scientifico e tecnologico in Italia. L'analisi approfondita della letteratura sull’Urban Facility Management ha rafforzato la comprensione generale della pratica gestionale. L'indagine sugli approcci reali, invece, ha supportato la definizione di un modello generale di UFM. I casi studiati, analizzati attraverso osservazioni in loco e interviste, sono tre aree rigenerate a Oslo in cui viene effettuata una forma di gestione urbana all'avanguardia. La letteratura esaminata ha portato al riconoscimento che l'UFM ha le sue radici nella pratica del Facility Management orientata verso la sostenibilità, specialmente per quanto riguarda gli aspetti sociali. Questo approccio, inclusivo della comunità, offre la migliore integrazione tra persone, processi e luoghi per il benessere della società. L'organizzazione UFM lavora per il core business dell'area urbana ed è una fiorente piattaforma di stakeholders. L'aumento del numero di parti interessate, beni e servizi urbani rispetto alla professione del Facility Management è una sfida e, allo stesso tempo, un'innovazione. Tuttavia, la letteratura è sembrata non esaustiva nel fornire un quadro pratico di UFM, risultando così nella necessità di colmare questa lacuna durante questo lavoro di tesi. L'analisi delle best practices di gestione delle aree urbane di Oslo ha chiarificato gli aspetti chiave dell'UFM: - modello centrale di governo, - coinvolgimento della comunità attraverso forme di comproprietà, - organizzazione senza scopo di lucro, - e servizi UFM che promuovono la sostenibilità e la crescita inclusiva. Gli aspetti chiave sono stati successivamente applicati per il modello MIND, risultando in un innovativo metodo di gestione coerente con gli obiettivi degli stakeholders del parco scientifico e tecnologico. Anche se non è ancora ampiamente riconosciuto, l’Urban Facility Management è un valido ed effettivo passo verso città più sostenibili dal punto di vista ambientale, economico e sociale.
Urban facility management. Study on practices in regenerated urban areas
LARATO, FEDERICA
2017/2018
Abstract
Facility management (FM) is a dynamic practice, constantly changing and improving. From management of one building to larger portfolios, this metamorphic profession has always supported organizations and businesses in maintaining their more valuable assets. Recent research has highlighted an emerging trend in the FM practice: Urban Facility Management (UFM). The transition from basic FM towards management of complex urban areas is a highly challenging development of the field. Moving principles of Facility Management from a micro scale, the building, to a macro scale, the urban area, is an intricated task. Nowadays the cities should be sustainable and resilient, adaptable to the new technologies and focused on the wellbeing of the communities working and living in them. Managing the built environment requires an integrated approach and the collaboration of multiple stakeholders in ensuring economically, socially and environmentally sustainable actions. In this context the Urban Facility Management can tackle both the opportunities and the challenges of cities, providing a new way of management. To shed a light on onto this rising practice and understand how it is emerging, this thesis aims to thoroughly analyse the literature and to provide a practical framework for the application of Urban Facility Management. This has been done by addressing the main characteristics of UFM: the urban assets, the urban services, the stakeholders and the organizational model. The general model of UFM, conceived in this thesis, aims at delineating the main components of this practice and untangling its complexity and manifold aspects. On the basis on the model of UFM, a proposal for Milano Innovation District, a development project of a Science & Technology Park in Italy, has been provided. The in-depth analysis of the literature of Urban Facility Management boosted a general understanding of the management practice. The investigation of real approaches, instead, supported the definition of a general model of UFM. The studied cases, analysed trough on-site observations and interviews, are three regenerated areas in Oslo in which a cutting-edge form of management is performed. The literature background led to the recognition that UFM has its roots in the shifted practice of Facility Management towards sustainability, especially concerning social aspects. This community-oriented approach delivers the best integration between people, process and place for the wellbeing of the society. The UFM organization works for the core business of the urban area and it is a thriving platform of stakeholders. The increased number of stakeholders, urban assets and services respect to the Facility Management profession, is a challenge and, at the same time, an innovation. However, the literature has appeared to be not exhaustive in delivering a practical framework of UFM thus resulting in the need of filling this gap throughout this thesis work. The analysis of best practices of management of urban areas in Oslo unfolded the key aspects of UFM: - central governance, - community involvement through co-ownerships, - not-for-profit organization, - UFM services promote sustainability and inclusive growth. Subsequently, the key aspects have been applied into the MIND model, resulting in an innovative management method consistent with the objectives of the scientific and technological park stakeholders. Even though it is not widely acknowledged, the urban facility management is an effective step towards more environmental, economic and social sustainable cities.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/143954