The ideal solution to a problem can be a simple, tried-and-tested approach, or it can emerge after countless attempts and bring forth something completely new. The previous quote describes the beginning of a new smart way to live. Living in a smart environment means being able to simply and easily access to a stimulating, rich environment filled with opportunities. The design of this environment is focusing on 5 main factors, attempting to create smart living, smart mobility, smart working, smart environment and at the end of all it will finish creating smart people, all of them together at the end, in an implicit way are a smart community. A city could have an abundances of definitions depending of the perspective, however, one of the simplest way to see it is understanding a city as the merger of multiples communities. Cities are in a transformation process, reinventing themselves overtime to advance their economic, social and technological performance and improve their competiveness to manage the ongoing urban changes. Every city faces different problems regarding with their own “core”, meaning that not all of them suffer from the same diseases, therefore, the antidote to improve their performance in order to be efficient, should take in consideration the specific characteristics of each of them. Not all the citizens have the same culture, education system, belonging sense for their city, and other features that historically are part of the idiosyncrasy of each city or community. The new problems that every city have been facing during the last decades, create at the same time a chance to reinvent themselves and be more efficient. Nowadays, each city is targeting to be sustainable, and in other to achieve it they must create the enabling factors, innovate their administration’s processes and their service towards the citizens. The cities have been facing different challenges, from rapid growing population to high energy demand, and high standards of amenities in urban areas. In developed countries, challenges are due to declining birth rates, aging societies demanding better healthcare services, and deterioration of physical infrastructure such as buildings, roads, water supply and sewage systems, and power grid. Moreover, the environmental situation is something that is a global concern, increasing carbon dioxide emissions and frequent natural disasters are urgent issues. A new world, new challenges, new ways and paths require something that reshape people’s life and maybe one accurate answer to solve this situation could be replying successful small smart communities, that can be a trend model for other ones around, and could have a snowball effect in a higher scale, transforming even cities or countries. Thus, smart communities may be viewed as a template of how smart technologies-people can allow local systems to effectively harness these global forces and deploy the results in a positive generation of new opportunities, socially, politically, and economically. A multi-stakeholder model, where in order to reach a level of success all parts should be involved. Therefore, the target of this paper is to analyses the different type of smart cities, smart communities in all their versions, how they work and are composed, their evolution over the time and extract a model with their main features, that could be a guide line for future communities. Finally, do a step into the particular case of energy communities and the technologies that are part of it. Analyzing successful cases in detail, mainly in Italy, and extracting the technological development, features and processes, this paper will be a model of a community that is in the smartening process, in other words, becoming a smart community.
Nell'ultimo decennio il termine "smart city" sta diventando più familiare per tante persone. Tuttavia, è un concetto da osservare con maggiore attenzione per poter essere utilizzato correttamente. Raggiungere un livello di intelligenza dei cittadini implica lavorare sostanzialmente su quattro pilastri: "smart living", "smart working ", "smart mobility" e "smart environment". Tutti questi concetti sono diversi fra loro, ma tendono ad allinearsi. Questo progetto valuta la trasformazione di molte città in tutto il mondo e studia varie metodologie utili a raggiungere lo status di "città intelligente". Più in dettaglio, si vuole mostrare come i cittadini sono una parte fondamentale di questo sviluppo e come le loro iniziative, la partecipazione proattiva e il feedback costante, possono contribuire a intraprendere la strada giusta per la generazione di una comunità intelligente. L'obiettivo di questo progetto sarà quello di analizzare le evoluzioni tecnologiche in ognuno dei pilastri menzionati in precedenza e il loro impatto diretto su una comunità che decide di implementarle. Una parte importante di questo lavoro consiste nell'approfondire il funzionamento e l'implementazione del progetto. Alla fine si proverà a dare al lettore una visione a 360 gradi su concetti importanti di questa tesi come smart city, smart community e sulla loro suddivisione come comunità energetica.
