Industrial automation, supported by the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) paradigm, has become a driving force in production systems. The introduction of I4.0 technologies, architectures and services offer a new perspective on automated and flexible production systems. Within this new industrial revolution, smart manufacturing represents a new way to produce goods and manage production processes. Among the main enabling technologies related to the wave of I4.0, there are Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet of Things and Simulation. These technologies find their application in the Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), intelligent systems with communication and computing capabilities, that connect real and virtual world. A way to exploit this interaction is a simulation environment called Digital Twin (DT). The DT is able to simulate in real-time a system in a virtual environment, synchronized to the real one, and it introduces a new perspective for the concept of energy management in production systems. Thanks to the continuous interaction with the real system, DT can be used for the real-time evaluation of energy-based Key Performance Indicators (KPI). Within the Industry4.0 Laboratory (I4.0Lab) of Politecnico di Milano, these improvements are evaluated. Starting from the development of the Digital Twin of the line inside the I4.0Lab, the aim of this work is to develop a platform able to describe in real-time the behaviour of a real system, introducing an energy-based KPI (e-KPI) able to evaluate its energetic performance. At the same time, this work investigates how I4.0 technologies can support Circular Economy (CE) principles, focusing the attention on the use of simulation software (Virtual Reality) for the reconfiguration of production systems for disassembly processes. The presence of an autonomous robot in the I4.0Lab assembly line allows to perform also disassembly processes, as it can be reprogrammed to perform them. In this way, through simulation and through the autonomous robot (which is another enabling technology of I4.0) it is possible to implement and evaluate the disassembly process on a line which was originally born for assembly processes. At the end, the developed platform is applied to both the assembly and disassembly processes, and the results, expressed in e-KPI, are discussed. This work finds its application in a more wider framework, the H2020 FENIX project, investigating how I4.0 technologies can support and enhance Circular Economy.
Lo sviluppo tecnologico introdotto dal paradigma dell'Industria 4.0 (I4.0) ha portato ad un sostanziale cambiamento nel settore industriale. L'introduzione di tecnologie, architetture e servizi legati ad I4.0 offre nuovi scenari per sistemi produttivi automatizzati e flessibili. All'interno di questa quarta rivoluzione industriale, Smart Manufacturing rappresenta un nuovo modo di produrre beni e di gestire i processi produttivi. Tra le maggiori tecnologie abilitanti legate all'impulso dell' I4.0, ci sono Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet of Things e Simulation. Queste tecnologie trovano applicazione nei Cyber Physical Systems, sistemi intelligenti con capacità computazionali e di comunicazione, che fanno da ponte tra il mondo reale e quello virtuale. Un modo per sfruttare questa sincronizzazione è il Digital Twin (DT). Il DT è in grado di simulare in real-time il sistema in un ambiente virtuale, sincronizzato con quello reale. Allo stesso tempo, introduce nuovi orizzonti nella gestione dei flussi energetici nei sistemi produttivi. Grazie alla continua comunicazione con il sistema reale, il DT può essere utilizzato per la valutazione real-time di KPI (Key Performance Indicator) su base energetica. Nel Laboratorio di Industria 4.0 del Politecnico di Milano (I4.0Lab), queste soluzioni sono valutate. A partire dallo sviluppo del DT della linea all'interno del I4.0Lab, l'obiettivo di questo lavoro è lo sviluppo di una piattaforma capace di descrivere real-time il comportamento del sistema reale, introducendo un KPI energetico (e-KPI), capace di stimare le performance del sistema. Contemporaneamente, questo lavoro va ad analizzare come le tecnologie I4.0 possono sostenere i principi di Economia Circolare, prestando particolare attenzione sull'utilizzo di software di simulazione (e.g. Virtual Reality) per l'implementazione di processi di disassemblaggio all'interno di sistemi produttivi. La presenza di un robot all'interno dell'I4.0Lab permette di implementare un processo di disassemblaggio nell'ambiente di laboratorio. In questo modo, la combinazione di simulazione e robot permette di implementare e valutare il processo di disassemblaggio su una linea progettata per processi di assemblaggio. In conclusione, la piattaforma sviluppata è applicata per la valutazione di processi di assemblaggio e disassemblaggio, e i risultati ottenuti in termini di e-KPI sono discussi. Il lavoro di tesi trova applicazione nel progetto FENIX, che mira ad investigare come le tecnologie dell'Industria 4.0 possano supportare i principi di Economia Circolare.
Development and laboratory test of a platform for monitoring of assembly and disassembly processes
CAIOLI, LORENZO;ASSIRO, GIAMMARCO
2017/2018
Abstract
Industrial automation, supported by the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) paradigm, has become a driving force in production systems. The introduction of I4.0 technologies, architectures and services offer a new perspective on automated and flexible production systems. Within this new industrial revolution, smart manufacturing represents a new way to produce goods and manage production processes. Among the main enabling technologies related to the wave of I4.0, there are Big Data, Cloud Computing, Internet of Things and Simulation. These technologies find their application in the Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), intelligent systems with communication and computing capabilities, that connect real and virtual world. A way to exploit this interaction is a simulation environment called Digital Twin (DT). The DT is able to simulate in real-time a system in a virtual environment, synchronized to the real one, and it introduces a new perspective for the concept of energy management in production systems. Thanks to the continuous interaction with the real system, DT can be used for the real-time evaluation of energy-based Key Performance Indicators (KPI). Within the Industry4.0 Laboratory (I4.0Lab) of Politecnico di Milano, these improvements are evaluated. Starting from the development of the Digital Twin of the line inside the I4.0Lab, the aim of this work is to develop a platform able to describe in real-time the behaviour of a real system, introducing an energy-based KPI (e-KPI) able to evaluate its energetic performance. At the same time, this work investigates how I4.0 technologies can support Circular Economy (CE) principles, focusing the attention on the use of simulation software (Virtual Reality) for the reconfiguration of production systems for disassembly processes. The presence of an autonomous robot in the I4.0Lab assembly line allows to perform also disassembly processes, as it can be reprogrammed to perform them. In this way, through simulation and through the autonomous robot (which is another enabling technology of I4.0) it is possible to implement and evaluate the disassembly process on a line which was originally born for assembly processes. At the end, the developed platform is applied to both the assembly and disassembly processes, and the results, expressed in e-KPI, are discussed. This work finds its application in a more wider framework, the H2020 FENIX project, investigating how I4.0 technologies can support and enhance Circular Economy.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/144109