At a time when education has finally occupied a main role in society, talking about architecture and pedagogy as part of one concept becomes necessary for tailoring the design of schools at the learning needs of pupils. This relation starts with the pedagogical method of the XX century, when space became a fundamental component in the life of students; hence, in order to be able to define the characteristics of the school proposal, the present project is focused on the Montessori, Waldorf and Reggio Emilia methods. Different approaches feature different characteristics, while sharing the same aim: regarding the child as the main actor, then the teacher and the space has his allies and mentors. Thanks to the new project “Milano citta educativa”, and to the attention that the city paid to the education of its pupils, the area of the former Fabbrica Borletti in Milan was chosen as a place to welcome the new educational pole. Among the several architects who approached the theme of the school building, the ideas of Luois Kahn have immediately emerged. He is the one that urged the development of a new the way of thinking about schools, as opposed to architects who designed schools with a formal approach to firmly satisfy regulations, and tried to recreate the same schematic system related to the classroom in all of the projects. Kahn offers an anecdote: schools would have begun with a men under a tree that didn’t know to be the first teacher and that he would teach what he had learned to a group of men that did not know to be students. The american architect is thus trying to stimulate other architects to design a school that would improve and sustain the academic path of the student. This invite that has been pleasantly welcomed, and has become a landmark of the idea of school. for this reason it has been choosen to put a big tree in the middle of the system. The goal of this project is to offer a concept of school as an active space, which should be able to follow the pupil along her educational path. A humanisation of space, which is reminiscent of one of the fundamental principles of Team X, an organisation founded by young architects in the 60’s; perhaps due to the common will of wanting to give space a protagonist role in human life, and especially children, the architectural concept of school proposal has developed from an idea expressed by Giancarlo De Carlo, one of the most active members of Team X, who regards the student as a citizen, and the school as a town, an organic aggregation of spatial units around communal spaces and routes. It is chosen to bring back inside of buildings the complexity and surprise of the spontaneous town, realising a school-town which is able to welcome pupils during their educational growth; a non-hierarchical spatial structure and the building by clusters of spaces which face smaller inner squares, and which are conncted by roads and bridges A humanization of the space that remember one of the most important principal of the team X , an organism foundeed by young architects around the 60'; probably, thanks to this common will, that wants to give to the space a role of protagonist in man's life specially to the child, the architettonic concept relative at the school , is born from a thought express by Giancarlo De Carlo, one the most active member of the team X, that consider the student like a citizen and the school like a city , so , an organic aggregation of spacial units around public space and different pathways. It has been choose to recreate inside the buildings the complexity and the surprise of the “spontaneous city“, creating so a school_city that is able to welcomed the child during his academic life; a space without a gerarchic structure with the construction of clusters that overlook little internals squares that are interconnected with roads a d bridges.
In un momento in cui l’educazione scolastica ha finalmente conquistato un ruolo da protagonista all'interno della società, intrecciare un dialogo tra architettura e pedagogia diventa necessario per la progettazione di una scuola che sia realmente a misura di bambino. Un rapporto che affonda le proprie radici nei metodi pedagogici nati durante il 900, dove lo spazio diventa una componente fondamentale per il percorso formativo dello studente; per questo motivo, per poter delineare le caratteristiche della proposta di scuola, ci si è concentrati sui metodi Montessori, Waldorf e Reggio Emilia. Approcci con differenti caratteristiche ma con il desiderio comune di considerare il bambino come il soggetto protagonista e l’insegnante e lo spazio come suoi alleati e educatori. Grazie alla nuova carta per “Milano Città Educativa” e all’attenzione dimostrata dalla città nei confronti della formazione dei suoi piccoli abitanti, è stato deciso di scegliere Milano, ed in particolare l’area dell’ex Fabbrica Borletti, come luogo in cui ospitare il nuovo polo didattico. Tra i molti architetti che hanno affrontato la tematica dell’edilizia scolastica è da subito emerso un pensiero di Louis Kahn, che durante un’aspra critica nei confronti degli architetti che progettano scuole in modo “compilativo”, rispondendo, quindi, ad una serie di norme e cercando di riportare lo stesso impianto schematico di insieme di aule in ogni progetto; esorta questi a ripensare all’idea originaria di scuola. Kahn propone un aneddoto secondo il quale le scuole avrebbero avuto inizio con un uomo sotto un albero che non sapeva di essere il primo maestro e che spiegava ciò che aveva compreso, ad un gruppo di uomini che non sapevano di essere degli studenti. L’architetto statunitense vuole così invitare gli architetti a progettare una scuola, pensando a come questa possa essere utile per la crescita formativa dei bambini. Un invito che è stato piacevolmente accolto e che diviene un simbolo di questa idea di scuola, per questo motivo viene scelto di porre al centro del sistema, un grande albero. L’ambizione del progetto è quella di offrire una scuola intesa come luogo attivo, in grado di accompagnare il bambino durante la sua crescita. Un’umanizzazione dello spazio che ricorda uno dei principi fondamentali del Team X, organismo formato da giovani architetti verso gli anni 60; probabilmente a causa di questa comune volontà di voler dare allo spazio un ruolo da protagonista nella vita dell’uomo ed in modo particolare del bambino, che il concept architettonico della proposta di scuola, nasce da un pensiero espresso da Giancarlo De Carlo, uno dei più attivi membri del Team X, che considera lo studente come un cittadino e la scuola come una città, un’organica aggregazione di unità spaziali intorno a spazi comuni e percorsi. Si sceglie di riportare all’interno degli edifici la complessità e la sorpresa della città spontanea, dando vita ad una scuola-città in grado di accogliere i bambini durante la loro crescita formativa; una struttura non gerarchica degli spazi e la costruzione per clusters di ambienti che si affacciano su piccole piazze interne e vengono connessi da strade e ponti.