Smart cities and smart communities from an urban-technological perspective
RENDON RESTREPO, RICARDO ANDRES
2017/2018
Abstract
The ideal solution to a problem can be a simple, tried-and-tested approach, or it can emerge after countless attempts and bring forth something completely new. The previous quote describes the beginning of a new smart way to live. Living in a smart environment means being able to simply and easily access to a stimulating, rich environment filled with opportunities. The design of this environment is focusing on 5 main factors, attempting to create smart living, smart mobility, smart working, smart environment and at the end of all it will finish creating smart people, all of them together at the end, in an implicit way are a smart community. A city could have an abundances of definitions depending of the perspective, however, one of the simplest way to see it is understanding a city as the merger of multiples communities. Cities are in a transformation process, reinventing themselves overtime to advance their economic, social and technological performance and improve their competiveness to manage the ongoing urban changes. Every city faces different problems regarding with their own “core”, meaning that not all of them suffer from the same diseases, therefore, the antidote to improve their performance in order to be efficient, should take in consideration the specific characteristics of each of them. Not all the citizens have the same culture, education system, belonging sense for their city, and other features that historically are part of the idiosyncrasy of each city or community. The new problems that every city have been facing during the last decades, create at the same time a chance to reinvent themselves and be more efficient. Nowadays, each city is targeting to be sustainable, and in other to achieve it they must create the enabling factors, innovate their administration’s processes and their service towards the citizens. The cities have been facing different challenges, from rapid growing population to high energy demand, and high standards of amenities in urban areas. In developed countries, challenges are due to declining birth rates, aging societies demanding better healthcare services, and deterioration of physical infrastructure such as buildings, roads, water supply and sewage systems, and power grid. Moreover, the environmental situation is something that is a global concern, increasing carbon dioxide emissions and frequent natural disasters are urgent issues. A new world, new challenges, new ways and paths require something that reshape people’s life and maybe one accurate answer to solve this situation could be replying successful small smart communities, that can be a trend model for other ones around, and could have a snowball effect in a higher scale, transforming even cities or countries. Thus, smart communities may be viewed as a template of how smart technologies-people can allow local systems to effectively harness these global forces and deploy the results in a positive generation of new opportunities, socially, politically, and economically. A multi-stakeholder model, where in order to reach a level of success all parts should be involved. Therefore, the target of this paper is to analyses the different type of smart cities, smart communities in all their versions, how they work and are composed, their evolution over the time and extract a model with their main features, that could be a guide line for future communities. Finally, do a step into the particular case of energy communities and the technologies that are part of it. Analyzing successful cases in detail, mainly in Italy, and extracting the technological development, features and processes, this paper will be a model of a community that is in the smartening process, in other words, becoming a smart community.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Smart Cities and Smart Communities from an urban-technological perspective Ricardo A Rendon .pdf
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Descrizione: The structure of the thesis is done in a way that the lector is able to find in the first 3 chapters, the main concepts that the thesis will highlight (smart cities, smart communities and energy communities). The overall description of them and the features or alternatives definitions that each of them could have depending of the source that mentioned them. The chapter two highlight the more common alternatives of smart communities, that are smart industries and smart neighborhoods, their definitions and the variables that each of them have internally. The chapters 4 to 7 analyze more in detail the components of a smart community in general, their elements, objectives, successful factors, and the weaknesses and barriers that are possible to find in the conformation process. The chapter 8 is the one that will lead the project because shows, the streams or the methodology that could be adopted to follow the smartening process. The main 4 pillars of a smart community are describe in this chapter but at the same time is highlighting the fact that not all the cities decide to adopt the 4 of them in simultaneous, mainly because some cities choose to implement the one that could be more critic for their reality. The chapter 9 is trying to sketch the draft of how a smart community should be created. Which are the main steps, the first initiatives, the financial support, the branch generation and how at the end, all of it could fit together. The chapter 10 would be maybe the most interesting for the lector because is the space where all the theory convert in specific cases and real examples of implemented technology in cities all around the world, trying to have special attention in Italy where the writer based his research. All the examples follow the logic of the pillars, and the order that they were mentioned in the chapter 8.
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https://hdl.handle.net/10589/144584