Ternary systems V2O5-MoO3(WO3)/TiO2 represent the state of the art of commercial catalysts in NH3-SCR processes for the after-treatment of combustion gases in coal-fired power plants. In this thesis work, an in-depth kinetic analysis of V/Mo/Ti-based model catalysts tested in powder and micro-slab form on a laboratory-scale was performed. The kinetic study on a laboratory-scale is traditionally conducted by means of powdered catalysts such that the contribution of mass transfer limitations is negligible. However, the real catalyst geometry (monolith or plates) is inherently associated with the important roles of intraporous mass transfer limitations. These are present at the full-scale as well as at the pilot-scale. In this study, the design on a new lab-scale reactor where the catalyst is tested as micro-slab was analysed. First, the preliminary sizing of the reactor was addressed by a modelling analysis using a heterogeneous 1D model analysis. Subsequently, an in-depth experimental kinetic investigation was carried out over a home-made catalyst, both in the form of micro-slab and in the form of powders. The modelling analysis of the activity tests on powders allowed to extract the intrinsic kinetics. The modelling analysis of the activity tests on micro-slab (accounting for the estimate of the reaction rate and the estimate of intraporous diffusion coefficient) allowed to evaluate the impact of mass transfer. Surface defects were found to be important in the final performance of the micro-slab. Finally, a FT-IR study on a binary V/Ti catalyst was carried out to improve the understanding of the redox nature of the reaction and, in particular, of the inhibiting effect of water revealed by the tests on powders and micro-slab.
I sistemi ternari V2O5-MoO3 (WO3) / TiO2 rappresentano lo stato dell'arte dei catalizzatori commerciali nei processi NH3-SCR per il post-trattamento dei gas di combustione delle centrali a carbone. In questo lavoro di tesi, è stata eseguita un'analisi cinetica approfondita di catalizzatori modello V/Mo/Ti testati in forma di polvere e micro-slab su scala di laboratorio. Lo studio cinetico su scala di laboratorio viene tradizionalmente condotto per mezzo di catalizzatori in polvere in modo tale che il contributo delle limitazioni di trasferimento di materia sia trascurabile. Tuttavia, la vera geometria del catalizzatore (monolita o a piastre) è intrinsecamente associata al ruolo importante delle limitazioni intraporose di trasferimento di materia. Queste sono presenti sia su scala reale che su scala pilota. In questo studio, è stato analizzato il progetto su un nuovo reattore in scala di laboratorio in cui il catalizzatore è stato testato come micro-slab. In primo luogo, il dimensionamento preliminare del reattore è stato affrontato mediante un'analisi di modellazione con un modello 1D eterogeneo. Successivamente, un'indagine cinetica sperimentale approfondita è stata condotta su un catalizzatore home-made, sia sotto forma di micro-slab che sotto forma di polveri. L'analisi modellistica dei test di attività sulle polveri ha permesso di estrarre la cinetica intrinseca della reazione. L'analisi di modellizzazione dei test di attività su micro-slab (che tiene conto della stima della velocità di reazione e della stima del coefficiente di diffusione intraporosa) ha permesso di valutare l'impatto del trasferimento di massa. I difetti superficiali sono risultati importanti nella prestazione finale della micro-slab. Infine, è stato condotto uno studio FT-IR su un catalizzatore binario V/Ti per migliorare la comprensione della natura redox della reazione e, in particolare, dell'effetto inibitore dell'acqua rivelato dai test su polveri e micro-slab.
Experimental and modelling analysis of NH3-SCR over V-based catalyst from powders and micro-slabs
CRESPI, GIOVANNI MARIA;VENTURA, ANTONIO
2017/2018
Abstract
Ternary systems V2O5-MoO3(WO3)/TiO2 represent the state of the art of commercial catalysts in NH3-SCR processes for the after-treatment of combustion gases in coal-fired power plants. In this thesis work, an in-depth kinetic analysis of V/Mo/Ti-based model catalysts tested in powder and micro-slab form on a laboratory-scale was performed. The kinetic study on a laboratory-scale is traditionally conducted by means of powdered catalysts such that the contribution of mass transfer limitations is negligible. However, the real catalyst geometry (monolith or plates) is inherently associated with the important roles of intraporous mass transfer limitations. These are present at the full-scale as well as at the pilot-scale. In this study, the design on a new lab-scale reactor where the catalyst is tested as micro-slab was analysed. First, the preliminary sizing of the reactor was addressed by a modelling analysis using a heterogeneous 1D model analysis. Subsequently, an in-depth experimental kinetic investigation was carried out over a home-made catalyst, both in the form of micro-slab and in the form of powders. The modelling analysis of the activity tests on powders allowed to extract the intrinsic kinetics. The modelling analysis of the activity tests on micro-slab (accounting for the estimate of the reaction rate and the estimate of intraporous diffusion coefficient) allowed to evaluate the impact of mass transfer. Surface defects were found to be important in the final performance of the micro-slab. Finally, a FT-IR study on a binary V/Ti catalyst was carried out to improve the understanding of the redox nature of the reaction and, in particular, of the inhibiting effect of water revealed by the tests on powders and micro-slab.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/144148