La classe non è aula. Proposta di una scuola come città all’interno dell’ ex Fabbrica Borletti
CUOMO, GIULIA
2017/2018
Abstract
At a time when education has finally occupied a main role in society, talking about architecture and pedagogy as part of one concept becomes necessary for tailoring the design of schools at the learning needs of pupils. This relation starts with the pedagogical method of the XX century, when space became a fundamental component in the life of students; hence, in order to be able to define the characteristics of the school proposal, the present project is focused on the Montessori, Waldorf and Reggio Emilia methods. Different approaches feature different characteristics, while sharing the same aim: regarding the child as the main actor, then the teacher and the space has his allies and mentors. Thanks to the new project “Milano citta educativa”, and to the attention that the city paid to the education of its pupils, the area of the former Fabbrica Borletti in Milan was chosen as a place to welcome the new educational pole. Among the several architects who approached the theme of the school building, the ideas of Luois Kahn have immediately emerged. He is the one that urged the development of a new the way of thinking about schools, as opposed to architects who designed schools with a formal approach to firmly satisfy regulations, and tried to recreate the same schematic system related to the classroom in all of the projects. Kahn offers an anecdote: schools would have begun with a men under a tree that didn’t know to be the first teacher and that he would teach what he had learned to a group of men that did not know to be students. The american architect is thus trying to stimulate other architects to design a school that would improve and sustain the academic path of the student. This invite that has been pleasantly welcomed, and has become a landmark of the idea of school. for this reason it has been choosen to put a big tree in the middle of the system. The goal of this project is to offer a concept of school as an active space, which should be able to follow the pupil along her educational path. A humanisation of space, which is reminiscent of one of the fundamental principles of Team X, an organisation founded by young architects in the 60’s; perhaps due to the common will of wanting to give space a protagonist role in human life, and especially children, the architectural concept of school proposal has developed from an idea expressed by Giancarlo De Carlo, one of the most active members of Team X, who regards the student as a citizen, and the school as a town, an organic aggregation of spatial units around communal spaces and routes. It is chosen to bring back inside of buildings the complexity and surprise of the spontaneous town, realising a school-town which is able to welcome pupils during their educational growth; a non-hierarchical spatial structure and the building by clusters of spaces which face smaller inner squares, and which are conncted by roads and bridges A humanization of the space that remember one of the most important principal of the team X , an organism foundeed by young architects around the 60'; probably, thanks to this common will, that wants to give to the space a role of protagonist in man's life specially to the child, the architettonic concept relative at the school , is born from a thought express by Giancarlo De Carlo, one the most active member of the team X, that consider the student like a citizen and the school like a city , so , an organic aggregation of spacial units around public space and different pathways. It has been choose to recreate inside the buildings the complexity and the surprise of the “spontaneous city“, creating so a school_city that is able to welcomed the child during his academic life; a space without a gerarchic structure with the construction of clusters that overlook little internals squares that are interconnected with roads a d bridges.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
10515543-A4.pdf
solo utenti autorizzati dal 10/12/2021
Descrizione: Documento di sintesi_strategia
Dimensione
62.16 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
62.16 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
10515543-A0.pdf
accessibile in internet per tutti
Descrizione: Documento di sintesi_disegni
Dimensione
51 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
51 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
Tesi_Scritta_Cuomo_Giulia.pdf
non accessibile
Descrizione: Testo della tesi
Dimensione
17.86 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
17.86 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
Elaborati_Grafici_Tesi_Cuomo_Giulia.pdf
solo utenti autorizzati dal 10/12/2021
Descrizione: Elaborati grafici di progetto
Dimensione
57.53 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
57.53 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/144906