The underpricing of initial public offerings is a widely known phenomenon, documented by extensive evidence. On average, in initial public offerings (IPOs), firms offer underpriced shares and “leave money on the table”. In the last decades, a huge number of academics identified different reasons behind IPO underpricing on main markets, disregarding second markets. The aim of this dissertation is to enrich and enlarge the existing literature providing additional empirical evidence of IPO underpricing on AIM Italia, a Multilateral Trading Facility designed for dynamic and innovative SMEs. To accomplish this goal, information regarding the listed companies, offering, and market characteristics were collected, and a specific database was created. Afterwards, both univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. The results show that IPOs on AIM Italia are on average underpriced. The major determinant of IPO underpricing is the high asymmetric information between issuers and investors. As investors do not know the actual value of the firm, underpricing is used to compensate them for the ex-ante uncertainty and the perceived risk. Moreover, the reputation of the Nominated Adviser (Nomad) serves as a certification signal for the firm quality, reducing the information asymmetries. Hence, the presence of prestigious Nomads reduces the extent of underpricing. Eventually, the underpricing level is negatively connected with the portion of the firm sold during the offering: the higher the fraction sold, the lower the underpricing. As a matter of fact, when a large fraction is sold, existing shareholders are interested in reducing the level of underpricing in order to minimise their wealth loss.
Il fenomeno dell’underpricing nelle offerte pubbliche iniziali è ampiamente conosciuto e documentato da numerose prove. In media, nelle offerte pubbliche iniziali, gli emittenti offrono azioni ad un prezzo ridotto rispetto al prezzo di mercato e perdono l’opportunità di raccogliere più capitale. Negli ultimi decenni, numerosi accademici hanno identificato le possibili motivazioni dell’underpricing sui mercati principali, tralasciando i mercati secondari. Lo scopo di questa tesi consiste nell’arricchire e ampliare la letteratura esistente, fornendo ulteriori prove dell’esistenza dell’underpricing nelle offerte pubbliche iniziali su AIM Italia, il mercato secondario dedicato alle PMI innovative e dinamiche. Per raggiungere questo obiettivo, sono state raccolte le informazioni riguardanti le caratteristiche delle società quotate, dell’offerta, e del mercato, ed è stato creato un apposito database. In seguito, sono state svolte analisi univariate e multivariate. I risultati mostrano che le azioni delle offerte pubbliche iniziali su AIM Italia sono in media offerte ad un prezzo inferiore a quello di mercato. La principale determinante di questo fenomeno è l’asimmetria informativa tra emittenti e investitori. Poiché gli investitori non conoscono il vero valore dell’emittente, le azioni vengono vendute ad un prezzo ridotto per compensarli dell’incertezza e del rischio percepito. Inoltre, la reputazione del Nomad certifica la qualità dell’emittente, riducendo le asimmetrie informative e quindi riducendo l’entità di questo fenomeno. Infine, il livello di underpricing è connesso con la frazione di azioni vendute: se la porzione è grande, gli azionisti sono interessati a ridurre il livello di underpricing così da minimizzare le loro perdite personali.
The determinants of IPO underpricing on AIM Italia
COLUSSI, SOFIA
2017/2018
Abstract
The underpricing of initial public offerings is a widely known phenomenon, documented by extensive evidence. On average, in initial public offerings (IPOs), firms offer underpriced shares and “leave money on the table”. In the last decades, a huge number of academics identified different reasons behind IPO underpricing on main markets, disregarding second markets. The aim of this dissertation is to enrich and enlarge the existing literature providing additional empirical evidence of IPO underpricing on AIM Italia, a Multilateral Trading Facility designed for dynamic and innovative SMEs. To accomplish this goal, information regarding the listed companies, offering, and market characteristics were collected, and a specific database was created. Afterwards, both univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. The results show that IPOs on AIM Italia are on average underpriced. The major determinant of IPO underpricing is the high asymmetric information between issuers and investors. As investors do not know the actual value of the firm, underpricing is used to compensate them for the ex-ante uncertainty and the perceived risk. Moreover, the reputation of the Nominated Adviser (Nomad) serves as a certification signal for the firm quality, reducing the information asymmetries. Hence, the presence of prestigious Nomads reduces the extent of underpricing. Eventually, the underpricing level is negatively connected with the portion of the firm sold during the offering: the higher the fraction sold, the lower the underpricing. As a matter of fact, when a large fraction is sold, existing shareholders are interested in reducing the level of underpricing in order to minimise their wealth loss.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
2018_12_Colussi.pdf
solo utenti autorizzati dal 04/12/2019
Descrizione: Testo della tesi
Dimensione
1.25 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.25 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in POLITesi sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
https://hdl.handle.net/10589/145039